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Eggerthellaceae
The ''Eggerthellaceae'' are a family of Gram-positive, rod- or coccus-shaped Actinomycetota. It is the sole family within the order ''Eggerthellales.'' The name ''Eggerthellaceae'' is derived from the Latin term ''Eggerthella,'' referring to the type genus of the family and the suffix "-ceae," an ending used to denote a family. Together, ''Eggerthellaceae'' refers to a family whose nomenclatural type is the genus ''Eggerthella''. Biochemical characteristics and molecular signatures Members of this family are mostly anaerobic, non-motile (with the exception of some ''Gordonibacter'' and ''Senegalimassilia'' species that exhibit motility), asaccharolytic and do not form spores. ''Eggerthellaceae'' species are commonly isolated from human and animal faeces and other human sources such as the colon, vagina, oral cavity and blood. Some species have also been isolated from human samples of periodontal or endodontic infections, Crohn's disease and severe blood bacteremia. The G+C co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eggerthellaceae Phylogenetic Relationships
The ''Eggerthellaceae'' are a family of Gram-positive, rod- or coccus-shaped Actinomycetota. It is the sole family within the order ''Eggerthellales.'' The name ''Eggerthellaceae'' is derived from the Latin term ''Eggerthella,'' referring to the type genus of the family and the suffix "-ceae," an ending used to denote a family. Together, ''Eggerthellaceae'' refers to a family whose nomenclatural type is the genus ''Eggerthella''. Biochemical characteristics and molecular signatures Members of this family are mostly anaerobic, non-motile (with the exception of some ''Gordonibacter'' and ''Senegalimassilia'' species that exhibit motility), asaccharolytic and do not form spores. ''Eggerthellaceae'' species are commonly isolated from human and animal faeces and other human sources such as the colon, vagina, oral cavity and blood. Some species have also been isolated from human samples of periodontal or endodontic infections, Crohn's disease and severe blood bacteremia. The G+C co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coriobacteriia
The ''Coriobacteriia'' are a class of Gram-positive bacteria within the Actinomycetota phylum.Ludwig, W., Euzéby, J., Schumann, P., Busse, H. J., Trujillo, M. E.,Kämpfer, P. & Whitman, W. B. (2012). Road map of the phylum Actinobacteria. In: Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, pp. 1–28. Eds. M. Goodfellow, P. Ka¨mpfer, H. J. Busse, M. E. Trujillo, K. Suzuki, W. Ludwig & W. B. Whitman. Springer-:New YorkClavel T, Lepage P & Charrier C. (2014). The family Coriobacteriaceae. In: The Prokaryotes, pp. 201-238. Springer-:Berlin Heidelberg Species within this group are nonsporulating, strict or facultative anaerobes that are capable of thriving in a diverse set of ecological niches. '' Gordonibacter'' species are the only members capable of motility by means of flagella within the class. Several species within the ''Coriobacteriia'' class have been implicated with human diseases that range in severity. '' Atopobium'', '' Olsenella'', and ''Cryptobacterium'' species have resp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adlercreutzia
''Adlercreutzia'' is a genus in the phylum Actinomycetota (Bacteria). Etymology The generic name derives from H. Adlercreutz, a professor at the University of Helsinki in Finland, for his contributions to research on the effects of phytoestrogens on human health. Species The genus contains the following species: * ''Adlercreutzia caecicola ''(Clavel et al. 2013) Nouioui et al. 2018 * ''Adlercreutzia caecimuris'' (Clavel ''et al''. 2010) Nouioui ''et al''. 2018 * ''Adlercreutzia equolifaciens'' Maruo ''et al''. 2008 * ''Adlercreutzia hattorii'' Sakamoto et al. 2021 * ''Adlercreutzia mucosicola'' (Clavel ''et al''. 2009) Nouioui ''et al''. 2018 * ''Adlercreutzia muris'' (Lagkouvardos ''et al''. 2016) Nouioui ''et al''. 2018 * ''Adlercreutzia rubneri'' Stoll et al. 2021 Taxonomy In 2018, Nouioui ''et al.'' proposed merging the genera ''Asaccharobacter, Enterorhabdus'' and ''Parvibacter'' within the genus ''Aldercreutzia'' based on observed clustering of these genera within phyl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parvibacter
''Parvibacter'' is a genus in the phylum Actinomycetota containing a single species, ''Parvibacter caecicola''. Taxonomy In 2018, Nouioui ''et al.'' proposed merging the genus ''Parvibacter'' along with the genera ''Asaccharobacter and Enterorhabdus'' within the genus '' Aldercreutzia'' based on observed clustering of these genera within phylogenetic trees. However, subsequent phylogenetic analyses observed that ''Parvibacter caecicola'' exhibited much deeper branching compared to other ''Aldercreutzia'' species. Its phylogenetic distinctness was further demonstrated by the presence of five conserved signature indels Conserved signature inserts and deletions (CSIs) in protein sequences provide an important category of molecular markers for understanding phylogenetic relationships. CSIs, brought about by rare genetic changes, provide useful phylogenetic markers ... (CSIs) that are exclusively shared by all ''Aldercreutzia'' species except for ''P. caecicola''. Thus, ''P. caeci ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cryptobacterium
''Cryptobacterium'' is a genus of Actinomycetota, in the family Coriobacteriaceae. Up to now there is only one species of this genus known (Cryptobacterium curtum ''Cryptobacterium curtum'' is a Gram-positive anaerobic rod bacteria isolated from human mouths. Description ''Cryptobacterium curtum'' are Gram-positive, obligately anaerobic, non-spore-forming, and rod-shaped bacteria. ''C. curtum'' has b ...). References External links *https://web.archive.org/web/20060212162102/http://www.bacterio.cict.fr/c/cryptobacterium.html Further reading * * Coriobacteriaceae Monotypic bacteria genera Bacteria genera {{actinobacteria-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Denitrobacterium
