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Dicynodon
''Dicynodon'' ("two dog-teeth") is a genus of dicynodont therapsid that flourished during the Upper Permian period. Like all dicynodonts, it was herbivorous animal. This reptile was toothless, except for prominent tusks, hence the name. It probably cropped vegetation with a horny beak, much like a tortoise, while the tusks may have been used for digging up roots and tubers. Many species of ''Dicynodon'' have been named, and the genus is considered a wastebasket taxon. A 2011 study of the genus found most of the species to represent a paraphyletic grouping, with the only valid members of ''Dicynodon'' being ''D. lacerticeps'' and ''D. huenei''. A 2019 study named a new species ''D. angielczyki'', but simultaneously transferred ''D. huenei'' to the genus ''Daptocephalus''. Description ''Dicynodon'' was a medium-sized and advanced member of the Dicynodont group. It had an average length of , although size differed among species. Its fossil remains have been found in sediments of l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dicynodon
''Dicynodon'' ("two dog-teeth") is a genus of dicynodont therapsid that flourished during the Upper Permian period. Like all dicynodonts, it was herbivorous animal. This reptile was toothless, except for prominent tusks, hence the name. It probably cropped vegetation with a horny beak, much like a tortoise, while the tusks may have been used for digging up roots and tubers. Many species of ''Dicynodon'' have been named, and the genus is considered a wastebasket taxon. A 2011 study of the genus found most of the species to represent a paraphyletic grouping, with the only valid members of ''Dicynodon'' being ''D. lacerticeps'' and ''D. huenei''. A 2019 study named a new species ''D. angielczyki'', but simultaneously transferred ''D. huenei'' to the genus ''Daptocephalus''. Description ''Dicynodon'' was a medium-sized and advanced member of the Dicynodont group. It had an average length of , although size differed among species. Its fossil remains have been found in sediments of l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dicynodon BW
''Dicynodon'' ("two dog-teeth") is a genus of dicynodont therapsid that flourished during the Upper Permian period. Like all dicynodonts, it was herbivorous animal. This reptile was toothless, except for prominent tusks, hence the name. It probably cropped vegetation with a horny beak, much like a tortoise, while the tusks may have been used for digging up roots and tubers. Many species of ''Dicynodon'' have been named, and the genus is considered a wastebasket taxon. A 2011 study of the genus found most of the species to represent a paraphyletic grouping, with the only valid members of ''Dicynodon'' being ''D. lacerticeps'' and ''D. huenei''. A 2019 study named a new species ''D. angielczyki'', but simultaneously transferred ''D. huenei'' to the genus '' Daptocephalus''. Description ''Dicynodon'' was a medium-sized and advanced member of the Dicynodont group. It had an average length of , although size differed among species. Its fossil remains have been found in sediments of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dicynodont
Dicynodontia is an extinct clade of anomodonts, an extinct type of non-mammalian therapsid. Dicynodonts were herbivorous animals with a pair of tusks, hence their name, which means 'two dog tooth'. Members of the group possessed a horny, typically toothless beak, unique amongst all synapsids. Dicynodonts first appeared in Southern Pangaea during the mid-Permian, ca. 270–260 million years ago, and became globally distributed and the dominant herbivorous animals in the Late Permian, ca. 260–252 Mya. They were devastated by the end-Permian Extinction that wiped out most other therapsids ca. 252 Mya. They rebounded during the Triassic but died out towards the end of that period. They were the most successful and diverse of the non-mammalian therapsids, with over 70 genera known, varying from rat-sized burrowers to elephant-sized browsers. Characteristics The dicynodont skull is highly specialised, light but strong, with the synapsid temporal openings at the rear of the skull ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oudenodon Bainii
