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Dryptosauridae
Eutyrannosauria is a clade of tyrannosauroid theropods whose distribution has been found in what is now Asia and North America. The clade consists of an evolutionary grade of tyrannosaurs such as '' Appalachiosaurus'', ''Dryptosaurus'', and '' Bistahieversor'' which led up to the family Tyrannosauridae Tyrannosauridae (or tyrannosaurids, meaning "tyrant lizards") is a family of coelurosaurian theropod dinosaurs that comprises two subfamilies containing up to thirteen genera, including the eponymous ''Tyrannosaurus''. The exact number of genera .... The group was named in 2018 by Delcourt and Grillo in their paper about possible southern hemisphere tyrannosauroids and the phylogeography of tyrannosaurs. Classification Below is a phylogeographic cladogram of Eutyrannosauria after Voris ''et al.'' (2020): References Tyrannosaurs {{Theropod-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tyrannosauroidea
Tyrannosauroidea (meaning 'tyrant lizard forms') is a superfamily (or clade) of coelurosaurian theropod dinosaurs that includes the family Tyrannosauridae as well as more basal relatives. Tyrannosauroids lived on the Laurasian supercontinent beginning in the Jurassic Period. By the end of the Cretaceous Period, tyrannosauroids were the dominant large predators in the Northern Hemisphere, culminating in the gigantic ''Tyrannosaurus''. Fossils of tyrannosauroids have been recovered on what are now the continents of North America, Europe and Asia, with fragmentary remains possibly attributable to tyrannosaurs also known from South America and Australia. Tyrannosauroids were bipedal carnivores, as were most theropods, and were characterized by numerous synapomorphy, skeletal features, especially of the skull and pelvis. Early in their existence, tyrannosauroids were small predators with long, three-fingered forelimbs. Late Cretaceous genera became much larger, including some of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dryptosaurus
''Dryptosaurus'' ( ) is a genus of tyrannosauroid that lived approximately 67 million years ago (mya) during the latter part of the Cretaceous period, New Jersey. ''Dryptosaurus'' was a large, bipedal, ground-dwelling carnivore, that grow up to long and weigh up to . Although largely unknown now outside of academic circles, a famous painting of the genus by Charles R. Knight made ''Dryptosaurus'' one of the more widely known dinosaurs of its time, in spite of its poor fossil record. First described by Edward Drinker Cope in 1866 and later renamed by Othniel C. Marsh in 1877, ''Dryptosaurus'' is among the first theropod dinosaurs known to science. Discovery and species Prior to the discovery of ''Dryptosaurus'' in 1866, New World theropods were known only from some isolated theropod teeth discovered in Montana by Joseph Leidy in 1856. The discovery of this genus gave North American paleontologists the opportunity to observe an articulated, albeit incomplete, theropod skeleton. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dryptosaurus Aquilunguis
''Dryptosaurus'' ( ) is a genus of tyrannosauroid that lived approximately 67 million years ago (mya) during the latter part of the Cretaceous period, New Jersey. ''Dryptosaurus'' was a large, bipedal, ground-dwelling carnivore, that grow up to long and weigh up to . Although largely unknown now outside of academic circles, a famous painting of the genus by Charles R. Knight made ''Dryptosaurus'' one of the more widely known dinosaurs of its time, in spite of its poor fossil record. First described by Edward Drinker Cope in 1866 and later renamed by Othniel C. Marsh in 1877, ''Dryptosaurus'' is among the first theropod dinosaurs known to science. Discovery and species Prior to the discovery of ''Dryptosaurus'' in 1866, New World theropods were known only from some isolated theropod teeth discovered in Montana by Joseph Leidy in 1856. The discovery of this genus gave North American paleontologists the opportunity to observe an articulated, albeit incomplete, theropod skeleton ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alioramus Altai
