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Drepanidini
Drepanidini is a tribe of cardueline finches containing the Hawaiian honeycreepers. It was formerly considered one of three Hawaiian honeycreeper tribes (the others being Hemignathini and Psittirostrini), and restricted to the genera ''Ciridops'', ''Drepanis'', ''Himatione'', '' Melamprosops'', and '' Palmeria'', most of which are nectarivores with brightly-colored or boldly-patterned plumage and songs containing nasal squeaks and whistles. However, as these three tribes were each para- or polyphyletic, and as Hawaiian honeycreepers are no longer treated as their own subfamily or family, Drepanidini is now typically used for all Hawaiian honeycreepers. Genera and species * Drepanidini ** Genus ''Aidemedia'' Olson & James, 1991 – straight thin bills, insectivores *** ''Aidemedia chascax'' Olson & James, 1991 – Oʻahu icterid-like gaper (prehistoric) *** ''Aidemedia lutetiae'' Olson & James, 1991 – Maui Nui icterid-like gaper (prehistoric) *** ''Aidemedia zanclops'' Ols ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hawaiian Honeycreeper
Hawaiian honeycreepers are a group of small, passerine birds endemic to Hawaii. They are closely related to the rosefinches in the genus ''Carpodacus'', but many species have evolved features unlike those present in any other finch. Their great morphological diversity is the result of adaptive radiation in an insular environment. Many have been driven to extinction since the first humans arrived in Hawaii, with extinctions increasing over the last 2 centuries following European discovery of the islands, with habitat destruction and especially invasive species being the main causes. Taxonomy Before the introduction of molecular phylogenetic techniques, the relationship of the Hawaiian honeycreepers to other bird species was controversial. The honeycreepers were sometimes categorized as a family Drepanididae,Clements, J. 2007. ''The Clements Checklist of the Birds of the World.'' 6th ed. other authorities considered them a subfamily, Drepanidinae, of Fringillidae, the finch fam ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Late Quaternary Prehistoric Birds
Late Quaternary prehistoric birds are avian taxa that became extinct during the Late Quaternary – the Holocene or Late Pleistocene – and before recorded history, or more precisely, before they could be studied alive by ornithological science. They became extinct before the period of global scientific exploration that started in the late 15th century. In other words, this list basically deals with extinctions between 40,000 BC and 1500 AD. For the purposes of this article, a "bird" is any member of the clade Neornithes, that is, any descendant of the most recent common ancestor of all currently living birds. The birds are known from their remains, which are subfossil (not fossilized, or not completely fossilized). Some are also known from folk memory, as in the case of Haast's eagle in New Zealand. As the remains are not completely fossilized, they may yield organic material for molecular analyses to provide additional clues for resolving their taxonomic affil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ciridops
''Ciridops'' is an extinct genus of Hawaiian honeycreeper species that occurred in prehistoric and historic times on the Hawaiian islands of Hawaii, Molokai, Kauai and Oahu. This genus was created in 1892 by Alfred Newton in an article published by the journal ''Nature (journal), Nature'' on the basis of the ʻula-ʻai-hawane, which was named ''Fringilla anna'' by Sanford B. Dole in 1879. The bill of these birds was strong. The culmen was arched, and the maxilla overlapped the mandible at the base. The nostrils were covered by a membrane. The wings were large and the tail was moderate with pointed rectrices. The nearest relatives might have been from the genus ''Loxops''. The ʻula-ʻai-hawane, which was last seen in 1892, is the only species that survived into historic times, three others Moloka'i ula-ai-hawane, ''Ciridops'' cf. ''anna'' from Molokai, O'ahu ula-ai-hawane, ''Ciridops'' sp. from Oahu, and the stout-legged finch (''Ciridops tenax'') from Kauai are only known from ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
George Robert Gray
