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Tyrannosaurinae
The tyrannosaurines (Tyrannosaurinae) is an extinct subfamily of Tyrannosauridae a family of coelurosaurian theropod dinosaurs that consists of at least three tribes and several genera. All fossils of these genera have been found in the Late Cretaceous deposits of western North America and east Asia. Compare to the related subfamily Albertosaurinae, tyrannosaurines overall are more robust and larger though the alioramins were gracile by comparison. This subfamily also includes the oldest known tyrannosaurid genus ''Lythronax'' as well as the youngest and most famous member of the group, ''Tyrannosaurus rex''. History of discovery The first remains of tyrannosaurids were uncovered during expeditions led by the Geological Survey of Canada, which located numerous scattered teeth. These distinctive dinosaur teeth were given the name ''Deinodon'' ("terrible tooth") by Joseph Leidy in 1856. In 1892 Edward Drinker Cope described more tyrannosaur material in the form of isolated vertebra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tyrannosauridae
Tyrannosauridae (or tyrannosaurids, meaning "tyrant lizards") is a family of coelurosaurian theropod dinosaurs that comprises two subfamilies containing up to thirteen genera, including the eponymous ''Tyrannosaurus''. The exact number of genera is controversial, with some experts recognizing as few as three. All of these animals lived near the end of the Cretaceous Period and their fossils have been found only in North America and Asia. Although descended from smaller ancestors, tyrannosaurids were almost always the largest predators in their respective ecosystems, putting them at the apex of the food chain. The largest species was ''Tyrannosaurus rex'', one of the largest and most massive known land predators, which measured over in length and according to most modern estimates to in weight. Tyrannosaurids were bipedal carnivores with massive skulls filled with large teeth. Despite their large size, their legs were long and proportioned for fast movement. In contrast, their ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lythronax
''Lythronax'' () is a genus of tyrannosaurid dinosaur that lived in North America around 81.9-81.5 million years ago during the Late Cretaceous period. The only known specimen was discovered in Utah in the Wahweap Formation of the Grand Staircase–Escalante National Monument in 2009, and it consists of a partial skull and skeleton. In 2013, it became the basis of the new genus and species ''Lythronax argestes''; the generic name ''Lythronax'' means "gore king", and the specific name ''argestes'' originates from the Greek poet Homer's name for the wind from the southwest, in reference to the specimen's geographic provenance in North America. Size estimates for ''Lythronax'' have ranged between in length, and between in weight. It was a heavily built tyrannosaurid, and as a member of that group, it would have had small, two-fingered forelimbs, strong hindlimbs, and a very robust skull. The rear part of the skull of ''Lythronax'' appears to have been very broad, with eye socket ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alioramus
''Alioramus'' (; meaning 'different branch') is a genus of tyrannosaurid theropod dinosaurs from the Late Cretaceous period of Asia. It currently contains two species. The type species, ''A. remotus'' is known from a partial skull and three foot bones recovered from the Mongolian Nemegt Formation, which was deposited in a humid floodplain about 70 million years ago. These remains were named and described by Soviet paleontologist Sergei Kurzanov in 1976. A second species, ''A. altai'', known from a much more complete skeleton also from the Nemegt Formation, was named and described by Stephen L. Brusatte and colleagues in 2009. Its relationships to other tyrannosaurid genera were at first unclear, with some evidence supporting a hypothesis that ''Alioramus'' was closely related to the contemporary species ''Tarbosaurus bataar''. However, the discovery of ''Qianzhousaurus'' indicates that it belongs to a distinct branch of tyrannosaurs, namely the tribe Alioramini. ''Alioramu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tyrannosaurus
''Tyrannosaurus'' is a genus of large theropoda, theropod dinosaur. The species ''Tyrannosaurus rex'' (''rex'' meaning "king" in Latin), often called ''T. rex'' or colloquially ''T-Rex'', is one of the best represented theropods. ''Tyrannosaurus'' lived throughout what is now western North America, on what was then an island continent known as Laramidia. ''Tyrannosaurus'' had a much wider range than other Tyrannosauridae, tyrannosaurids. Fossils are found in a variety of geologic formation, rock formations dating to the Maastrichtian Age (geology), age of the Upper Cretaceous Period (geology), period, 68 to 66 mya (unit), million years ago. It was the last known member of the tyrannosaurids and among the last non-aves, avian dinosaurs to exist before the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event. Like other tyrannosaurids, ''Tyrannosaurus'' was a bipedal carnivore with a massive skull balanced by a long, heavy tail. Relative to its large and powerful hind limbs, the foreli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tyrannosaurus Rex
''Tyrannosaurus'' is a genus of large theropod dinosaur. The species ''Tyrannosaurus rex'' (''rex'' meaning "king" in Latin), often called ''T. rex'' or colloquially ''T-Rex'', is one of the best represented theropods. ''Tyrannosaurus'' lived throughout what is now western North America, on what was then an island continent known as Laramidia. ''Tyrannosaurus'' had a much wider range than other tyrannosaurids. Fossils are found in a variety of rock formations dating to the Maastrichtian age of the Upper Cretaceous period, 68 to 66 million years ago. It was the last known member of the tyrannosaurids and among the last non-avian dinosaurs to exist before the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event. Like other tyrannosaurids, ''Tyrannosaurus'' was a bipedal carnivore with a massive skull balanced by a long, heavy tail. Relative to its large and powerful hind limbs, the forelimbs of ''Tyrannosaurus'' were short but unusually powerful for their size, and they had two clawed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dynamoterror
