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Echinostoma Revolutum
''Echinostoma revolutum'' is a trematode parasites, of which the adults can infect birds and mammals, including humans. In humans, it causes echinostomiasis.. Distribution ''Echinostoma revolutum'' is the most widely distributed species of the known 20 Echinostomatidae species; it is found in Asia, Oceania, Europe, and the Americas. In Asian countries the disease is endemic to humans. Outbreaks have been reported in North America after travellers returend from Kenya and Tanzania. Description The worms are leaflike, elongated, and an average of 8.8 mm long (8.0–9.5 mm) and 1.7 mm wide (1.2–2.1 mm). When first passed in the feces, they were pinkish red and coiled in a "c" or "e" shape. The eggs in uteri were an average of 105 μm long (97–117 μm) and 63 μm wide (61–65 μm). Life cycle Infection of ''Echinostoma revolutum'' usually results from ingestion of raw snails or frogs that serve as an intermediate host. This parasite is predominantly foun ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Radix Auricularia
''Radix auricularia'', the big-ear radix, is a species of medium-sized freshwater snail, an aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Lymnaeidae.Neubauer, Thomas A.; Rosenberg, G.; Gofas, S. (2014). Radix auricularia (Linnaeus, 1758). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=248263 on 2014-11-17 ''Radix auricularia'' is the type species of the genus '' Radix''. Forms Forms of ''Radix auricularia'' include: *''Radix auricularia'' f. ''tumida'' (Held, 1836) *''Radix auricularia'' f. ''subampla'' (Ehrmann, 1933) Shell description The shell is thin, roundly ovate and very inflated, such that the last whorl comprises 90% of its volume.Clarke, A.H. 1981. ''The freshwater molluscs of Canada''. National Museum of Natural Sciences, National Museums of Canada, Ottawa, Canada. 447 pp. The shell has a rounded and broad spire that pinches in steeply at the apex. The spire short, conic, very small compared wit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arthur Looss
Arthur Looss (16 March 1861 – 4 May 1923) was a German zoologist and parasitologist. Looss was born in 1861 in Chemnitz, and was educated both there and in Łódź, Poland. Thereafter, he studied at the University of Leipzig, where he received a doctorate for his study of trematodes. Looss was sent by Rudolf Leuckart to Egypt to study the transmission of bilharzia, where he became accidentally infected with hookworm, and in so doing discovered the method by which the larvae penetrate the skin. He spilt some larval culture onto his hand in 1896, while dropping it into the mouths of guinea pigs; observing the irritation this caused to his skin, he hypothesised that infection pass through the skin. He examined his faeces at intervals and found hookworm eggs in it a few weeks later. The paper he wrote about the life cycle of the hookworm is considered a classic in the field. He later described the species as ''Ancylostoma duodenale''. Looss continued to work as a professor of para ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Corbicula Producta
''Corbicula'' is a genus of freshwater and brackish water clams, aquatic bivalve mollusks in the family Cyrenidae, the basket clams.Gofas, S. (2015). Cyrenidae Gray, 1847. In: MolluscaBase (2015). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=238370 on 2015-08-26 The genus name is the New Latin diminutive of Latin ''corbis'', a basket, referring to the shape and ribs of the shell. The genus ''Corbicula'' includes numerous extant and fossil species; the status of several of them is unclear (''species inquirenda'').MolluscaBase eds. (2022). ''Corbicula'' Megerle von Mühlfeld, 1811. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Speciesat: https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=238371 on 2022-05-29 The best known is ''Corbicula fluminea'', an invasive species in many areas of the world. Unusually, some members produce via androgenesis, wherein all genes are inherited from the male, one of the very fe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prevalence
In epidemiology, prevalence is the proportion of a particular population found to be affected by a medical condition (typically a disease or a risk factor such as smoking or seatbelt use) at a specific time. It is derived by comparing the number of people found to have the condition with the total number of people studied and is usually expressed as a fraction, a percentage, or the number of cases per 10,000 or 100,000 people. Prevalence is most often used in questionnaire studies. Difference between prevalence and incidence Prevalence is the number of disease cases ''present ''in a particular population at a given time, whereas incidence is the number of new cases that ''develop '' during a specified time period. Prevalence answers "How many people have this disease right now?" or "How many people have had this disease during this time period?". Incidence answers "How many people acquired the disease uring a specified time period". However, mathematically, prevalence is propor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taiwan
Taiwan, officially the Republic of China (ROC), is a country in East Asia, at the junction of the East and South China Seas in the northwestern Pacific Ocean, with the People's Republic of China (PRC) to the northwest, Japan to the northeast, and the Philippines to the south. The territories controlled by the ROC consist of 168 islands, with a combined area of . The main island of Taiwan, also known as ''Formosa'', has an area of , with mountain ranges dominating the eastern two-thirds and plains in the western third, where its highly urbanised population is concentrated. The capital, Taipei, forms along with New Taipei City and Keelung the largest metropolitan area of Taiwan. Other major cities include Taoyuan, Taichung, Tainan, and Kaohsiung. With around 23.9 million inhabitants, Taiwan is among the most densely populated countries in the world. Taiwan has been settled for at least 25,000 years. Ancestors of Taiwanese indigenous peoples settled the isla ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cambodia
