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Diplorickettsia Massiliensis
''Diplorickettsia massiliensis'' species is an obligate intracellular, gram negative bacterium isolated from Ixodes ricinus ticks collected in Slovak republic forest geographically from southeastern part of Rovinka in 2006.Mediannikov, O., et al.A novel obligate intracellular gamma-proteobacterium associated with ixodid ticks, Diplorickettsia massiliensis, Gen. Nov., Sp. Nov.''PLOS ONE'', 2010. 5(7): p. e11478. They belong to the gammaproteobacteria class and are non endospore forming, small rods usually grouped in pairs. The bacteria are non-motile, and 16S rRNA, rpoB, parC and ftsY gene sequencing indicate that this bacterium is clearly different from all other recognized species. An initial phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA, clustered ''D. massiliensis'' with ''Rickettsiella grylli''. Because of its low 16S rDNA similarity (94%) with ''R. grylli'', it was classified as a new genus ''Diplorickettsia'' into the family ''Coxiellaceae'' and the order ''Legionellales''. ''D. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bacteria
Bacteria (; singular: bacterium) are ubiquitous, mostly free-living organisms often consisting of one biological cell. They constitute a large domain of prokaryotic microorganisms. Typically a few micrometres in length, bacteria were among the first life forms to appear on Earth, and are present in most of its habitats. Bacteria inhabit soil, water, acidic hot springs, radioactive waste, and the deep biosphere of Earth's crust. Bacteria are vital in many stages of the nutrient cycle by recycling nutrients such as the fixation of nitrogen from the atmosphere. The nutrient cycle includes the decomposition of dead bodies; bacteria are responsible for the putrefaction stage in this process. In the biological communities surrounding hydrothermal vents and cold seeps, extremophile bacteria provide the nutrients needed to sustain life by converting dissolved compounds, such as hydrogen sulphide and methane, to energy. Bacteria also live in symbiotic and parasitic relationsh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Slovakia
Slovakia (; sk, Slovensko ), officially the Slovak Republic ( sk, Slovenská republika, links=no ), is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It is bordered by Poland to the north, Ukraine to the east, Hungary to the south, Austria to the southwest, and the Czech Republic to the northwest. Slovakia's mostly mountainous territory spans about , with a population of over 5.4 million. The capital and largest city is Bratislava, while the second largest city is Košice. The Slavs arrived in the territory of present-day Slovakia in the fifth and sixth centuries. In the seventh century, they played a significant role in the creation of Samo's Empire. In the ninth century, they established the Principality of Nitra, which was later conquered by the Principality of Moravia to establish Great Moravia. In the 10th century, after the dissolution of Great Moravia, the territory was integrated into the Principality of Hungary, which then became the Kingdom of Hungary in 1000. In 1241 a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Diplorickettsia Massiliensis Strain 20B Bacteria Grown In XTC-2 Cells Transmission Electron Microscopy; Staining With Uranyl Acetate
''Diplorickettsia massiliensis'' species is an obligate intracellular, gram negative bacterium isolated from Ixodes ricinus ticks collected in Slovak republic forest geographically from southeastern part of Rovinka in 2006.Mediannikov, O., et al.A novel obligate intracellular gamma-proteobacterium associated with ixodid ticks, Diplorickettsia massiliensis, Gen. Nov., Sp. Nov.''PLOS ONE'', 2010. 5(7): p. e11478. They belong to the gammaproteobacteria class and are non endospore forming, small rods usually grouped in pairs. The bacteria are non-motile, and 16S rRNA, rpoB, parC and ftsY gene sequencing indicate that this bacterium is clearly different from all other recognized species. An initial phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA, clustered ''D. massiliensis'' with ''Rickettsiella grylli''. Because of its low 16S rDNA similarity (94%) with ''R. grylli'', it was classified as a new genus ''Diplorickettsia'' into the family ''Coxiellaceae'' and the order ''Legionellales''. ''D. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cytospin