George Robert Gray FRS (8 July 1808 – 6 May 1872) was an English zoologist and author, and head of the ornithological section of the British Museum, now the Natural History Museum, in London for forty-one years. He was the younger brother of the zoologist John Edward Gray and the son of the botanist Samuel Frederick Gray. George Gray's most important publication was his ''Genera of Birds'' (1844–49), illustrated by David William Mitchell and Joseph Wolf, which included 46,000 references. Biography He was born in Little Chelsea, London, to Samuel Frederick Gray, naturalist and pharmacologist, and Elizabeth (née Forfeit), his wife. He was educated at Merchant Taylor's School. Gray started at the British Museum as Assistant Keeper of the Zoology Branch in 1831. He began by cataloguing insects, and published an ''Entomology of Australia'' (1833) and contributed the entomogical section to an English edition of Georges Cuvier's ''Animal Kingdom''. Gray described many spec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kona Grosbeak
The Kona grosbeak (''Chloridops kona'') is an extinct species of Hawaiian honeycreeper. The Kona grosbeak was endemic to naio (''Myoporum sandwicense'') forests on ʻaʻā lava flows at elevations of near the Kona District on the island of Hawaii. The species was already very rare when it was first discovered, being found in only about , and was last collected in 1894. Reasons for its extinction are not very well known. The genus is known from fossils from Kauai, Oahu and Maui. It was unknown to the Native Hawaiians, and thus a name for it does not exist in the Hawaiian language. Description The Kona grosbeak, at , was a medium-sized, chunky bird. Its plumage was a dull olive green, and did not display sexual dimorphism. The bird had a large head and a giant, brownish-gray beak. Diet The Kona grosbeak was a frugivore, with a large beak adapted to break through the hard endocarp of dried naio (''Myoporum sandwicense'') fruits. It may have also taken green naio fruit and le ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Myoporum Sandwicense
''Myoporum sandwicense'', commonly known as ''naio'', bastard sandalwood or false sandalwood is a species of flowering plant in the figwort family, Scrophulariaceae. It is a tree or shrub highly variable in its form, the size and shape of its leaves, in the number of flowers in a group and in the shape of its fruit. It is endemic to Hawaii. Description ''Myoporum sandwicense'' grows as either a small tree, large tree, or dwarf shrub, depending on the elevation and conditions. As a small tree, it reaches a height of with a trunk diameter of . The largest naio have a height of and a trunk diameter of . At the tree line, naio grows as a shrub. The bark on older specimens is often dark, rough and furrowed. The leaves are arranged alternately, often crowded near the ends of the stems, mostly long, wide, elliptic to lance-shaped and with a distinct mid-vein on the lower surface. Flowers are present all year and are arranged in groups of 2 to 6 in leaf axils on stalks long. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chloridops
''Chloridops'' is an extinct genus of Hawaiian honeycreeper in the subfamily Carduelinae of the family Fringillidae. Distribution The birds were endemic to Hawaii. It comprised three species: two on the Big Island of Hawaii; and one that inhabited Kauai, Oahu, and Maui. Species The genus includes the following three species: *Kona grosbeak The Kona grosbeak (''Chloridops kona'') is an extinct species of Hawaiian honeycreeper. The Kona grosbeak was endemic to naio (''Myoporum sandwicense'') forests on ʻaʻā lava flows at elevations of near the Kona District on the island of Hawa ... (''Chloridops kona'') — extinct (1894) * Wahi grosbeak (''Chloridops wahi'') — prehistoric * King Kong grosbeak (''Chloridops regiskongi'') — prehistoric See also * * * References {{Taxonbar, from=Q291955 Hawaiian honeycreepers Endemic fauna of Hawaii Extinct birds of Hawaii Holocene extinctions Bird genera Carduelinae Higher-level bird taxa restricted to the Australasi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hoopoe-billed ʻakialoa