Cambodia (; also Kampuchea ; km, កម្ពុជា, UNGEGN: ), officially the Kingdom of Cambodia, is a country located in the southern portion of the Indochinese Peninsula in Southeast Asia, spanning an area of , bordered by Thailand to the northwest, Laos to the north, Vietnam to the east, and the Gulf of Thailand to the southwest. The capital and largest city is Phnom Penh. The sovereign state of Cambodia has a population of over 17 million. Buddhism is enshrined in the constitution as the official state religion, and is practised by more than 97% of the population. Cambodia's minority groups include Vietnamese, Chinese, Chams and 30 hill tribes. Cambodia has a tropical monsoon climate of two seasons, and the country is made up of a central floodplain around the Tonlé Sap lake and Mekong Delta, surrounded by mountainous regions. The capital and largest city is Phnom Penh, the political, economic and cultural centre of Cambodia. The kingdom is an elective co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Physa Occidentalis
''Physa'' is a genus of small, left-handed or sinistral, air-breathing freshwater snails, aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the subfamily Physinae of the family Physidae.MolluscaBase eds. (2021). MolluscaBase. Physa Draparnaud, 1801. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=181551 on 2021-06-26 These snails eat algae, diatoms and detritus. Anatomy Members of the freshwater pulmonate family Physidae possess a complex of muscles that is unique amongst gastropods. This complex was given the name "physid musculature". The physid musculature has two main components, the physid muscle ''sensu stricto'' and the fan muscle. The physid musculature is responsible for a unique ability of physids to rapidly flick their shells from side to side — a reaction that frequently enables them to escape predation. Shell description These small snails, like all the species in the family Physidae, have shells that are sin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lymnaea
''Lymnaea'' is a genus of small to large-sized air-breathing freshwater snails, aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the subfamily Lymnaeinae ( of the family Lymnaeidae, the pond snails.Bouchet, P.; Rosenberg, G. (2013). Lymnaea Lamarck, 1799. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=160345 on 2013-06-06 Some species are used in aquaculture under the name Melantho snails. Numerous ''Lymnaea'' species serve as intermediate hosts for trematodes. ''Lymnaea'' is the type genus of the family Lymnaeidae. Species Species within the genus ''Lymnaea'' include: * † ''Lymnaea acuminata'' Brongniart, 1810 * † '' Lymnaea acuta'' Repelin, 1902 * † ''Lymnaea aequalis'' Serres, 1818 * † '' Lymnaea alamosensis'' Arnold, 1908 * † ''Lymnaea antiqua'' Brongniart, 1810 * † ''Lymnaea aptensis'' Matheron, 1861 * † '' Lymnaea ativuncula'' White, 1886 * † '' Lymnaea bertschingeri'' Maillard, 1892 * † ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lymnaea Stagnalis
''Lymnaea stagnalis'', better known as the great pond snail, is a species of large air-breathing freshwater snail, an aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Lymnaeidae. The great pond snail is a model organism to study parasitology, neurology, embryonal development and genetic regulation. ''Limnaea stagnalis'' var. ''baltica'' Lindström, 1868: synonym of ''Lymnaea stagnalis'' (Linnaeus, 1758) Distribution The distribution of this species is holarctic, mainly the temperate zones of Northern America, Europe and Asia. The snail can be found in many ponds, lakes and very slow-moving rivers with a rich underwater vegetation. The northernmost populations exist in northern Norway, and in Central Europe, it inhabits even montane ecosystems at 1700 meters above sea level. In the ''Saprobiensystem'' used in Germany to judge the quality of freshwater biotopes, the species has a value of 1.9 and indicates a biotope with a water quality class II, the second-highest. Shell For ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Idiopoma Doliaris
''Idiopoma doliaris'' is a species of large freshwater snail with a gill and an operculum, an aquatic gastropod mollusk in the family Viviparidae. Distribution This species is found in Myanmar and in Thailand Thailand ( ), historically known as Siam () and officially the Kingdom of Thailand, is a country in Southeast Asia, located at the centre of the Indochinese Peninsula, spanning , with a population of almost 70 million. The country is bo .... Description The width of the shell is 26 mm. The height of the shell is 35 mm. Kobelt W. (1909). "Die Gattung ''Paludina'' Lam. (''Vivipara'' Montfort) (Neue Folge). In Abbildungen nach der Natur mit Beschreibungen". ''Systematisches Conchylien-Cabinet von Martini und Chemnitz'', Nürnberg, 1(21a): pp97430, plates 15-77pages 145146table 29 fig. 4-5. References Viviparidae {{Viviparidae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Filopaludina
''Filopaludina'' is a genus of freshwater snails with a gill and an operculum, aquatic gastropod mollusks in the family Viviparidae.Bouchet, P. (2014). Filopaludina Habe, 1964. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=827276 on 2014-12-09 Distribution The indigenous distribution of ''Filopaludina'' includes Southeast Asia. Species Species within the genus ''Filopaludina'' are within two subgenera and they include: subgenus '' Siamopaludina'' Brandt, 1968 * '' Filopaludina javanica'' (von dem Busch, 1844)Kittivorachate R. & Yangyuen C. (2004). "Molluscs in the Ubolratana Reservoir, Khon Kaen". '' Kasetsart Journal'' (Nat. Sci.) 38: 131-139PDF * '' Filopaludina maekoki'' (Brandt, 1968) * ''Filopaludina martensi'' (Frauenfeld, 1865) ** ''Filopaludina martensi cambodiensis'' Brandt, 1974 ** ''Filopaludina martensi martensi'' (Frauenfeld, 1865) ** ''Filopaludina martensi munensis'' Brandt, 1974 subgenus ''Fi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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