A cytocentrifuge, sometimes referred to as a cytospin, is a specialized centrifuge used to concentrate cells in fluid specimens onto a microscope slide so that they can be stained and examined. Cytocentrifuges are used in various areas of the clinical laboratory, such as cytopathology, hematology and microbiology, as well as in biological research. The method can be used on many different types of specimens, including fine needle aspirates, cerebrospinal fluid, serous and synovial fluid, and urine. Procedure To prepare cytocentrifuge smears, a funnel assembly is attached to the front of a microscope slide. The surface of the funnel assembly that is in contact with the slide is lined with filter paper to absorb excess fluid. A few drops of fluid are placed in the funnel. The assembly is placed in the cytocentrifuge, which operates at a low force (600–800 x g) to preserve cellular structure. Centrifugal force pushes the fluid through the funnel's opening and concentrates the cel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Diplorickettsia Massiliensis Strain 20B Bacteria Grown In XTC-2 Cells
''Diplorickettsia massiliensis'' species is an obligate intracellular, gram negative bacterium isolated from Ixodes ricinus ticks collected in Slovak republic forest geographically from southeastern part of Rovinka in 2006.Mediannikov, O., et al.A novel obligate intracellular gamma-proteobacterium associated with ixodid ticks, Diplorickettsia massiliensis, Gen. Nov., Sp. Nov.''PLOS ONE'', 2010. 5(7): p. e11478. They belong to the gammaproteobacteria class and are non endospore forming, small rods usually grouped in pairs. The bacteria are non-motile, and 16S rRNA, rpoB, parC and ftsY gene sequencing indicate that this bacterium is clearly different from all other recognized species. An initial phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA, clustered ''D. massiliensis'' with ''Rickettsiella grylli''. Because of its low 16S rDNA similarity (94%) with ''R. grylli'', it was classified as a new genus ''Diplorickettsia'' into the family ''Coxiellaceae'' and the order ''Legionellales''. ''D. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aquicella
''Aquicella'' is a genus of Gram-negative rod-shaped cells and filaments in the family ''Coxiellaceae'' from the order ''Legionellales''. The type species of this genus is ''Aquicella lusitana.'' The name ''Aquicella'' is composed of the Latin term ''aqua'' (referring to water) and the Latin term ''cella'' (referring to a chamber, closet, or cabinet, or in biology, a cell). Together, the name ''Aquicella'' translates to a cell from water. Biochemical Characteristics and Molecular Signatures Members of this genus grow in protozoa and can be isolated from hydrothermal areas. All members are strictly aerobic, non-motile, do not produce spores and are oxidase and catalase negative. ''Aquicella'' species can grow in temperatures ranging from 30 °C to 43 °C and require a neutral pH and growth media containing activated charcoal and a-ketoglutarate. Colonies appear whitish with a pink or blue sheen. Analyses of genome sequences from ''Aquicella'' species identified six co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coxiella (bacterium)
''Coxiella'' refers to a genus of Gram-negative bacteria in the family Coxiellaceae. It is named after Herald Rea Cox (1907–1986), an American bacteriologist. It is one of the Gammaproteobacteria. ''Coxiella burnetii'' is the best known member of this genus. It is an intracellular parasite and it survives within the phagolysosomes of its host. It causes Q fever. The majority of ''Coxiella''’s described members are non pathogenic forms which are often found in ticks. Approximately two-thirds of tick species harbour ''Coxiella''-like endosymbionts required for tick survival and reproduction. Genomes of ''Coxiella''-like endosymbionts encode pathways for the biosynthesis of major B vitamins and co-factors that fit closely with the expected nutritional complements required for strict haematophagy. The experimental elimination of ''Coxiella''-like endosymbionts typically results in decreased tick survival, molting, fecundity and egg viability, as well as in physical abnormal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Inositol Monophosphatase
The enzyme Inositol phosphate-phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.25) is of the phosphodiesterase family of enzymes. It is involved in the phosphophatidylinositol signaling pathway, which affects a wide array of cell functions, including but not limited to, cell growth, apoptosis, secretion, and information processing. Inhibition of inositol monophosphatase may be key in the action of lithium in treating bipolar disorder, specifically manic depression. The catalyzed reaction: :''myo''-inositol phosphate + H2O \rightleftharpoons ''myo''-inositol + phosphate Nomenclature This enzyme belongs to the family of hydrolases, specifically those acting on phosphoric monoester bonds. The systematic name is ''myo''-inositol-phosphate phosphohydrolase. Other names in common use include: * ''myo''-inositol-1(or 4)-monophosphatase, * inositol 1-phosphatase, * L-''myo''-inositol-1-phosphate phosphatase, * ''myo''-inositol 1-phosphatase, * inositol phosphatase, * inositol monophosphate phosphatase, * i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Conserved Signature Indels
