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Catagramma
''"Catagramma"'' is an obsolete genus of Neotropical butterflies; the name continues to be used e.g. among butterfly collectors as a form taxon. ''"Catagramma"'' species are popularly known as 88s, in reference to a pattern on the hindwing undersides of many that looks like the number 88. They are medium-sized (around 5 cm (2 in) wingspan) forest insects. The genus once contained over 100 species, essentially being a "wastebin taxon" for what was then already recognized of the clade that became the tribe Callicorini in 1952. The members of ''"Catagramma"'' are now divided among the related genera ''Callicore'', '' Catacore'', ''Diaethria'', '' Paulogramma'' and '' Perisama''; others (like '' Cyclogramma'') are not often considered distinct anymore however. These genera have been found to be close relatives of '' Antigonis'' and '' Haematera'', which like them are in the Callicorini. Jean Baptiste Boisduval lumped this conspicuous group of Callicorini during his epi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Catacore
''Catacore kolyma'', the Kolyma eighty-eight, is the only species in the genus ''Catacore''. It is a member of the brush-footed butterfly family and is found in the Neotropical realm, ranging from Colombia to Peru , image_flag = Flag of Peru.svg , image_coat = Escudo nacional del Perú.svg , other_symbol = Great Seal of the State , other_symbol_type = Seal (emblem), National seal , national_motto = "Fi .... at Markku Savela's ''Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms'' Subspecies *''C. k. kolyma'' (Ecuador, Peru, Brazil: Mato Grosso, Amazonas) *''C. k. pasithea'' (Hewitson, 1864) (Ecuador)References [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hesperis Eighty-eight
''Callicore hesperis'', the hesperis eighty-eight or hesperis numberwing, is a species of butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. It is found in Colombia, Brazil, Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia. The wingspan The wingspan (or just span) of a bird or an airplane is the distance from one wingtip to the other wingtip. For example, the Boeing 777–200 has a wingspan of , and a wandering albatross (''Diomedea exulans'') caught in 1965 had a wingspan of ... is about 45 mm. The upperside of the forewings is black, with a broad diagonal red stripe. The upperside of the hindwings is dark brown with a brilliant metallic-blue sheen. References Biblidinae Lepidoptera of Brazil Nymphalidae of South America Butterflies described in 1844 {{Biblidinae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Biblidinae
Biblidinae is a subfamily of nymphalid butterflies that includes the tropical brushfoots. This subfamily was sometimes merged within the Limenitidinae, but they are now recognized as quite distinct lineages. In older literature, this subfamily is sometimes called Eurytelinae. As of 2008, some 340 valid species are in this subfamily, placed in 38 genera. Most species of Biblidinae are Neotropical, but there are some Old World species and genera in the tribes Biblidini and Epicaliini. Systematics The Biblidinae are a taxonomically stable monophyletic group, at least since the "wastebin genus" '' Catagramma'' was dismantled around 1950. The tribes, in the presumed phylogenetic sequence and with notable genera also listed here, are: Biblidini Boisduval, 1833 * ''Biblis'' Fabricius, 1807 (= ''Zonaga'') * ''Ariadne'' Horsfield, 1829 (= ''Ergolis'') * '' Laringa'' Moore, 1901 * ''Eurytela'' Boisduval, 1833 * '' Neptidopsis'' Aurivillius, 1898 * ''Mesoxantha'' Aurivillius, 189 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Callicore
''Callicore'' is a genus of nymphalid butterfly found in the Neotropical realm. This genus, like some related ones, was formerly lumped together as the paraphyletic '' Catagramma'' assemblage. Species in this genus are commonly called eighty-eights or numberwings like the related genera ''Diaethria'' and '' Perisama'', in reference to the characteristic patterns on the hindwing undersides of many. In ''Callicore'', the pattern consists of bluish dots surrounded by black and looks more like "αB" or "8°", though some members of this genus have a completely different arrangement of dots. The forewing undersides vary little between species, being black with one or two broad orange-yellow bands in the basal part and one thin and one very faint yellowish band near the apex. '' C. hydarnis'' is listed as an endangered species in Minas Gerais, Brazil. Species Listed alphabetically within species groups:819]"">"''Callicore'' Hübner, [1819]"at Markku Savela's ''Lepidoptera a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Callicorini
Biblidinae is a subfamily of nymphalid butterflies that includes the tropical brushfoots. This subfamily was sometimes merged within the Limenitidinae, but they are now recognized as quite distinct lineages. In older literature, this subfamily is sometimes called Eurytelinae. As of 2008, some 340 valid species are in this subfamily, placed in 38 genera. Most species of Biblidinae are Neotropical, but there are some Old World species and genera in the tribes Biblidini and Epicaliini. Systematics The Biblidinae are a taxonomically stable monophyletic group, at least since the "wastebin genus" ''Catagramma'' was dismantled around 1950. The tribes, in the presumed phylogenetic sequence and with notable genera also listed here, are: Biblidini Boisduval, 1833 * ''Biblis'' Fabricius, 1807 (= ''Zonaga'') * ''Ariadne'' Horsfield, 1829 (= ''Ergolis'') * '' Laringa'' Moore, 1901 * ''Eurytela'' Boisduval, 1833 * '' Neptidopsis'' Aurivillius, 1898 * ''Mesoxantha'' Aurivillius, 1898 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wastebin Taxon