''Denitrobacterium'' is a genus of Actinomycetota with a single species, in the family Coriobacteriaceae. Originally isolated from the bovine rumen, ''Denitrobacterium'' are non-motile and non-spore forming. The only described species in this genus is ''Denitrobacterium detoxificans''. The specific niche of this bacterium in the bovine rumen is theorized to be the detoxification/metabolism of nitrotoxins and miserotoxin. Characteristics of ''Denitrobacterium detoxificans'' The sole species currently described in the genus ''Denitrobacterium'', ''D. detoxificans'', is a Gram-positive, obligate anaerobe. In the study conducted by Anderson ''et al''., all of the four strains (NPOH1, NPOH2, NPOH3, and MAJ1) are shown to possess high G+C content in their DNAs (60, 58, 56, and 60 mol%, respectively) and are closely related to one another (more than 99% sequence identity). Additionally, the closest intergeneric relative is '' Coriobacterium glomerans'' with 86% sequence identit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Slackia
''Slackia'' is a genus of Actinomycetota, in the family Coriobacteriaceae The Coriobacteriaceae a family of Actinomycetota The ''Actinomycetota'' (or ''Actinobacteria'') are a phylum of all gram-positive bacteria. They can be terrestrial or aquatic. They are of great economic importance to humans because agri .... ''Slackia'' is named after the microbiologist Geoffrey Slack. References External links LPSN Coriobacteriaceae Bacterial vaginosis Bacteria genera {{actinobacteria-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Asaccharobacter
''Asaccharobacter'' is a bacterial genus from the family of Coriobacteriaceae. Up to now there is only one species of this genus known (Asaccharobacter celatus ''Asaccharobacter celatus'' is a Gram-positive, non- spore-forming and obligately anaerobic Anaerobic means "living, active, occurring, or existing in the absence of free oxygen", as opposed to aerobic which means "living, active, or occurring ...). In 2018, Nouioui ''et al.'' proposed merging the genus ''Asaccharobacter'' within the genus '' Aldercreutzia'' based on observed clustering of these genera within phylogenetic trees. The correct nomenclature for the sole species of this genus is now ''Adlercreutzia'' ''equolifaciens'' subsp. ''celatus.'' References Further reading * * Actinomycetota Monotypic bacteria genera Bacteria genera {{Actinobacteria-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Outgroup (cladistics)
In cladistics or phylogenetics, an outgroup is a more distantly related group of organisms that serves as a reference group when determining the evolutionary relationships of the ingroup, the set of organisms under study, and is distinct from sociological outgroups. The outgroup is used as a point of comparison for the ingroup and specifically allows for the phylogeny to be rooted. Because the polarity (direction) of character change can be determined only on a rooted phylogeny, the choice of outgroup is essential for understanding the evolution of traits along a phylogeny. History Although the concept of outgroups has been in use from the earliest days of cladistics, the term "outgroup" is thought to have been coined in the early 1970s at the American Museum of Natural History. Prior to the advent of the term, various other terms were used by evolutionary biologists, including "exgroup", "related group", and "outside groups". Choice of outgroup The chosen outgroup is hypothes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
DNA-directed RNA Polymerase
A polymerase is an enzyme ( EC 2.7.7.6/7/19/48/49) that synthesizes long chains of polymers or nucleic acids. DNA polymerase and RNA polymerase are used to assemble DNA and RNA molecules, respectively, by copying a DNA template strand using base-pairing interactions or RNA by half ladder replication. A DNA polymerase from the thermophilic bacterium, ''Thermus aquaticus'' (''Taq'') ( PDBbr>1BGX EC 2.7.7.7) is used in the polymerase chain reaction, an important technique of molecular biology. A polymerase may be template dependent or template independent. Poly-A-polymerase is an example of template independent polymerase. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase also known to have template independent and template dependent activities. Types By function *DNA polymerase (DNA-directed DNA polymerase, DdDP) **Family A: DNA polymerase I; Pol γ, θ, ν **Family B: DNA polymerase II; Pol α, δ, ε, ζ **Family C: DNA polymerase III holoenzyme **Family X: Pol β, λ, μ * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
UDP-glucose 4-epimerase
The enzyme UDP-glucose 4-epimerase (), also known as UDP-galactose 4-epimerase or GALE, is a homodimeric epimerase found in bacterial, fungal, plant, and mammalian cells. This enzyme performs the final step in the Leloir pathway of galactose metabolism, catalyzing the reversible conversion of UDP-galactose to UDP-glucose. GALE tightly binds nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), a co-factor required for catalytic activity. Additionally, human and some bacterial GALE isoforms reversibly catalyze the formation of UDP-''N''-acetylgalactosamine (UDP-GalNAc) from UDP-''N''-acetylglucosamine ( UDP-GlcNAc) in the presence of NAD+, an initial step in glycoprotein or glycolipid synthesis. Historical significance Dr. Luis Leloir deduced the role of GALE in galactose metabolism during his tenure at the Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas del Fundación Campomar, initially terming the enzyme waldenase. Dr. Leloir was awarded the 1970 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his discovery ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
