|
HAF 604
HAF 604 is the certification for components for nuclear power plants in China that have been manufactured outside of China. Exporters of these safety-relevant components need this certification for importing the components into China. The responsible authority for the certification of these components for nuclear power plants is the National Nuclear Safety Administration. Regulations The regulations for the HAF 604 certification are the “Supervision and Management Regulations for Imported Civilian Nuclear Equipment” and determine safety requirements for these safety relevant components. Furthermore, it governs the administration for the certification applications from non-Chinese manufacturers regarding the construction, manufacturing as well as installation of safety-relevant components for nuclear power plants. The Regulation also defines the obligatory safety test requirements for the certification process. HAF 604 should be distinguished from HAF 601, which deals with th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Certification
Certification is the provision by an independent body of written assurance (a certificate) that the product, service or system in question meets specific requirements. It is the formal attestation or confirmation of certain characteristics of an object, person, or organization. This confirmation is often, but not always, provided by some form of external review, education, assessment, or audit. Accreditation is a specific organization's process of certification. According to the U.S. National Council on Measurement in Education, a certification test is a credentialing test used to determine whether individuals are knowledgeable enough in a given occupational area to be labeled "competent to practice" in that area. Types One of the most common types of certification in modern society is professional certification, where a person is certified as being able to competently complete a job or task, usually by the passing of an examination and/or the completion of a program of stu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nuclear Power Plant
A nuclear power plant (NPP) is a thermal power station in which the heat source is a nuclear reactor. As is typical of thermal power stations, heat is used to generate steam that drives a steam turbine connected to a electric generator, generator that produces electricity. , the International Atomic Energy Agency reported there were 422 nuclear power reactors in operation in 32 countries around the world, and 57 nuclear power reactors under construction. Nuclear plants are very often used for base load since their operations, maintenance, and fuel costs are at the lower end of the spectrum of costs. However, building a nuclear power plant often spans five to ten years, which can accrue to significant financial costs, depending on how the initial investments are financed. Nuclear power plants have a carbon footprint comparable to that of renewable energy such as photovoltaic power station, solar farms and wind farms, and much lower than fossil fuels such as gas-fired ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
China
China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's most populous country, with a population exceeding 1.4 billion, slightly ahead of India. China spans the equivalent of five time zones and borders fourteen countries by land, the most of any country in the world, tied with Russia. Covering an area of approximately , it is the world's third largest country by total land area. The country consists of 22 provinces, five autonomous regions, four municipalities, and two Special Administrative Regions (Hong Kong and Macau). The national capital is Beijing, and the most populous city and financial center is Shanghai. Modern Chinese trace their origins to a cradle of civilization in the fertile basin of the Yellow River in the North China Plain. The semi-legendary Xia dynasty in the 21st century BCE and the well-attested Shang and Zhou dynasties developed a bureaucratic political system to serve hereditary monarchies, or dyna ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Nuclear Safety Administration
National Nuclear Safety Administration () or NNSA is a central government agency responsible for regulating nuclear safety, supervision on all civilian nuclear infrastructure in China. It also inspects nuclear safety activities and regulate the approval mechanism. History The National Nuclear Safety Administration (1984–1989) was established in October 1984. It was a subordinate agency of the State Science and Technology Commission which had independent regulatory of nuclear safety in mainland China. In 1990, the State Science and Technology Commission became the National Science and Technology Commission but National Nuclear Safety Administration was still under its administration until 1998. In 1998 the National Nuclear Safety Administration was transferred to the State Environmental Protection Administration. In 2008, the State Environmental Protection Administration was upgraded to a full ministry of the Chinese state called the Ministry of Environmental Protection an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Administration (law)
As a legal concept, administration is a procedure under the insolvency laws of a number of common law jurisdictions, similar to bankruptcy in the United States. It functions as a rescue mechanism for insolvent entities and allows them to carry on running their business. The process – in the United Kingdom colloquially called being "under administration" – is an alternative to liquidation or may be a precursor to it. Administration is commenced by an administration order. A company in administrative receivership is operated by an administrator (as interim chief executive with custodial responsibility for the company's assets and obligations) on behalf of its creditors. The administrator may recapitalize the business, sell the business to new owners, or demerge it into elements that can be sold and close the remainder. Most countries distinguish between voluntary (board-decided) and involuntary (court-decided) receivership. In voluntary administrative receivership, the administ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Manufacturer
