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Echinaria (brachiopod)
''Echinaria'' is an extinct genus of brachiopods which lived during the Upper Carboniferous and Lower Permian periods. Its fossils have been found in Eurasia, North America and northern South America. Description Like other echinoconchids, ''Echinaria'' had thin, recumbent spines arranged in concentric bands on both valves, as well as a corpus with a planoconvex profile and deep cavity. Members of this genus had cardinal ridges and an elongated outline which widened anteriorly. ''Echinaria'' are medium to large-sized echinoconchids, and while notably larger than ''Echinoconchus ''Echinoconchus'' is an extinct genus of brachiopods which lived during the Lower Carboniferous period. The genus was abundant and had a cosmopolitan distribution. Description Like other echinoconchids, ''Echinoconchus'' had thin, recumbent spin ...'', many similarities are observed between the two genera and they are placed in the same subfamily. Classification Leighton & Maples (2002) conducted m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Genus
Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family (taxonomy), family. In binomial nomenclature, the genus name forms the first part of the binomial species name for each species within the genus. :E.g. ''Panthera leo'' (lion) and ''Panthera onca'' (jaguar) are two species within the genus ''Panthera''. ''Panthera'' is a genus within the family Felidae. The composition of a genus is determined by taxonomy (biology), taxonomists. The standards for genus classification are not strictly codified, so different authorities often produce different classifications for genera. There are some general practices used, however, including the idea that a newly defined genus should fulfill these three criteria to be descriptively useful: # monophyly – all descendants ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pulchratia
''Pulchratia'' is an extinct genus of brachiopods which lived in marine habitats during the Upper Carboniferous period. Its fossils have been found in North America. Description Like other echinoconchids, ''Pulchratia'' had recumbent spines arranged in irregular concentric bands, with the spines of this genus being mostly uniform in size and not having strong bases. It also has long lateral ridges which diverge from the hinge line. In these conditions it differs from the related '' Parajuresania'', which has thicker posterior spines than anterior spines, and short cardinal ridges that parallel the hinge line, but otherwise the two genera are very similar. The buttress plates of ''Pulchratia'' are convergent, weak or entirely lost in adult specimens, while the lateral ridges are slightly divergent from the hinge. Distribution Fossil remains of ''Pulchratia'' are not known outside of North America, suggesting the genus may have been endemic to the continent. Remains of ''Pulchr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pustula (brachiopod)
''Pustula'' is an extinct genus of brachiopods which lived during the Carboniferous period. It is the type genus of the subfamily Pustulinae. Its fossils have been found in Eurasia Eurasia (, ) is the largest continental area on Earth, comprising all of Europe and Asia. Primarily in the Northern and Eastern Hemispheres, it spans from the British Isles and the Iberian Peninsula in the west to the Japanese archipelago a ..., North America and northern Africa. Description Members of the genus ''Pustula'' had a subrectangular outline with a weak ventral sulcus, minimal trails and dorsal median folds. Like other echinoconchids, they had recumbent spines arranged in irregular concentric bands, with ''Pustula'' having elongated spine bases and weak spine differentiation. The dorsal face of this brachiopod was trifid, and the cardinal process was narrow. Marginal ridges and cardinal process pits are absent in this genus, while the cardinal ridges diminished towards the ears ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Antiquatonia
''Antiquatonia'' is an extinct genus of brachiopod belonging to the order Productida and family Productidae. Specimens have been found in Carboniferous beds across many continents, suggesting the genus had a cosmopolitan distribution. Species level taxonomy of ''Antiquatonia'' is in need of revision. Description Like other members of Productinae, ''Antiquatonia'' had a deep corpus cavity, a geniculate profile with long trails, and well-developed marginal structures such as ear baffles. This genus had thick, halteroid ventral spines. The ears were flanked by a ridge of ventral spines, with complimentary internal lateral ridges. Classification Muir-Wood & Cooper (1960) placed ''Antiquatonia'' in the subfamily Dictyoclostinae, though later analyses would find it to belong in Productinae instead. Leighton & Maples (2002) conducted multiple phylogenetic analyses which are strongly in agreement that ''Antiquatonia'' forms a clade with ''Diaphragmus ''Diaphragmus'' is an extinc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Diaphragmus
''Diaphragmus'' is an extinct genus of brachiopod belonging to the order Productida and family Linoproductidae. Specimens have been found in Carboniferous The Carboniferous ( ) is a geologic period and system of the Paleozoic that spans 60 million years from the end of the Devonian Period million years ago ( Mya), to the beginning of the Permian Period, million years ago. The name ''Carbonifero ... beds in North America. Classification Leighton & Maples (2002) conducted multiple phylogenetic analyses which are strongly in agreement that the four subfamilies Buxtoniinae, Echinoconchinae, Pustulinae and Juresaniinae form the family Echinoconchidae. The results of their phylogenetic analyses are displayed in the cladogram below: Species *''D. elegans'' Norwood and Pratten *''D. nivosus'' Gordon 1975 References Paleozoic animals Productida {{Brachiopod-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