''Alioramus'' (; meaning 'different branch') is a genus of tyrannosaurid theropod dinosaurs from the Late Cretaceous period of Asia. It currently contains two species. The type species, ''A. remotus'' is known from a partial skull and three foot bones recovered from the Mongolian Nemegt Formation, which was deposited in a humid floodplain about 70 million years ago. These remains were named and described by Soviet paleontologist Sergei Kurzanov in 1976. A second species, ''A. altai'', known from a much more complete skeleton also from the Nemegt Formation, was named and described by Stephen L. Brusatte and colleagues in 2009. Its relationships to other tyrannosaurid genera were at first unclear, with some evidence supporting a hypothesis that ''Alioramus'' was closely related to the contemporary species ''Tarbosaurus bataar''. However, the discovery of ''Qianzhousaurus'' indicates that it belongs to a distinct branch of tyrannosaurs, namely the tribe Alioramini. ''Alioramu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alioramini
Alioramini is a tribe of long-snouted tyrannosaurine tyrannosaurids from the Late Cretaceous epoch. It includes the tyrannosaurid genera ''Alioramus'' and '' Qianzhousaurus''. Although tyrannosaurids are known from a variety of places around the globe, alioramins are currently restricted to Asia in mostly Maastrichtian strata. Alioramins were medium-sized tyrannosaurids, reaching around in length. Their snouts were much shallower and gracile than other tyrannosaurids, such as the massive ''Tarbosaurus'' or ''Tyrannosaurus''. Most notably, their nasal bones were ornamented with a series of rugose, pointy bumps on its top surface. The tribe Alioramini was first coined in 1995 by George Olshevsky only to contain the at-the-time uncertain ''Alioramus''. In 2014 the tribe was formally defined as a clade-based branch containing all tyrannosaurids more related to ''Alioramus'' than to ''Albertosaurus'', ''Proceratosaurus'', and ''Tyrannosaurus''. Hence, the tribe Alioramini consists of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Qianzhousaurus Sinensis
''Qianzhousaurus'' (meaning "Qianzhou lizard") is a genus of tyrannosaurid dinosaurs that lived in Asia during the Late Cretaceous period. There is currently only one species named, the type species ''Qianzhousaurus sinensis'' which is a member of the tribe Alioramini within the group, and most closely related to ''Alioramus'', another alioramin. History of discovery The holotype specimen, GM F10004, was unearthed in southern China, Ganzhou, at the Nanxiong Formation in the summer of 2010 during the construction of an industrial park and it was first described by paleontologists Junchang Lü, Laiping Yi, Stephen L. Brusatte, Ling Yang, Hua Li and Liu Chen in the journal ''Nature Communications'' in 2014. The genus is known from a partial sub-adult individual consisting of a nearly complete skull with the lower jaws missing all teeth (lost during fossilization), 9 cervical vertebrae, 3 dorsal vertebrae, 18 caudal vertebrae, both scapulocoracoids, partial ilia, and the l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cartography Of Asia
The cartography of Asia can refer to the representation of Asia on a map, or to depictions of the world by cartographers from Asia. Depictions of portions of Asia have existed on maps as early as the 6th century BCE, with maps being drafted to depict the Babylonian, Hellenistic Greek, and Han dynasty empires. During the Middle Ages, Muslim geographers drew maps with more accurate depictions of Southern, Western, and Central Asia, and European maps began to more frequently represent Asia's landmass. Chinese geography from this period includes more detailed portrayals of the Indian Ocean, Arabian Peninsula, and East Africa. European maps of Asia would become much more accurate during the European Age of Discovery, starting in the 15th century. Modern maps of Asia make use of digitization, photographic surveys, and satellite imagery. Antiquity Babylon in Southwest Asia is at the center of the very earliest world maps, beginning with the Babylonian world map in the 6th century BC ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alioramus Remotus
''Alioramus'' (; meaning 'different branch') is a genus of tyrannosaurid theropod dinosaurs from the Late Cretaceous period of Asia. It currently contains two species. The type species, ''A. remotus'' is known from a partial skull and three foot bones recovered from the Mongolian Nemegt Formation, which was deposited in a humid floodplain about 70 million years ago. These remains were named and described by Soviet paleontologist Sergei Kurzanov in 1976. A second species, ''A. altai'', known from a much more complete skeleton also from the Nemegt Formation, was named and described by Stephen L. Brusatte and colleagues in 2009. Its relationships to other tyrannosaurid genera were at first unclear, with some evidence supporting a hypothesis that ''Alioramus'' was closely related to the contemporary species ''Tarbosaurus bataar''. However, the discovery of '' Qianzhousaurus'' indicates that it belongs to a distinct branch of tyrannosaurs, namely the tribe Alioramini. ''Alior ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Late Cretaceous
