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Dionycha (plant)
The Dionycha are a clade of spiders (Araneomorphae:Entelegynae), characterized by the possession of two tarsal claws with tufts of hairs (setae) beside them, which produce strong adhesion, enabling some species to climb glass. The Circumscription (taxonomy), circumscription of the group has varied widely; a 2021 analysis resulted in about 20 families, including Salticidae (jumping spiders), Gnaphosidae (ground spiders), and Clubionidae. The Dionycha are considered to be a subgroup of the larger RTA clade. Most species hunt their prey instead of building webs. There are no cribellate members in the Dionycha.Griswold ''et al.'' 1999 Today it is thought that the reduction of the third claw present in ancestral spiders evolved several times independently, so this alone is not a criterion that defines the clade. Families In 2021, a group of several spider taxonomists published a major study of the phylogeny of Dionycha, using genetic and phenotypic data. It included the families lis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marpissa Muscosa
''Marpissa muscosa'' is a species of jumping spider. On average, females have body length ranging from 7.5–14mm, whereas males have a body length ranging from 6–8.1mm. Both sexes are coloured grey to brown. The whole spider has a furry appearance and is flattened in shape. The species builds a kind of nest under the bark of dead trees. Up to 100 of these nests can occur side by side. As other species of ''Marpissa'' spiders, it demonstrates a social hierarchy: weaker animals will acknowledge their inferiority by strutting their front legs and slowly retreating from the scene. Early environmental conditions shape personality types in the developing spiders.Jannis Liedtke, Daniel Redekop, Jutta M. Schneider, Wiebke Schuett: ''Early environmental conditions shape personality types in a jumping spider.'' In: Ann V. Hedrick: ''The Development of Animal Personality'', Frontiers Research Topics, Frontiers Media SA, vol. 3, Dec 2015, article 134, , , . Distribution ''Marpissa musco ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Liocranidae
Liocranidae is a family of araneomorph spiders first described by Eugène Simon in 1897. They are one of several groups called "sac spiders". The holarctic genus '' Agroeca'' is the best-known, but it also includes various genera of more obscure spiders that still lack a diagnosis. Two species in the North American genus ''Neoanagraphis'' are found in the extremely dry conditions in the Mojave, Sonoran and Chihuahuan deserts. Females live in animal burrows while males wander and are the ones most often caught in pitfall traps. Genera , the World Spider Catalog accepts the following genera: *''Agraecina'' Simon, 1932 — Europe, Africa, Kazakhstan *'' Agroeca'' Westring, 1861 — Asia, Europe, Africa, South America, North America *''Andromma'' Simon, 1893 — Africa *''Apostenus'' Westring, 1851 — Africa, United States, Europe *''Arabelia'' Bosselaers, 2009 — Greece, Turkey *''Argistes'' Simon, 1897 — Sri Lanka *''Coryssiphus'' Simon, 1903 — South Africa *''Cteniogaster ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Viridasiidae
This page lists all described species of the spider family Viridasiidae accepted by the World Spider Catalog The World Spider Catalog (WSC) is an online searchable database concerned with spider taxonomy. It aims to list all accepted families, genera and species, as well as provide access to the related taxonomic literature. The WSC began as a series of ... : ''Viridasius'' '' Viridasius'' Simon, 1889 * '' V. fasciatus'' (Lenz, 1886) ( type) — Madagascar ''Vulsor'' '' Vulsor'' Simon, 1889 * '' V. bidens'' Simon, 1889 ( type) — Comoros, Mayotte * '' V. isaloensis'' (Ono, 1993) — Madagascar * '' V. occidentalis'' Mello-Leitão, 1922 — Brazil * '' V. penicillatus'' Simon, 1896 — Madagascar * '' V. septimus'' Strand, 1907 — Madagascar * '' V. sextus'' Strand, 1907 — Madagascar References {{DEFAULTSORT:Viridasiidae Viridasiidae ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Selenopidae
