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Mamoré–Guaporé Linguistic Area
The Mamoré–Guaporé linguistic area is a linguistic area that includes over a dozen South American language families and isolates of the Mamoré River, Mamoré–Guaporé River, Guaporé region of eastern lowland Bolivia (the Llanos de Moxos and Chiquitania regions) and Brazil (Rondônia and Mato Grosso states).van der Voort, Hein (2008). ''Interethnic contact in the Guaporé region and its linguistic consequences''. Lund University, 2008-06-03. Languages Crevels and van der Voort (2008) propose a Mamoré River, Mamoré–Guaporé River, Guaporé linguistic area in eastern lowland Bolivia (in Beni Department and Santa Cruz Department (Bolivia), Santa Cruz Department) and Rondônia and northwestern Mato Grosso, Brazil. In Languages of Bolivia, Bolivia, many of the languages were historically spoken at the Jesuit Missions of Moxos and also the Jesuit Missions of Chiquitos. Language families and branches in the linguistic area are as follows. *Chapacuran languages *Tacanan langua ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pueblos Originarios De Bolivia
Pueblo refers to the settlements of the Pueblo peoples, Native American tribes in the Southwestern United States, currently in New Mexico, Arizona, and Texas. The permanent communities, including some of the oldest continually occupied settlements in the United States, are called pueblos (lowercased). Spanish explorers of northern New Spain used the term ''pueblo'' to refer to permanent Indigenous towns they found in the region, mainly in New Mexico and parts of Arizona, in the former province of Nuevo México. This term continued to be used to describe the communities housed in apartment structures built of stone, adobe, and other local material. The structures were usually multistoried buildings surrounding an open plaza. Many rooms were accessible only through ladders raised and lowered by the inhabitants, thus protecting them from break-ins and unwanted guests. Larger pueblos are occupied by hundreds to thousands of Puebloan people. Several federally recognized tribes hav ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Panoan Languages
Panoan (also Pánoan, Panoano, Panoana, Páno) is a family of languages spoken in western Brazil, eastern Peru, and northern Bolivia. It is possibly a branch of a larger Pano–Tacanan family. Genetic relations The Panoan family is generally believed to be related to the Tacanan family, forming with it Pano–Tacanan, though this has not yet been established (Loos 1999). Language contact Jolkesky (2016) notes that there are lexical similarities with the Kechua languages, Kechua, Mapudungun languages, Mapudungun, Moseten-Tsimane languages, Moseten-Tsimane, Tukano languages, Tukano, Uru-Chipaya languages, Uru-Chipaya, Harakmbet languages, Harakmbet, Arawak languages, Arawak, Kandoshi language, Kandoshi, and Pukina language, Pukina language families due to contact. Languages There are some 18 extant and 14 extinct Panoan languages.Fleck, David. 2013. Panoan Languages and Linguistics'. Anthropological Papers of the American Museum of Natural History 99. In the list of Panoan langua ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Guarani Dialects
The Guaraní language belongs to the Tupí-Guaraní branch of the Tupí linguistic family. There are three distinct groups within the Guaraní subgroup, they are: the Kaiowá, the Mbyá and the Ñandeva. In Latin America, the indigenous language that is most widely spoken amongst non-indigenous communities is Guaraní. South America is home to more than 280,000 Guaraní people, 51,000 of whom reside in Brazil. The Guaraní people inhabit regions in Brazil, Paraguay, Bolivia, as well as Argentina. There are more than four million speakers of Guaraní across these regions. The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) classified Guaraní's language vitality as "vulnerable". UNESCO's definition of "vulnerable" is meant to highlight that although the majority of Guaraní children can speak Guaraní, the use of the language is restricted to particular contexts (e.g., familial settings). Although the Guaraní language may only be classified as "vuln ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Guarayo Languages