The hoopoe-billed ʻakialoa, (''Akialoa upupirostris''), is an extinct species of Hawaiian honeycreeper. Subfossil remains have been found of this species in the Hawaiian islands of Kauai and Oahu. The species specific name, ''upupirostris'', is derived from the Latin ''upupa'', hoopoe Hoopoes () are colourful birds found across Africa, Asia, and Europe, notable for their distinctive "crown" of feathers. Three living and one extinct species are recognized, though for many years all of the extant species were lumped as a single ..., and ''rostrum'', bill, and refers to the long sickle-shaped bill which resembles that of the hoopoe. The species was apparently slightly larger than others in its genus. A similar but smaller bird has been discovered but is as yet undescribed from the island of Maui. The species presumably became extinct after the arrival of humans in Hawaii, and is known only from the fossil record. References Hoopoe-billed Extinct birds of Hawaii Biota of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lesser ʻakialoa
The lesser ʻakialoa (''Akialoa obscura'') was a species of finch in the family Fringillidae. It was endemic to the island of Hawaii. It became extinct due to habitat loss Habitat destruction (also termed habitat loss and habitat reduction) is the process by which a natural habitat becomes incapable of supporting its native species. The organisms that previously inhabited the site are displaced or dead, thereby .... It disappeared at around the same time as its Oahu cousin. Description It was a yellowish bird with a two-inch-long thin whitish-yellow bill. It had small olive green wings which it used to flit from tree to tree to look for insects like beetles and caterpillars. Behavior It was seen gleaning the trees in search of insects. The bill of the akialoa was also designed for more than bug extraction. The akialoa also fed on nectar in the flowers of lobeliads and o’hia blossoms. Its long bill could easily fit into petals of long flowers and took pollen from fl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jean Cabanis
Jean Louis Cabanis (8 March 1816 – 20 February 1906) was a German ornithologist. Cabanis was born in Berlin to an old Huguenot family who had moved from France. Little is known of his early life. He studied at the University of Berlin from 1835 to 1839, and then travelled to North America, returning in 1841 with a large natural history collection. He was assistant and later director of the Natural History Museum of Berlin (which was at the time the Berlin University Museum), taking over from Martin Lichtenstein. He founded the ''Journal für Ornithologie'' in 1853, editing it for the next forty-one years, when he was succeeded by his son-in-law Anton Reichenow. He died in Friedrichshagen. A number of birds are named after him, including Cabanis's bunting ''Emberiza cabanisi'', Cabanis's spinetail ''Synallaxis cabanisi'', Azure-rumped tanager The azure-rumped tanager or Cabanis's tanager (''Poecilostreptus cabanisi'') is a species of bird in the family Thraupidae. It ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kauaʻi ʻakialoa
The Kauai ʻakialoa (''Akialoa stejnegeri'') was a Hawaiian honeycreeper in the subfamily Carduelinae of the family Fringillidae. It was endemic to the island of Kauai, Hawaii. It became extinct in the 20th century due to introduced avian disease and habitat loss. The Kauai ʻakialoa was about seven and a half inches in length and had a very long downcurved bill, which covered one third of its length. The adult males were bright olive-yellow on top and yellow on the bottom. The throat, breast, and sides of the body were olive-yellow. The females, however, were green-gray above and had a shorter bill. Habitat and behavior The Kauai ʻakialoa was believed to have lived in forests above above sea level, but was frequently observed flying to the lower elevations of the island. This once very rare and unique bird used its long curved bill to reach the nectar of ''lobelias'' and '' ʻohiʻa'' blossoms. It also ate insects from under tree bark and from under mats of lichens and moss ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scott Barchard Wilson
Scott Barchard Wilson (1865–1923) was a British people, British ornithologist and explorer. Wilson was the son of the chemist George Fergusson Wilson. In 1887, he was sent by his professor Alfred Newton to study and collect birds in Hawaii. On his return he wrote ''Aves Hawaiienses'' (1890-1899) with Arthur Humble Evans, illustrated by Frederick William Frohawk. References * Fuller, Errol (2000): ''Extinct Birds, 2nd edition''. Oxford University Press, Oxford. Notes 1865 births 1923 deaths British ornithologists {{UK-ornithologist-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