Selenopidae, also called wall crab spiders, wall spiders and flatties, is a family of araneomorph spiders first described by Eugène Simon in 1897. It contains over 280 species in nine genera, of which ''Selenops'' is the most well-known. This family is just one of several families whose English name includes the phrase "crab spider". These spiders are often called "Flatties" due to their flattened dorsal profile. The Afrikaans name for these spiders is "Muurspinnekop." They are a variety of colors, including shades of grey, brown, yellow, and orange, with darker markings on the cephalothorax and spots or mottling on the abdomen, and annulations on the legs of most species. They are very flat dorsoventrally, and have two tarsal claws and laterigrade legs. Their running and striking speeds place them among the world’s fastest animals, making them difficult to capture, while their coloring often makes them difficult to see. Their spin is the fastest leg-driven turning maneuver of a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cheiracanthiidae
''Cheiracanthiidae'' is a family of araneomorph spiders first described by Vladimir Wagner in 1887. The synonym Eutichuridae was used for a long time, but Cheiracanthiidae has priority. The largest genus currently recognized as belonging to this family is ''Cheiracanthium'', which has previously been placed in both the Clubionidae and the Miturgidae. Taxonomy It was recognized as a synonym of "Eutichuridae" in 2009, but was in danger of becoming obsolete until it was resurrected in 2011. The group was originally described as the subfamily Eutichurinae of the family Miturgidae by Pekka T. Lehtinen in 1967. The monophyly of the group is described as "reasonably uncontroversial", but it has been placed in either the Miturgidae or the Clubionidae. An analysis by Martín J. Ramírez in 2014 suggested that it was better considered as a separate family. Genera , the World Spider Catalog accepts the following genera: *'' Calamoneta'' Deeleman-Reinhold, 2001 — Indonesia *'' Calamopu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Miturgidae
Miturgidae is a family (biology), family of Araneomorphae, araneomorph spiders that includes nearly 170 species in 29 genus, genera worldwide. First described by Eugène Simon in 1886, it has been substantially revised, and includes the previous family Zoridae as a synonym, and excludes the family Xenoctenidae. Several genera have also been removed, such as the large genus ''Cheiracanthium'', which was transferred to the Cheiracanthiidae. Genera , the World Spider Catalog accepts the following genera: *''Argoctenus'' L. Koch, 1878 — New Zealand, Australia, Papua New Guinea *''Diaprograpta'' Simon, 1909 — Australia *''Elassoctenus'' Simon, 1909 — Australia *''Eupograpta'' Raven, 2009 — Australia *''Hestimodema'' Simon, 1909 — Australia *''Israzorides'' Levy, 2003 — Israel *''Mituliodon'' Raven & Stumkat, 2003 — Timor-Leste, Australia *''Miturga'' Thorell, 1870 — Australia *''Mitzoruga'' Raven, 2009 — Australia *''Nuliodon'' Raven, 2009 — Australia *''Odomasta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Xenoctenidae
Xenoctenidae is a family of araneomorph spiders separated from Miturgidae in 2017. Genera and species , the World Spider Catalog accepts the following genera and species: Incasoctenus Mello-Leitão, 1942 *'' Incasoctenus perplexus'' Mello-Leitão, 1942 (type species) – Peru Odo Keyserling, 1887 *'' Odo abudi'' Alayón, 2002 – Hispaniola *''Odo agilis'' Simon, 1897 – St. Thomas *'' Odo ariguanabo'' Alayón, 1995 – Cuba *'' Odo australiensis'' Hickman, 1944 – Central Australia *'' Odo blumenauensis'' Mello-Leitão, 1927 – Brazil *'' Odo bruchi'' (Mello-Leitão, 1938) – Argentina *'' Odo cubanus'' (Franganillo, 1946) – Cuba *'' Odo desenderi'' Baert, 2009 – Ecuador (Galapagos Is.) *''Odo drescoi'' (Caporiacco, 1955) – Venezuela *'' Odo galapagoensis'' Banks, 1902 – Ecuador (Galapagos Is.) *'' Odo gigliolii'' Caporiacco, 1947 – Guyana *'' Odo incertus'' Caporiacco, 1955 – Venezuela *'' Odo insularis'' Banks, 1902 – Ecuador (Galapagos Is.) *'' Odo keyserl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Philodromidae
Philodromidae, also known as philodromid crab spiders and running crab spiders, is a family of araneomorph spiders first described by Tord Tamerlan Teodor Thorell in 1870 (then known as subfamily Philodrominae within Thomisidae). It contains over 500 species in thirty genera. The most common genus is ''Philodromus'' which is widespread, similar to ''Ebo''. Other common genera include the elongate grass-dwelling '' Tibellus'' and the widespread '' Thanatus'', which includes the house crab spider that commonly captures flies on and in buildings. Description Philodromids have a crab-like shape due to the first two pairs of legs being oriented sideways (laterigrade). This is superficially similar to the "true" crab spiders (Thomisidae), such as ''Misumena vatia,'' but these families are not as closely related as previously thought. Unlike crab spiders, the legs are generally similar in size, though the second leg pair may be significantly longer than the first pair. This is most e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lamponidae