''Oudenodon'' is an extinct genus of dicynodont. It was common throughout southern Africa during the Late Permian. Several species of ''Oudenodon'' are known. Both ''O. bainii'', the type species, and ''O. grandis'' are known from South Africa. Specimens of ''O. luangwensis'' have been found from Zambia. One species, ''O. sakamenensis'', is the only Permian therapsid yet known from Madagascar.Mazin, J. M. and King, G. M. (1991). The first dicynodont from the Late Permian of Malagasy. ''Palaeontology'' 34:837–842. It is the type genus of the family Oudenodontidae, which includes members such as ''Tropidostoma''. See also * List of therapsids References The main groups of non-mammalian synapsids at Mikko's Phylogeny Archive External links ''Oudenodon''in the Paleobiology Database The Paleobiology Database is an online resource for information on the distribution and classification of fossil animals, plants, and microorganisms. History The Paleobiology Database (PBDB) ori ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Usili Formation
The Usili Formation is a Late Permian geologic formation in Tanzania. It preserves fossils of many terrestrial vertebrates from the Permian, including temnospondyls, pareiasaurs, therapsids and the archosauromorph ''Aenigmastropheus''. History of study One of the first to study rocks of the Usili Formation was British geologist G. M. Stockley. In 1932, Stockley explored the geology of the Ruhuhu Basin in Tanzania. He called a series of layers dating from the Late Carboniferous to the Middle Triassic of the Songea Series and divided it into eight units labelled K1-K8. Stockley was also the first to describe fossils from these rocks, naming an older layer the "Lower Bone Bed" and a younger layer the "Upper Bone Bed". In 1957, paleontologist Alan J. Charig described many more fossils from the upper bone beds in his Ph.D. thesis for the University of Cambridge.Charig, A. J. (1957). New Triassic archosaurs from Tanganyika, including ''Mandasuchus'' and ''Teleocrater'': Dissertati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sintocephalus Alticeps
''Sintocephalus'' is an extinct genus of dicynodont therapsid from the Late Permian of South Africa. Fossils are known from the ''Cistecephalus'' Assemblage Zone of the Beaufort Group. The type species of ''Sintocephalus'', ''S. alticeps'', was first named in 1913 as a species of ''Dicynodon''. The genus was erected in 1934, but in subsequent years its species were often regarded as members of other dicynodont genera. Description Compared to other dicynodonts, ''Sintocephalus'' is distinguished by the thickness and upward curve of its temporal arch behind the eyes. It also has a sharply sloped snout, large eye sockets, and tusks that are positioned forward in the upper jaw. The intertemporal region at the top of the skull between the two temporal fenestrae is very wide. History The type species ''S. alticeps'' was first named by paleontologists Robert Broom and Sidney H. Haughton in 1913. Broom and Haughton regarded it as a species of ''Dicynodon'', calling it ''D. alticeps''. I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vivaxosaurus Trautscholdi
''Vivaxosaurus'' is a genus of dicynodont from Late Permian (Changhsingian) of Russia. It has been found at Sokolki on the Northern Dvina River near Kotlas in Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia. It lived during the latest Permian, and was a contemporary of ''Inostrancevia'', ''Scutosaurus'' and '' Dvinia''. Like all members of the genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial nom ..., this animal was toothless, except for prominent tusks, and probably cropped vegetation with a horny beak, like a tortoise. History The contemporary species ''Dicynodon amalitzkii'' Sushkin, 1926 is closely related (Angielczyk and Kurkin 2003a, 2003b), although according to Lucas 2005, ''Dicynodon trautscholdi'', ''Dicynodon amalitzkii'', ''Elph borealis'', and ''Vivaxosaurus permirus'' are all synon ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Daptocephalus
''Daptocephalus'' is an extinct genus of non- mammalian synapsid anomodont dicynodont, it which was found in Late Permian strata, in a biozone known precisely for the presence of fossils of this dicynodont, the ''Daptocephalus'' Zone, in the Karoo Basin in South Africa. An additional species, ''D. huenei'', is known from the Usili Formation in Tanzania and was formerly assigned to the genus ''Dicynodon'' before a study in 2019 recognised that the type specimen belonged to ''Daptocephalus''. See also * List of therapsids This list of therapsids is an attempt to create a comprehensive listing of all genera that have ever been included in the Therapsida excluding mammals and purely vernacular terms. The list includes all commonly accepted genera, but also genera tha ... References The main groups of non-mammalian synapsids at Mikko's Phylogeny Archive Dicynodonts Permian synapsids of Africa Fossil taxa described in 1934 Taxa named by Egbert Cornelis Nicolaas van Hoepen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dinanomodon Gilli