Manufacturing is the creation or production of goods with the help of equipment, labor, machines, tools, and chemical or biological processing or formulation. It is the essence of secondary sector of the economy. The term may refer to a range of human activity, from handicraft to high-tech, but it is most commonly applied to industrial design, in which raw materials from the primary sector are transformed into finished goods on a large scale. Such goods may be sold to other manufacturers for the production of other more complex products (such as aircraft, household appliances, furniture, sports equipment or automobiles), or distributed via the tertiary industry to end users and consumers (usually through wholesalers, who in turn sell to retailers, who then sell them to individual customers). Manufacturing engineering is the field of engineering that designs and optimizes the manufacturing process, or the steps through which raw materials are transformed into a final produc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
HAF601
The HAF601 is a regulation in the People's Republic of China dealing with the manufacture of safety class equipment for the Chinese nuclear power market. All domestic Chinese firms manufacturing mechanical equipment of Safety Class 1, 2, or 3, or electrical equipment of safety Class 1E, must obtain HAF601 registration before supplying such equipment to a Chinese nuclear power plant. This regulation also applies to international (i.e. non-Chinese) firms producing equipment from a factory within China. For equipment manufactured outside of China and imported into the country, a HAF 604 certificate is required instead. HAF stands for "he anquan fagui" (核安全法) and means "nuclear safety laws" in Chinese. The HAF system has been applied in the Chinese nuclear industry since 2007, and has gradually replaced use of the ASME Stamp system. The HAF601 is governed and administered by the Chinese nuclear safety regulatory authority, the National Nuclear Safety Administration (NNSA). T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Safety Codes
S-phrases are defined in Annex IV of European Union Directive 67/548/EEC: ''Safety advice concerning dangerous substances and preparations''. The list was consolidated and republished iDirective 2001/59/EC where translations into other EU languages may be found. The list was subsequently updated and republished iDirective 2006/102/EC where translations to additional European languages were added. These safety phrases are used internationally and not just in Europe, and there is an ongoing effort towards complete international harmonization. ''(Note: missing S-number combinations indicate phrases that were deleted or replaced by another phrase.)'' Safety phrases See also * List of R-phrases * GHS precautionary statements * GHS hazard statements * Material safety data sheet * Risk and Safety Statements {{short description, System of hazard codes and phrases for labeling dangerous chemicals and compounds Risk and Safety Statements, also known as R/S statements, R/S numbers, R ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Foreign Trade Of China
Foreign may refer to: Government * Foreign policy, how a country interacts with other countries * Ministry of Foreign Affairs, in many countries ** Foreign Office, a department of the UK government ** Foreign office and foreign minister * United States state law, a legal matter in another state Science and technology * Foreign accent syndrome, a side effect of severe brain injury * Foreign key, a constraint in a relational database Arts and entertainment * Foreign film or world cinema, films and film industries of non-English-speaking countries * Foreign music or world music * Foreign literature or world literature * ''Foreign Policy'', a magazine Music * "Foreign", a song by Jessica Mauboy from her 2010 album ''Get 'Em Girls'' * "Foreign" (Trey Songz song), 2014 * "Foreign", a song by Lil Pump from the album ''Lil Pump'' Other uses * Foreign corporation, a corporation that can do business outside its jurisdiction * Foreign language, a language not spoken by the people of a ce ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Certification Marks
Certification is the provision by an independent body of written assurance (a certificate) that the product, service or system in question meets specific requirements. It is the formal attestation or confirmation of certain characteristics of an object, person, or organization. This confirmation is often, but not always, provided by some form of external review, education, assessment, or audit. Accreditation is a specific organization's process of certification. According to the U.S. National Council on Measurement in Education, a certification test is a credentialing test used to determine whether individuals are knowledgeable enough in a given occupational area to be labeled "competent to practice" in that area. Types One of the most common types of certification in modern society is professional certification, where a person is certified as being able to competently complete a job or task, usually by the passing of an examination and/or the completion of a program of stud ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Export And Import Control
An export in international trade is a good produced in one country that is sold into another country or a service provided in one country for a national or resident of another country. The seller of such goods or the service provider is an ''exporter''; the foreign buyer is an '' importer''. Services that figure in international trade include financial, accounting and other professional services, tourism, education as well as intellectual property rights. Exportation of goods often requires the involvement of customs authorities. Firms Many manufacturing firms begin their global expansion as exporters and only later switch to another mode for serving a foreign market. Barriers There are four main types of export barriers: motivational, informational, operational/resource-based, and knowledge. Trade barriers are laws, regulations, policy, or practices that protect domestically made products from foreign competition. While restrictive business practices sometimes hav ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
