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Erling Johnson
Erling Bjarne Johnson (7 June 1893 – 5 November 1967) invented the nitrophosphate process in the years 1927-28. The process is recognised internationally as important in the production of fertiliser, but he is little-known in his native Norway. Johnson worked as a chemical engineer, graduating from Kristiania Tekniske Skole ("Kristiania School of Technics") in 1913. He continued his amanuensis at the chemical institute of the Norwegian University of Life Sciences from 1913 to 1916, where he was assistant to Professor Sebelien. His work concentrated on questions around fertilisers. He worked as a research chemist for the North Western Cyanamide Company in Odda from 1915 to 1921, where he also worked on fertilisers. He sat on the State Raw Materials Committee in 1921. He was chemical and technical lead for A/S Monopol paint factory in Florvåg on Askøy in Bergen, at the same time as working with Jakobsens Fabrikker A/S in Oslo Oslo ( , , or ; sma, Oslove) is the capit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nitrophosphate Process
The nitrophosphate process (also known as the Odda process) is a method for the industrial production of nitrogen fertilizers invented by Erling Johnson in the municipality of Odda, Norway around 1927. The process involves acidifying phosphate rock with dilute nitric acid to produce a mixture of phosphoric acid and calcium nitrate. :Ca5(PO4)3OH + 10 HNO3 → 3 H3PO4 + 5 Ca(NO3)2 + H2O The mixture is cooled to below 0 °C, where the calcium nitrate crystallizes and can be separated from the phosphoric acid. :2 H3PO4 + 3 Ca(NO3)2 + 12 H2O → 2 H3PO4 + 3 Ca(NO3)2·4H2O The resulting calcium nitrate produces nitrogen fertilizer. The filtrate is composed mainly of phosphoric acid with some nitric acid and traces of calcium nitrate, and this is neutralized with ammonia to produce a compound fertilizer. :Ca(NO3)2 + 4 H3PO4 + 8 NH3 → CaHPO4 + 2 NH4NO3 + 3(NH4)2HPO4 If potassium chloride or potassium sulfate is added, the result will be NPK fertilizer. The process was an in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fertiliser
A fertilizer (American English) or fertiliser (British English; see spelling differences) is any material of natural or synthetic origin that is applied to soil or to plant tissues to supply plant nutrients. Fertilizers may be distinct from liming materials or other non-nutrient soil amendments. Many sources of fertilizer exist, both natural and industrially produced. For most modern agricultural practices, fertilization focuses on three main macro nutrients: nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) with occasional addition of supplements like rock flour for micronutrients. Farmers apply these fertilizers in a variety of ways: through dry or pelletized or liquid application processes, using large agricultural equipment or hand-tool methods. Historically fertilization came from natural or organic sources: compost, animal manure, human manure, harvested minerals, crop rotations and byproducts of human-nature industries (i.e. fish processing waste, or bloodmeal from a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Norwegian University Of Life Sciences
The Norwegian University of Life Sciences ( no, Norges miljø- og biovitenskapelige universitet, NMBU) is a public university located in Ås, Norway. It is located at Ås in Viken, near Oslo, and at Adamstuen in Oslo and has around 5,200 students. History The institution was established in 1859 as the Higher Agricultural College (''Den høiere Landbrugsskole''). In 1897 the institution was transformed into the Norwegian College of Agriculture (''Norges Landbrugshøiskole'', later spelled ''Norges Landbrukshøiskole'', ''Norges landbrukshøyskole'' and ''Norges landbrukshøgskole'', abbreviated NLH). It received the status of a university-level college (''vitenskapelig høgskole''). In 2005 it received university status and was renamed the Norwegian University of Life Sciences (''Universitetet for miljø- og biovitenskap''; UMB). In 2014 the it merged with the Norwegian School of Veterinary Science (NVH) in Oslo; it retained its English name but was formally renamed ''Norges m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
North Western Cyanamide Company
North is one of the four compass points or cardinal directions. It is the opposite of south and is perpendicular to east and west. ''North'' is a noun, adjective, or adverb indicating direction or geography. Etymology The word ''north'' is related to the Old High German ''nord'', both descending from the Proto-Indo-European unit *''ner-'', meaning "left; below" as north is to left when facing the rising sun. Similarly, the other cardinal directions are also related to the sun's position. The Latin word ''borealis'' comes from the Greek '' boreas'' "north wind, north", which, according to Ovid, was personified as the wind-god Boreas, the father of Calais and Zetes. ''Septentrionalis'' is from ''septentriones'', "the seven plow oxen", a name of ''Ursa Major''. The Greek ἀρκτικός (''arktikós'') is named for the same constellation, and is the source of the English word ''Arctic''. Other languages have other derivations. For example, in Lezgian, ''kefer'' can mean ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Odda
Odda () is a former municipality in the old Hordaland county, Norway. The municipality existed from 1913 until its dissolution in 2020 when it was merged into Ullensvang Municipality in Vestland county. It was located in southeastern Hordaland county, surrounding the southern end of the Sørfjorden. The administrative centre was the town of Odda, which was also the main commercial and economic centre of the entire Hardanger region. Other villages in the municipality included Botnen, Eitrheim, Håra, Røldal, Seljestad, Skare, and Tyssedal. Prior to its dissolution in 2020, the municipality was the 42nd largest by area out of the 422 municipalities in Norway. Odda is the 150th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 7,025. The municipality's population density is and its population has decreased by 1.8% over the last decade. In 1927, Erling Johnson, working at Odda Smelteverk, invented a process to produce three-component, NPK fertilizers. This process is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Askøy