The Guaráyu or Guaráyo languages (also known as Tupi–Guarani II) are a subgroup of the Tupi–Guarani language family.Dietrich, Wolf. O tronco tupi e as suas famílias de línguas. Classificação e esboço tipológico. In: NOLL, Volker. ''O Português e o Tupi no Brasil''. São Paulo: Editora Contexto, 2010. Languages The Guarayu languages are:Rodrigues, Aryon Dall'Igna, and Ana Suelly Arruda Câmara Cabral (2012). "Tupían". In Campbell, Lyle, and Verónica Grondona (eds)''The indigenous languages of South America: a comprehensive guide'' Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton. * Guarayu * Pauserna (Warázu) * Sirionó (dialects: Yuqui, Jorá) Rodrigues (2013) Languages listed by Rodrigues (2013):Rodrigues, A. D. (2013)Relações internas na família linguística Tupí-Guaraní ''Revista Brasileira De Linguística Antropológica'', 3(2). https://doi.org/10.26512/rbla.v3i2.16264 *Guarayo (Guarayú) *Sirionó *Horá (Jorá) Rodrigues & Cabral (2012) Languages listed by Rodrigues ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arikem Languages
The Arikem languages of Brazil form a branch of the Tupian language family. They are Karitiâna and the extinct Kabixiana and Arikem. Varieties Below is a list of Arikém language varieties listed by Loukotka (1968), including names of unattested varieties. * Arikém / Uitáte / Ahôpovo / Ariquemes – spoken on the Ariquemes River and Jamari River, Rondônia. * Caritiana – spoken on the Candeias River The Candeias River is a river of Rondônia state in western Brazil. The river flows into the Rio Jamari just downstream of the Samuel dam and reservoir, shortly after passing through the village of Candeis do Jamari. The region is known for its ..., Rondônia. References Tupian languages * {{tupian-lang-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tupari Languages
The Tuparí languages of Brazil form a branch of the Tupian language family. Internal classification The Tupari languages are:Nikulin, Andrey; Fernando O. de Carvalho. 2019Estudos diacrônicos de línguas indígenas brasileiras: um panorama ''Macabéa – Revista Eletrônica do Netlli'', v. 8, n. 2 (2019), p. 255-305.PDF * Tupari ** Makuráp ** Nuclear Tupari *** Akuntsu– Mekéns (Sakirabiá, Waratégaya) *** Tuparí, Kepkiriwát, Wayoró None are spoken by more than a few hundred people. A more recent internal classification by Nikulin & Andrade (2020) is given below:Nikulin, Andrey; Rafael Andrade. 2020The rise and fall of approximants in the Tuparian languages ''Journal of Language Relationship'' 18/4 (2020), pp. 284–319. *Tuparian **'' Makurap'' **Core Tuparian ***Wayoró–Tuparí ****'' Wayoró'' ****'' Tuparí'' ***Corumbiara ****'' Mekéns'' ****'' Akuntsú'' Varieties Below is a list of Tupari language varieties listed by Loukotka (1968), including nam ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mondé Languages
The Monde languages of Brazil form a branch of the Tupian language family. Cinta Larga is a dialect cluster spoken by a thousand people. Other languages are Mondé, Aruáshi, Suruí, Zoro, and Gavião do Jiparaná. Classification Internal classification of the Mondé languages according to Moore (2005):Moore, Denny. 2005Classificação interna da família lingüística Mondé ''Estudos Lingüísticos'' 34: 515-520.PDF *Mondé ** Suruí (Paíter) ** ***Salamãy ( Mondé) *** **** Cinta Larga (3 groups: Kabínééy, Kakínééy, and Maamééy) **** ***** Gavião de Rondônia (Ikolééy) *****Zoró (Pãgɨñééy) ***** Aruá ''Unclassified'': Arara do Guariba Varieties Below is a list of Mondé language varieties listed by Loukotka (1968), including names of unattested varieties. * Mondé - spoken on the Ouro River, tributary of the Pimenta Bueno River, Rondônia. *Sanamaica / Salamay - spoken on the left bank of the Pimenta Bueno River. * Aruá - spoken on the Br ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Puruborá Language
The Puruborá language of Brazil is one of the Tupian languages. It is also known as: Aurã, Cujubim, Burubora, Kuyubi, Migueleno, Miguelenho or Pumbora. Specifically it is spoken in the Brazilian state of Rondônia Rondônia () is one of the 26 states of Brazil, located in the northern subdivision of the country (central-western part). It is bordered by Acre (state), Acre in the west, Amazonas, Brazil, Amazonas in the north, Mato Grosso in the east, and Bo ..., in Costa Marques and around the headwaters of the Rio São Miguel tributary of the right bank of the Guaporé. It is nearly extinct, with only two native speakers (and two in the ethnic group) reported in 2002. Vocabulary Loukotka (1968) lists the following basic vocabulary items. : References External links Map at Forvo.com* ELAR archive oDocumentation of Urgently Endangered Tupian Languages (including Puruborá) Tupian languages Endangered Tupian languages Mamoré–Guaporé linguistic area {{t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ramarama Languages
