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Customs Clearance In China
Customs clearance can be conducted at any one of the many customs offices in China. A commercial invoice, packing list and the CIF (cost, insurance and freight) must be provided for the shipment. It is also important to make sure that all documentation shows the complete country name as “ People’s Republic of China.” Issues in customs clearance Customs clearance in China may function as a major trade barrier, particularly because the lack of transparency regarding tariffs regulation, contingents of imports and licenses, processes for imports and sales of non-Chinese goods often makes things complicated. In addition, due to different settlement systems, complications may occur regarding the classification of products. Mainly in the field of harmonized customs tariff numbers ( HS Codes) companies are often confronted with extensive issues. Obligatory certificates For products which require Chinese certificates, copies of the respective documents (CCC CCC may refer to: ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Customs Clearance
Customs is an authority or agency in a country responsible for collecting tariffs and for controlling the flow of goods, including animals, transports, personal effects, and hazardous items, into and out of a country. Traditionally, customs has been considered as the fiscal subject that charges customs duties (i.e. tariffs) and other taxes on import and export. In recent decades, the views on the functions of customs have considerably expanded and now covers three basic issues: taxation, security, and trade facilitation. Each country has its own laws and regulations for the import and export of goods into and out of a country, enforced by their respective customs authorities; the import/export of some goods may be restricted or forbidden entirely. A wide range of penalties are faced by those who break these laws. Overview Taxation The traditional function of customs has been the assessment and collection of customs duties, which is a tariff or tax on the importation or, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
China
China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's most populous country, with a population exceeding 1.4 billion, slightly ahead of India. China spans the equivalent of five time zones and borders fourteen countries by land, the most of any country in the world, tied with Russia. Covering an area of approximately , it is the world's third largest country by total land area. The country consists of 22 provinces, five autonomous regions, four municipalities, and two Special Administrative Regions (Hong Kong and Macau). The national capital is Beijing, and the most populous city and financial center is Shanghai. Modern Chinese trace their origins to a cradle of civilization in the fertile basin of the Yellow River in the North China Plain. The semi-legendary Xia dynasty in the 21st century BCE and the well-attested Shang and Zhou dynasties developed a bureaucratic political system to serve hereditary monarchies, or dyna ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cost, Insurance And Freight
The Incoterms or International Commercial Terms are a series of pre-defined commercial terms published by the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) relating to international commercial law. Incoterms define the responsiblities of exporters and importers in the arrangement of shipments and the transfer of liability involved at various stages of the transaction. They are widely used in international commercial transactions or procurement processes and their use is encouraged by trade councils, courts and international lawyers. A series of three-letter trade terms related to common contractual sales practices, the Incoterms rules are intended primarily to clearly communicate the tasks, costs, and risks associated with the global or international transportation and delivery of goods. Incoterms inform sales contracts defining respective obligations, costs, and risks involved in the delivery of goods from the seller to the buyer, but they do not themselves conclude a contract, determi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
People’s Republic Of China
China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's most populous country, with a population exceeding 1.4 billion, slightly ahead of India. China spans the equivalent of five time zones and borders fourteen countries by land, the most of any country in the world, tied with Russia. Covering an area of approximately , it is the world's third largest country by total land area. The country consists of 22 provinces, five autonomous regions, four municipalities, and two Special Administrative Regions (Hong Kong and Macau). The national capital is Beijing, and the most populous city and financial center is Shanghai. Modern Chinese trace their origins to a cradle of civilization in the fertile basin of the Yellow River in the North China Plain. The semi-legendary Xia dynasty in the 21st century BCE and the well-attested Shang and Zhou dynasties developed a bureaucratic political system to serve hereditary monarchies, or dynast ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trade Barrier
Trade barriers are government-induced restrictions on international trade. According to the theory of comparative advantage, trade barriers are detrimental to the world economy and decrease overall economic efficiency. Most trade barriers work on the same principle: the imposition of some sort of cost (money, time, bureaucracy, quota) on trade that raises the price or availability of the traded products. If two or more nations repeatedly use trade barriers against each other, then a trade war results. Barriers take the form of tariffs (which impose a financial burden on imports) and non-tariff barriers to trade (which uses other overt and covert means to restrict imports and occasionally exports). In theory, free trade involves the removal of all such barriers, except perhaps those considered necessary for health or national security. In practice, however, even those countries promoting free trade heavily subsidize certain industries, such as agriculture and steel. Overview High- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tariffs
A tariff is a tax imposed by the government of a country or by a supranational union on imports or exports of goods. Besides being a source of revenue for the government, import duties can also be a form of regulation of foreign trade and policy that taxes foreign products to encourage or safeguard domestic industry. ''Protective tariffs'' are among the most widely used instruments of protectionism, along with import quotas and export quotas and other non-tariff barriers to trade. Tariffs can be fixed (a constant sum per unit of imported goods or a percentage of the price) or variable (the amount varies according to the price). Taxing imports means people are less likely to buy them as they become more expensive. The intention is that they buy local products instead, boosting their country's economy. Tariffs therefore provide an incentive to develop production and replace imports with domestic products. Tariffs are meant to reduce pressure from foreign competition and reduce the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Harmonized System
The Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System, also known as the Harmonized System (HS) of tariff nomenclature is an internationally standardized system of names and numbers to classify traded products. It came into effect in 1988 and has since been developed and maintained by the World Customs Organization (WCO) (formerly the Customs Co-operation Council), an independent intergovernmental organization based in Brussels, Belgium, with over 200 member countries. Structure The HS is organized logically by economic activity or component material. For example, animals and animal products are found in one section of the HS, while machinery and mechanical appliances are found in another. The HS is organized into 21 sections, which are subdivided into 99 chapters. The 99 HS chapters are further subdivided into 1,244 headings and 5224 subheadings. Section and Chapter titles describe broad categories of goods, while headings and subheadings describe products in more detail. Genera ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
China Compulsory Certificate
The China Compulsory Certificate mark, commonly known as a CCC Mark, is a compulsory safety mark for many products imported, sold or used in the Chinese market. It was implemented on May 1, 2002 and became fully effective on August 1, 2003. It is the result of the integration of China's two previous compulsory inspection systems, namely "CCIB" (Safety Mark, introduced in 1989 and required for products in 47 product categories) and "CCEE" (also known as "Great Wall" Mark, for electrical commodities in 7 product categories), into a single procedure. Applicable products The CCC mark is required for both Chinese-manufactured and foreign-imported products; the certification process involves the Guobiao standards. The mandatory products include, among others: # Electrical wires and cables # Circuit switches, electric devices for protection or connection # Low-voltage Electrical Apparatus # Low power motors # Electric tools # Welding machines # Household and similar electrical applia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
China Energy Label
The China Energy Label (CEL， zh, 中国能效标识) is an energy consumption label for products in China, similar to the European Union energy label. Manufacturers of specified electronic devices are obligated to attach a CEL label to their goods to inform China-based consumers of the product's energy efficiency. The label includes the product's energy efficiency class (1–5) as well as information regarding its energy consumption. Targets The CEL shows the level of energy consumption and, thus, the energy efficiency of a product. The CEL aims to encourage customers to buy energy efficient products. The target to increase energy efficiency and the acceptance of Chinese consumers towards energy efficient products is highly important, since China is the world's largest energy consumer. Responsible authority Applications are to be filed at the China Energy Label Center (CELC), which is the main authority for CEL-classification. Products requiring CEL Since the introduct ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
China Food And Drug Administration
The National Medical Products Administration (NMPA, , formerly the China Food and Drug Administration, or CFDA) was founded on the basis of the former State Food and Drug Administration (SFDA). In March 2013, the former regulatory body was rebranded and restructured as the China Food and Drug Administration, elevating it to a ministerial-level agency. In 2018, as part of China's 2018 government administration overhaul, the name was changed to 'National Medical Products Administration' and merged into the newly created State Administration for Market Regulation. The headquarters are in Xicheng District, Beijing. In its first incarnation as the CFDA, the NMPA replaced a large group of overlapping regulators with an entity similar to the Food and Drug Administration of the United States, streamlining regulation processes for food and drug safety. The National Medical Products Administration is directly under the State Council of the People's Republic of China, which is in charge o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
China Railways Test And Certification Center
China Railways Test and Certification Center (CRCC, ) is responsible for certifications of Railway, railway products for the Chinese market. Until 2003 the state-owned enterprise was named Railways Product Certification Center. In 2012, the CRCC enlarged its business scope and included railway equipment in their business portfolio. The CRCC employs more than 300 qualified employees. Mandatory CRCC products In 2014, the official CRCC product catalogue includes about 378 products, which all can be check on the CRCC website. Among them are switches, single Wagon train, wagons, locomotives and complete trains. Furthermore, components like signaling equipment, isolator switch, isolators, brakes and brake blocks. Certification process For applying for a CRCC certification, firstly, the Chinese regulations (Implementation Rules and GB Standard, GB-Standards) have to be bought at the CRCC. Afterwards the application documents for the respective products have to be handed in at the CR ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
HAF 604
HAF 604 is the certification for components for nuclear power plants in China that have been manufactured outside of China. Exporters of these safety-relevant components need this certification for importing the components into China. The responsible authority for the certification of these components for nuclear power plants is the National Nuclear Safety Administration. Regulations The regulations for the HAF 604 certification are the “Supervision and Management Regulations for Imported Civilian Nuclear Equipment” and determine safety requirements for these safety relevant components. Furthermore, it governs the administration for the certification applications from non-Chinese manufacturers regarding the construction, manufacturing as well as installation of safety-relevant components for nuclear power plants. The Regulation also defines the obligatory safety test requirements for the certification process. HAF 604 should be distinguished from HAF 601, which deals with th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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