Askøy is a municipality in Vestland county, Norway. The island municipality is located in the Midhordland district of the county, sitting in a large group of islands immediately northwest of the city of Bergen. The administrative centre of the municipality is the urban village of Kleppestø on the southeastern shore of the island of Askøy. The municipality is the 328th largest by area out of the 356 municipalities in Norway. Askøy is the 36th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 29,816. The municipality's population density is and its population has increased by 13.8% over the previous 10-year period. Since the opening of the Askøy Bridge connecting it to the mainland of Bergen in 1992, the population has increased rapidly. Its population growth among the highest in Norway. Most of the population growth is due to migration from Bergen and the surrounding districts of Nordhordland and Midhordland. General information The parish of ''Askøen'' was est ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bergen
Bergen (), historically Bjørgvin, is a city and municipality in Vestland county on the west coast of Norway. , its population is roughly 285,900. Bergen is the second-largest city in Norway. The municipality covers and is on the peninsula of Bergenshalvøyen. The city centre and northern neighbourhoods are on Byfjorden, 'the city fjord', and the city is surrounded by mountains; Bergen is known as the "city of seven mountains". Many of the extra-municipal suburbs are on islands. Bergen is the administrative centre of Vestland county. The city consists of eight boroughs: Arna, Bergenhus, Fana, Fyllingsdalen, Laksevåg, Ytrebygda, Årstad, and Åsane. Trading in Bergen may have started as early as the 1020s. According to tradition, the city was founded in 1070 by King Olav Kyrre and was named Bjørgvin, 'the green meadow among the mountains'. It served as Norway's capital in the 13th century, and from the end of the 13th century became a bureau city of the Hanseatic Leag ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oslo
Oslo ( , , or ; sma, Oslove) is the capital and most populous city of Norway. It constitutes both a county and a municipality. The municipality of Oslo had a population of in 2022, while the city's greater urban area had a population of in 2019, and the metropolitan area had an estimated population of in 2021. During the Viking Age the area was part of Viken. Oslo was founded as a city at the end of the Viking Age in 1040 under the name Ánslo, and established as a ''kaupstad'' or trading place in 1048 by Harald Hardrada. The city was elevated to a bishopric in 1070 and a capital under Haakon V of Norway around 1300. Personal unions with Denmark from 1397 to 1523 and again from 1536 to 1814 reduced its influence. After being destroyed by a fire in 1624, during the reign of King Christian IV, a new city was built closer to Akershus Fortress and named Christiania in honour of the king. It became a municipality ('' formannskapsdistrikt'') on 1 January 1838. The city fu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Odda Smelteverk
Odda () is a list of former municipalities of Norway, former municipality in the old Hordaland counties of Norway, county, Norway. The municipality existed from 1913 until its dissolution in 2020 when it was merged into Ullensvang Municipality in Vestland county. It was located in southeastern Hordaland county, surrounding the southern end of the Sørfjorden (Hardanger), Sørfjorden. The administrative centre was the Odda (town), town of Odda, which was also the main commercial and economic centre of the entire Hardanger region. Other villages in the municipality included Botnen, Hordaland, Botnen, Eitrheim, Horda, Norway, Håra, Røldal, Seljestad, Hordaland, Seljestad, Skare, and Tyssedal. Prior to its dissolution in 2020, the municipality was the 42nd largest by area out of the 422 municipalities in Norway. Odda is the 150th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 7,025. The municipality's population density is and its population has decreased by 1.8% over t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Guldberg Og Waage-medaljen
Guldberg is a Scandinavian surname. Notable people with the surname include: *Cathinka Guldberg (1840–1919), Norwegian nurse *Cato Maximilian Guldberg (1836–1902), Norwegian mathematician and chemist *Emmerik Høegh-Guldberg (1807–1881), Danish painter *Julius Høegh-Guldberg (1779–1861), Danish officer and politician * Christopher Julius Emil Høegh-Guldberg (1842–1907), Danish politician *Mogens Guldberg (born 1963), Danish middle-distance runner * Ove Guldberg (1918–2008), Danish politician * Ove Høegh-Guldberg (born Guldberg) (1731–1808), Danish statesman, historian and de facto Prime Minister of Denmark * Ove Hoegh-Guldberg (biologist) (born 1959), Danish-Australian biologist *Stig Guldberg Stig Guldberg (November 26, 1916 in Denmark - April 18, 1980) is founder of the Guldberg-Plan, a society, which has been organising rehabilitation camps for handicapped children since 1950. Guldberg, who himself had lost his left forearm and his ... (1916–1980), Danish fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Norwegian Chemical Society
The Norwegian Chemical Society ( no, Norsk kjemisk selskap) is a professional society in Norway for chemists. Formed in 1893, its purpose is to "promote the interest and understanding of chemistry and chemical technology". Chair A chair is a type of seat, typically designed for one person and consisting of one or more legs, a flat or slightly angled seat and a back-rest. They may be made of wood, metal, or synthetic materials, and may be padded or upholstered in vario ... is Kenneth Ruud, vice chair is Hans Henrik Øvrebø and board members are Øyvind Mikkelsen, Lillian Zernichow and Kari Herder Kaggerud. – Norwegian Chemical Society References Chemistry societies[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