Wastebasket taxon (also called a wastebin taxon, dustbin taxon or catch-all taxon) is a term used by some taxonomists to refer to a taxon that has the sole purpose of classifying organisms that do not fit anywhere else. They are typically defined by either their designated members' often superficial similarity to each other, or their ''lack'' of one or more distinct character states or by their ''not'' belonging to one or more other taxa. Wastebasket taxa are by definition either paraphyletic or polyphyletic, and are therefore not considered valid taxa under strict cladistic rules of taxonomy. The name of a wastebasket taxon may in some cases be retained as the designation of an evolutionary grade, however. The term was coined in a 1985 essay by Steven Jay Gould. Examples There are many examples of paraphyletic groups, but true "wastebasket" taxa are those that are known not to, and perhaps not intended to, represent natural groups, but are nevertheless used as convenient group ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clade
A clade (), also known as a monophyletic group or natural group, is a group of organisms that are monophyletic – that is, composed of a common ancestor and all its lineal descendants – on a phylogenetic tree. Rather than the English term, the equivalent Latin term ''cladus'' (plural ''cladi'') is often used in taxonomical literature. The common ancestor may be an individual, a population, or a species (extinct or extant). Clades are nested, one in another, as each branch in turn splits into smaller branches. These splits reflect evolutionary history as populations diverged and evolved independently. Clades are termed monophyletic (Greek: "one clan") groups. Over the last few decades, the cladistic approach has revolutionized biological classification and revealed surprising evolutionary relationships among organisms. Increasingly, taxonomists try to avoid naming taxa that are not clades; that is, taxa that are not monophyletic. Some of the relationships between organisms ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tribe (biology)
In biology, a tribe is a taxonomic rank above genus, but below family and subfamily. It is sometimes subdivided into subtribes. By convention, all taxonomic ranks from genus upwards are capitalized, including both tribe and subtribe. In zoology, the standard ending for the name of a zoological tribe is "-ini". Examples include the tribes Caprini (goat-antelopes), Hominini (hominins), Bombini (bumblebees), and Thunnini (tunas). The tribe Hominini is divided into subtribes by some scientists; subtribe Hominina then comprises "humans". The standard ending for the name of a zoological subtribe is "-ina". In botany, the standard ending for the name of a botanical tribe is "-eae". Examples include the tribes Acalypheae and Hyacintheae. The tribe Hyacintheae is divided into subtribes, including the subtribe Massoniinae. The standard ending for the name of a botanical subtribe is "-inae". In bacteriology, the form of tribe names is as in botany, e.g., Pseudomonadeae, based on the ge ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Diaethria
''Diaethria'' is a brush-footed butterfly genus found in the Neotropical realm, ranging from Mexico to Paraguay. Species in this genus are commonly called eighty-eights like the related genera ''Callicore'' and '' Perisama'', in reference to the characteristic patterns on the hindwing undersides of many. In ''Diaethria'', the pattern consists of black dots surrounded by concentric white and black lines, and typically looks like the numbers " 88" or " 89". Species Listed alphabetically: at Markku Savela's ''Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms'' * '''' (Guérin-Méneville, |
Form Taxon
Form classification is the classification of organisms based on their morphology, which does not necessarily reflect their biological relationships. Form classification, generally restricted to palaeontology, reflects uncertainty; the goal of science is to move "form taxa" to biological taxa whose affinity is known. Form taxonomy is restricted to fossils that preserve too few characters for a conclusive taxonomic definition or assessment of their biological affinity, but whose study is made easier if a binomial name is available by which to identify them. The term "form classification" is preferred to "form taxonomy"; taxonomy suggests that the classification implies a biological affinity, whereas form classification is about giving a name to a group of morphologically-similar organisms that may not be related. A "parataxon" (not to be confused with parataxonomy), or "sciotaxon" (Gr. "shadow taxon"), is a classification based on incomplete data: for instance, the larval stage o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Perisama
Perisama is a brush-footed butterfly genus found in the Neotropical realm, ranging from Colombia and Venezuela to Argentina. Species Listed alphabetically by group and within groups:849]"">"''Perisama'' Doubleday, [1849]"at Markku Savela's ''Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms'' The ''alicia'' species group: *''Perisama alicia'' (Hewitson, 1868) — Alice's Pericloud *''Perisama cabirnia'' (Hewitson, 1874) *''Perisama comnena'' (Hewitson, 1868) *''Perisama emma'' Oberthür, 1916 *''Perisama gisco''_Godman_&_Salvin,_1880 *''Perisama_guerini.html" ;"title="849]"at Markku Save ...'' Godman & Salvin, 1880 *''Perisama guerini">849]"at Markku Save ...'' Godman & Salvin, 1880 *''Perisama guerini'' C. & R. Felder, [1867] *''Perisama humboldtii'' (Guérin-Méneville, 844 *''Perisama ilia'' Röber, 1915 *''Perisama nevada'' Attal & Crosson du Cormier, 1996 *''Perisama tringa''_(Guenée,_1872) *''Perisama_vitringa.html" ;"title="849]"at Markku Save ...'' (Guenée, 187 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
_W_IMG_4305.jpg "Click for more on -> Callicorini")