''Dinanomodon'' is a genus of dicynodont from Late Permian (Changhsingian) of the ''Lystrosaurus'' Assemblage Zone, Katberg Formation, and ''Cistecephalus'' Assemblage Zone, Balfour Formation Beaufort Group, Karoo Basin of South Africa South Africa, officially the Republic of South Africa (RSA), is the Southern Africa, southernmost country in Africa. It is bounded to the south by of coastline that stretch along the Atlantic Ocean, South Atlantic and Indian Oceans; to the ....Kammerer C. F., Angielczyk K. D. 2009. A proposed higher taxonomy of anomodont therapsids. ''Zootaxa'' 2018, 1–24. References Dicynodonts Changhsingian genus first appearances Early Triassic extinctions Lopingian synapsids of Africa Permian South Africa Triassic South Africa Fossils of South Africa Beaufort Group Fossil taxa described in 1938 Taxa named by Robert Broom Anomodont genera {{anomodont-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tropidostoma Assemblage Zone
The ''Tropidostoma'' Assemblage Zone is a tetrapod assemblage zone or biozone which correlates to the lower Teekloof Formation, Adelaide Subgroup of the Beaufort Group, a fossiliferous and geologically important geological Group of the Karoo Supergroup in South Africa. The thickest outcrops, reaching approximately , occur from east of Sutherland through to Beaufort West and Victoria West, to areas south of Graaff-Reinet. Its northernmost exposures occur west/north-west of Colesberg. The '' Tropidostoma'' Assemblage Zone is the fourth biozone of the Beaufort Group. The name of the biozone refers to '' Tropidostoma microtrema'', a herbivorous dicynodont therapsid. This biozone is characterized by the presence of this species in association with another dicynodont species, '' Endothiodon uniseries''. History The first fossils to be found in the Beaufort Group rocks that encompass the current eight biozones were discovered by Andrew Geddes Bain in 1856. However, it was not until ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lystrosaurus Declivis
''Lystrosaurus'' (; 'shovel lizard'; proper Greek is λίστρον ''lístron'' ‘tool for leveling or smoothing, shovel, spade, hoe’) is an extinct genus of herbivorous dicynodont therapsids from the late Permian and Early Triassic epochs (around 250 million years ago). It lived in what is now Antarctica, India, China, Mongolia, European Russia and South Africa. Four to six species are currently recognized, although from the 1930s to 1970s the number of species was thought to be much higher. They ranged in size from that of a small dog to 8 feet (2.5 meters) long. As a dicynodont, ''Lystrosaurus'' had only two teeth (a pair of tusk-like canines), and is thought to have had a horny beak that was used for biting off pieces of vegetation. ''Lystrosaurus'' was a heavily built, herbivorous animal, approximately the size of a pig. The structure of its shoulders and hip joints suggests that ''Lystrosaurus'' moved with a semi-sprawling gait. The forelimbs were even more robust tha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tropidostoma Dubium
''Tropidostoma'' is a medium-sized herbivorous oudenodontid dicynodont therapsid that lived during the Late Permian (Lopingian) period in South Africa. The first ''Tropidostoma'' fossil was described by Harry Govier Seeley in 1889. Later two subspecies were identified. ''Tropidostoma'' fossils are an index fossil in a biozone of the Karoo Basin known as the ''Tropidostoma'' Assemblage Zone. This biozone is characterized by the presence of this species in association with another dicynodont species, '' Endothiodon uniseries''. History of discovery The first ''Tropidostoma'' fossil material was found during a field expedition in the Upper Permian-aged Teekloof Formation of the Beaufort Group. This material was later described by Seeley (1889) in a study in which he described two fossils which had been named ''Dicynodon microtrema'' and ''Tropidostoma dunni''. In 1915, several years after Seeley's death, the paleontologist, Robert Broom, reexamined the same material and discovered ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