''Dynamoterror'' (meaning "powerful terror") is a monospecific genus of tyrannosaurid dinosaur from New Mexico that lived during the Late Cretaceous (lower Campanian stage, 78 Ma) in what is now the upper Allison Member of the Menefee Formation. The type and only species, ''Dynamoterror dynastes'', is known from a subadult or adult individual about 9 metres (30 feet) long with an incomplete associated skeleton. It was named in 2018 by Andrew T. McDonald, Douglas G. Wolfe and Alton C. Dooley, Jr. ''Dynamoterror'' was closely related to ''Teratophoneus'' and ''Lythronax''. Discovery In August 2012, a partial skeleton of a tyrannosaurid was discovered, and later collected, from the Lower Campanian Allison Member of the Menefee Formation in the San Juan Basin of northwestern New Mexico. The remains were found by geology students Brian Watkins and Eric Gutiérrez on an expedition led by Andrew McDonald of the Western Science Center, and Douglas Wolfe, the CEO of the Zuni Dinosaur I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tarbosaurus
''Tarbosaurus'' ( ; meaning "alarming lizard") is a genus of tyrannosaurid dinosaur that flourished in Asia about 70 million years ago, at the end of the Late Cretaceous Period, considered to contain a single known species, ''Tarbosaurus bataar''. Fossils have been recovered from the Nemegt Formation of Mongolia, with more fragmentary remains found further afield in the Subashi Formation of China. Although many species have been named, modern paleontologists recognize only one, ''T. bataar'', as valid. Some experts see this species as an Asian representative of the North American genus ''Tyrannosaurus''; this would make the genus ''Tarbosaurus'' redundant. ''Tarbosaurus'' and ''Tyrannosaurus'', if not synonymous, are considered to be at least closely related genera. ''Alioramus'', also from Mongolia, has previously been thought by some authorities to be the closest relative of ''Tarbosaurus'', though this has since been disproven with the discovery of '' Qianzhousaurus'' and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Teratophoneus
''Teratophoneus'' ("monstrous murderer"; Greek: ''teras'', "monster" and ''phoneus'', "murderer") is a genus of tyrannosaurid dinosaur which lived during the late Cretaceous period (late Campanian age, about 77 to 76 million years ago) in what is now Utah, United States, containing a single known species, ''T. curriei''. It is known from an incomplete skull and postcranial skeleton recovered from the Kaiparowits Formation. It was specifically named ''T. curriei'' in honor of Philip J. Currie. Discovery and naming Fossils of ''Teratophoneus'' were first found in the Kaiparowits Formation of southern Utah. Later, fossils from the same formation were discovered and identified as the genus. Argon-argon radiometric dating indicates that the Kaiparowits Formation was deposited between 76.1 and 74.0 million years ago, during the Campanian stage of the Late Cretaceous period. This date means that ''Teratophoneus'' lived in the middle of the Campanian stage of the Late Cretaceous. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Albertosaurinae
Albertosaurines, or dinosaurs of the subfamily Albertosaurinae, lived in the Late Cretaceous of United States and Canada. The subfamily was first used by Philip J. Currie, Jørn H. Hurum and Karol Sabath as a group of tyrannosaurid dinosaurs. It was originally defined as "(''Albertosaurus'' + ''Gorgosaurus'')", including only the two genera. The group is sister clade to Tyrannosaurinae. In 2007, it was found that the group also contained '' Maleevosaurus'', often synonymized with ''Tarbosaurus''. However, this classification has not been accepted, and '' Maleevosaurus'' is still considered a juvenile ''Tarbosaurus'' or ''Tyrannosaurus''. Description Albertosaurines are large, lightly built tyrannosaurids. Compared to tyrannosaurines, they are lightly built, have shorter, flatter skulls, had shorter ilia, and had proportionally longer tibiae. Albertosaurines and tyrannosaurines share arms or about equal length, with the exception of ''Tarbosaurus'', which had sh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Daspletosaurini
Daspletosaurini is an extinct clade of tyrannosaurine dinosaurs that lived in Laramidia during the Late Cretaceous (Middle Campanian) period. It consists of two genera: ''Daspletosaurus'' and ''Thanatotheristes''. Four species have been described in the two genera, namely ''Daspletosaurus torosus'', ''Daspletosaurus horneri'', ''Daspletosaurus wilsoni'', and ''Thanatotheristes degrootorum''. At one point all of them were assigned as specimens of ''D. torosus'', but several papers since 2017 have found them to represent distinct species. These studies found anagenesis in the group, whether contained in a daspletosaurin clade or paraphyletic in respect to the linage of tyrannosaurines leading up to ''Tyrannosaurus''. Description Daspletosaurins were large predators, reaching around in length. However, they were not the largest tyrannosaurids, as more derived taxa, such as ''Tyrannosaurus'', could reach lengths of more than . Daspletosaurini is diagnosed by characteristics such as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Manospondylus
''Tyrannosaurus'' is a genus of large theropod dinosaur. The species ''Tyrannosaurus rex'' (''rex'' meaning "king" in Latin), often called ''T. rex'' or colloquially ''T-Rex'', is one of the best represented theropods. ''Tyrannosaurus'' lived throughout what is now western North America, on what was then an island continent known as Laramidia. ''Tyrannosaurus'' had a much wider range than other tyrannosaurids. Fossils are found in a variety of rock formations dating to the Maastrichtian age of the Upper Cretaceous period, 68 to 66 million years ago. It was the last known member of the tyrannosaurids and among the last non-avian dinosaurs to exist before the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event. Like other tyrannosaurids, ''Tyrannosaurus'' was a bipedal carnivore with a massive skull balanced by a long, heavy tail. Relative to its large and powerful hind limbs, the forelimbs of ''Tyrannosaurus'' were short but unusually powerful for their size, and they had two clawed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