The Ramarama languages of Rondônia, Brazil form a branch of the Tupian language family. They are Karo, or Ramarama, with 150 speakers, and the extinct Urumi. Varieties Below is a list of Itogapúc (Ramarama) language varieties listed by Loukotka (1968), including names of unattested varieties. * Itogapúc / Ntogapyd - once spoken on the Machadinho River, Mato Grosso, now perhaps extinct. * Ramarama / Ytangá - spoken at the sources of the Machadinho River, Branco River, and Preto River, Mato Grosso. * Urumí - spoken on the Taruma River in Mato Grosso. * Urukú - spoken on the Lourdes River. *Arara - spoken at the mouth of the Preto River and Ji-Paraná River, and to the Madeira River The Madeira River ( ) is a major waterway in South America. It is estimated to be in length, while the Madeira-Mamoré is estimated near or in length depending on the measuring party and their methods. The Madeira is the biggest tributary of .... References Tupian languages * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tupian Languages
The Tupi or Tupian language family comprises some 70 languages spoken in South America, of which the best known are Tupi proper and Guarani. Homeland and ''urheimat'' Rodrigues (2007) considers the Proto-Tupian urheimat to be somewhere between the Guaporé and Aripuanã rivers, in the Madeira River basin. Much of this area corresponds to the modern-day state of Rondônia, Brazil. Five of the ten Tupian branches are found in this area, as well as some Tupi–Guarani languages (especially Kawahíb), making it the probable urheimat of these languages and maybe of its speaking peoples. Rodrigues believes the Proto-Tupian language dates back to around 3,000 BC. Language contact Tupian languages have extensively influenced many language families in South America. Jolkesky (2016) notes that there are lexical similarities with the Arawa, Bora-Muinane, Guato, Irantxe, Jivaro, Karib, Kayuvava, Mura-Matanawi, Taruma, Trumai, Yanomami, Harakmbet, Katukina-Katawixi, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paunaka Language
The Pauna language (''Paunaca'', ''Paunaka'', 'our language') is an Arawakan language in South America. It is an extremely endangered language, which belongs to the southern branch of the Arawakan language family and it is spoken in the Bolivian area of the Chiquitanía, near Santa Cruz and north of the Chaco region. The suffix is a plural morpheme of the Chiquitano language, but has been assimilated into Pauna. Classification There could be a relationship to the extinct Paiconeca language, which is also part of the Arawakan family. Aikhenvald (1999) lists Paiconeca as a separate language, but Kaufman (1994) subsumed it as a dialect of Pauna. History The Spanish colonisation changed a whole continent. Indigenous languages were displaced and replaced and younger generations did not keep in touch with their linguistic roots anymore. Spanish and Chiquitano became the main languages in this Bolivian area, and Spanish is especially the medium of teaching in schools. Due to t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bauré Language
Baure or Bauré is an endangered Arawakan language spoken by only 40 of the thousand Baure people of the Beni Department of northwest of Magdalena, Bolivia. Some Bible portions have been translated into Bauré. Most speakers have been shifting to Spanish. In 2010, the language had around 20 native speakers left, based on the evidence available. Since Supreme Decree N.25894 in 2000, it has been considered one of the official indigenous languages of Bolivia, which was included in the Political Constitution passed on 7 February 2009. History and demography According to the data of Crevels and Muysken (2009) and Crevels (2012), the number of Baure speakers had risen to 67. However, it is still considered a language in serious danger of extinction. Danielson (2012) counted 3000 to 5000 members of the Baure ethnic group, mostly living in the Baure municipality and surrounding communities, such as El Carmen. The majority of the people who can speak fluid Baure are over 60 years ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