The Late Cretaceous (100.5–66 Ma) is the younger of two epochs into which the Cretaceous Period is divided in the geologic time scale. Rock strata from this epoch form the Upper Cretaceous Series. The Cretaceous is named after ''creta'', the Latin word for the white limestone known as chalk. The chalk of northern France and the white cliffs of south-eastern England date from the Cretaceous Period. Climate During the Late Cretaceous, the climate was warmer than present, although throughout the period a cooling trend is evident. The tropics became restricted to equatorial regions and northern latitudes experienced markedly more seasonal climatic conditions. Geography Due to plate tectonics, the Americas were gradually moving westward, causing the Atlantic Ocean to expand. The Western Interior Seaway divided North America into eastern and western halves; Appalachia and Laramidia. India maintained a northward course towards Asia. In the Southern Hemisphere, Australia and Ant ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Teratophoneus Curriei
''Teratophoneus'' ("monstrous murderer"; Greek: ''teras'', "monster" and ''phoneus'', "murderer") is a genus of tyrannosaurid dinosaur which lived during the late Cretaceous period (late Campanian age, about 77 to 76 million years ago) in what is now Utah, United States, containing a single known species, ''T. curriei''. It is known from an incomplete skull and postcranial skeleton recovered from the Kaiparowits Formation. It was specifically named ''T. curriei'' in honor of Philip J. Currie. Discovery and naming Fossils of ''Teratophoneus'' were first found in the Kaiparowits Formation of southern Utah. Later, fossils from the same formation were discovered and identified as the genus. Argon-argon radiometric dating indicates that the Kaiparowits Formation was deposited between 76.1 and 74.0 million years ago, during the Campanian stage of the Late Cretaceous period. This date means that ''Teratophoneus'' lived in the middle of the Campanian stage of the Late Cretaceous. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tyrannosaurinae
The tyrannosaurines (Tyrannosaurinae) is an extinct subfamily of Tyrannosauridae a family of coelurosaurian theropod dinosaurs that consists of at least three tribes and several genera. All fossils of these genera have been found in the Late Cretaceous deposits of western North America and east Asia. Compare to the related subfamily Albertosaurinae, tyrannosaurines overall are more robust and larger though the alioramins were gracile by comparison. This subfamily also includes the oldest known tyrannosaurid genus ''Lythronax'' as well as the youngest and most famous member of the group, ''Tyrannosaurus rex''. History of discovery The first remains of tyrannosaurids were uncovered during expeditions led by the Geological Survey of Canada, which located numerous scattered teeth. These distinctive dinosaur teeth were given the name ''Deinodon'' ("terrible tooth") by Joseph Leidy in 1856. In 1892 Edward Drinker Cope described more tyrannosaur material in the form of isolated vertebra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lythronax Argestes
''Lythronax'' () is a genus of tyrannosaurid dinosaur that lived in North America around 81.9-81.5 million years ago during the Late Cretaceous period. The only known specimen was discovered in Utah in the Wahweap Formation of the Grand Staircase–Escalante National Monument in 2009, and it consists of a partial skull and skeleton. In 2013, it became the basis of the new genus and species ''Lythronax argestes''; the generic name ''Lythronax'' means "gore king", and the specific name ''argestes'' originates from the Greek poet Homer's name for the wind from the southwest, in reference to the specimen's geographic provenance in North America. Size estimates for ''Lythronax'' have ranged between in length, and between in weight. It was a heavily built tyrannosaurid, and as a member of that group, it would have had small, two-fingered forelimbs, strong hindlimbs, and a very robust skull. The rear part of the skull of ''Lythronax'' appears to have been very broad, with eye socket ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
