The Dionycha are a
clade
A clade (), also known as a monophyletic group or natural group, is a group of organisms that are monophyletic – that is, composed of a common ancestor and all its lineal descendants – on a phylogenetic tree. Rather than the English term, ...
of spiders (
Araneomorphae:
Entelegynae), characterized by the possession of two tarsal claws with tufts of hairs (setae) beside them, which produce strong adhesion, enabling some species to climb glass.
[ The circumscription of the group has varied widely; a 2021 analysis resulted in about 20 families, including Salticidae (jumping spiders), Gnaphosidae (ground spiders), and Clubionidae.][ Most species hunt their prey instead of building webs.
There are no cribellate members in the Dionycha.][Griswold ''et al.'' 1999]
Today it is thought that the reduction of the third claw present in ancestral spiders evolved several times independently, so this alone is not a criterion that defines the clade.
Families
In 2021, a group of several spider taxonomists published a major study of the phylogeny of Dionycha, using genetic and phenotypic data. It included the families listed below:Trachycosmidae
Trachycosmidae, is a family of spiders in the infraorder Araneomorphae.
Identification
They can be identified by the lateral spinnerets, which are separated by the length of their diameter and have their complete distal article without inflata ...
** Clubionidae
** Anyphaenidae
** Phrurolithidae
**Trachelidae
Trachelidae is a family of araneomorph spiders (more recently evolved spiders with inward-pointing chelicerae) first described by Eugène Simon in 1897 as a subfamily called "Tracheleae" ("Trachelinae" in modern terminology). The Trachelidae fam ...
** Liocranidae
** Gallieniellidae
** Cithaeronidae
**Trochanteriidae
Trochanteriidae is a family of spiders first described by Ferdinand Karsch in 1879 containing about 52 species in6 genera. Most are endemic to Australia though ''Doliomalus'' and ''Trochanteria'' are from South America and ''Plator'' is from Asia ...
** Gnaphosidae (including former Ammoxenidae)
** Lamponidae
*Dionycha B clade
** Philodromidae
** Salticidae
**Xenoctenidae
Xenoctenidae is a family of araneomorph spiders separated from Miturgidae in 2017.
Genera and species
, the World Spider Catalog accepts the following genera and species:
Incasoctenus Mello-Leitão, 1942
*'' Incasoctenus perplexus'' Mello-Leit ...
** Miturgidae
**Cheiracanthiidae
''Cheiracanthiidae'' is a family of araneomorph spiders first described by Vladimir Wagner in 1887. The synonym Eutichuridae was used for a long time, but Cheiracanthiidae has priority. The largest genus currently recognized as belonging to this ...
** Selenopidae
**Viridasiidae
This page lists all described species of the spider family Viridasiidae accepted by the World Spider Catalog
The World Spider Catalog (WSC) is an online searchable database concerned with spider taxonomy. It aims to list all accepted families, g ...
** Corinnidae
Footnotes
References
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External links
Tree of Life
{{Taxonbar, from=Q1226966
Araneomorphae