Lamponidae is a family of spiders first described by Eugène Simon in 1893. It contains about 200 described species in 23 genera, most of which are endemic to Australia, with the genus ''Centrocalia'' endemic to New Caledonia, and two ''Lampona'' species (''L. cylindrata'', ''L. murina'') also occurring in New Zealand where it is commonly known as the "White Tail" spider. ''Lampona papua'' is endemic to New Guinea, where two otherwise Australian species (''Centrothele mutica'', ''Lamponova wau'') also occur. Genera The categorization into subfamilies follows Joel Hallan'Biology Catalog * Centrothelinae Platnick, 2000 :* ''Asadipus'' Simon, 1897 (Australia) :* ''Bigenditia'' Platnick, 2000 (Australia) :* '' Centrocalia'' Platnick, 2000 (New Caledonia) :* '' Centroina'' Platnick, 2002 (Australia) :* ''Centrothele'' L. Koch, 1873 (Australia) :* '' Centsymplia'' Platnick, 2000 (Australia) :* '' Graycassis'' Platnick, 2000 (Australia) :* ''Longepi'' Platnick, 2000 (Australia) :* '' No ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ammoxenidae
Ground spiders comprise Gnaphosidae, the seventh largest spider family with over 2,000 described species in over 100 genera distributed worldwide. There are 105 species known to central Europe, and common genera include ''Gnaphosa'', ''Drassodes'', ''Micaria'', ''Cesonia'', ''Zelotes'' and many others. They are closely related to Clubionidae. At present, no ground spiders are known to be seriously venomous to humans. Description Generally, ground spiders are characterized by having barrel-shaped anterior spinnerets that are one spinneret diameter apart. The main exception to this rule is found in the ant-mimicking genus ''Micaria''. Another characteristic is an indentation in the endites (paired mouthparts anterior and lateral to the labium, or lip). All ground spiders lack a prey-capture web and generally run prey down on the surface. They hunt at night and spend the day in a silken retreat. The genitalia are diverse and are a good model for studying the evolution of genitalia b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trochanteriidae
Trochanteriidae is a family of spiders first described by Ferdinand Karsch in 1879 containing about 52 species in6 genera. Most are endemic to Australia though ''Doliomalus'' and ''Trochanteria'' are from South America and ''Plator'' is from Asia. ''Platyoides'' species exist in southern and eastern Africa, Madagascar, and the Canary Islands with one species, '' P. walteri'', introduced to Australia. Genera , the World Spider Catalog accepts the following genera: *''Doliomalus'' Simon, 1897 – Chile *''Hemicloea'' Thorell, 1870 – Australia, New Zealand *''Plator'' Simon, 1880 – Asia *''Platyoides'' O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1891 – Africa *''Trochanteria'' Karsch, 1878 – Argentina, Paraguay, Brazil *''Vectius'' Simon, 1897 – Brazil, Paraguay, Argentina See also * List of Trochanteriidae species This page lists all described species of the spider family Trochanteriidae accepted by the World Spider Catalog : D ''Doliomalus'' '' Doliomalus'' Simon, 1897 * '' D. cimicoi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cithaeronidae
Cithaeronidae is a small family of araneomorph spiders first described by Simon in 1893 Female ''Cithaeron'' are about long, males about . They are pale yellowish, fast-moving spiders that actively hunt at night and rest during the day, building silken retreats below rocks. They prefer very hot, dry stony places. Distribution While ''Inthaeron'' occurs only in India, members of the genus ''Cithaeron'' are found in Africa, India and parts of Eurasia. Three adult females of ''C. praedonius'' were found in Teresina, Piauí, Brazil. As they were found in and near human housings, they presumably were accidentally introduced. This is probably also the case for finds in the Northern Territory of Australia. Another population of ''C. praedonius'' has been discovered in Florida U.S.A., with reports of a stable breeding population.(Pers. comm. Joseph Stiles) Genera and Species This section lists all described species accepted by the World Spider Catalog : ''Cithaeron Cithaeron or K ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