Conserved signature inserts and deletions (CSIs) in protein sequences provide an important category of molecular markers for understanding phylogenetic relationships. CSIs, brought about by rare genetic changes, provide useful phylogenetic markers that are generally of defined size and they are flanked on both sides by conserved regions to ensure their reliability. While indels can be arbitrary inserts or deletions, CSIs are defined as only those protein indels that are present within conserved regions of the protein. The CSIs that are restricted to a particular clade or group of species, generally provide good phylogenetic markers of common evolutionary descent. Due to the rarity and highly specific nature of such changes, it is less likely that they could arise independently by either convergent or parallel evolution (i.e. homoplasy) and therefore are likely to represent synapomorphy. Other confounding factors such as differences in evolutionary rates at different sites or among ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rickettsiella
''Rickettsiella'' is a genus of the family Coxiellaceae. It should not be confused with ''Rickettsia''. It is currently considered of the Gammaproteobacteria. However, its placement under Coxiellaceae instead of Legionellaceae has been challenged. Molecular Signatures and Taxonomy Members of the genera ''Rickettsiella'' and ''Diplorickettsia'' are observed to form a reliable clade in phylogenetic trees constructed from various datasets of concatenated protein sequences and 16S rRNA sequences, suggesting that they might belong to a single genus. Genomic analyses identified 12 conserved signature indels (CSIs) that are specific for this clade in the proteins inositol monophosphatase, lysyl-tRNA synthetase, elongation factor P-(R)-beta-lysine ligase, tol-Pal system beta propeller repeat protein TolB, FKBP-type peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase, response regulator transcription factor, 30S ribosomal protein S2, glycine cleavage system aminomethyltransferase GcvT, M3 family met ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gamma Proteobacteria
Gammaproteobacteria is a class of bacteria in the phylum Pseudomonadota (synonym Proteobacteria). It contains about 250 genera, which makes it the most genera-rich taxon of the Prokaryotes. Several medically, ecologically, and scientifically important groups of bacteria belong to this class. It is composed by all Gram-negative microbes and is the most phylogenetically and physiologically diverse class of Proteobacteria. These microorganisms can live in several terrestrial and marine environments, in which they play various important roles, including ''extreme environments'' such as hydrothermal vents. They generally have different shapes - rods, curved rods, cocci, spirilla, and filaments and include free living bacteria, biofilm formers, commensals and symbionts, some also have the distinctive trait of being bioluminescent. Metabolisms found in the different genera are very different; there are both aerobic and anaerobic (obligate or facultative) species, chemolithoautotroph ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Université De La Méditerranée Aix-Marseille II
The University of the Mediterranean Aix-Marseille II was a French university in the Academy of Aix and Marseille. Historically, it was part of the University of Aix-Marseille based across the communes of Aix-en-Provence and Marseille in southern France. It had 24,000 students. On 1 January 2012 it merged with the University of Provence and Paul Cézanne University to become Aix-Marseille University, the youngest, but also the largest in terms of students, budgets and staff in France. Academic programs The university is particularly strong in sciences with faculties for science ( Faculté des Sciences de Luminy), sport sciences (Faculté des Sciences du Sport), engineering ( École supérieure d'ingénieurs de Luminy) and economic science and management (Faculté des Sciences Économiques et de Gestion). The medical school comprises the faculties of Medicine, Pharmacy and Dentistry. In addition, there are a number of institutes: * Institut de Mécanique de Marseille (Institut ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
