|
Crocus (general)
Crocus ( grc, Κρόκος) was Ptolemaic governor of Cyprus and admiral of the Ptolemaic navy in the second century BC. Crocus is mentioned as governor (''strategos'') of Cyprus and admiral (''nauarchos'') in three inscriptions dated between 131 and 124 BC.T. B. Mitford: "The Hellenistic Inscriptions of Old Paphos," ''The Annual of the British School at Athens'', 56 (1961)p. 28, no. 74 ''Supplementum Epigraphicum Graecum'13.573 ''Inscriptions de Délos'1528= ''OGIS'' 140. His predecessor in this role was Seleucus, son of Bithys. During Crocus' tenure as governor there was a civil war between Cleopatra II and Ptolemy VIII, who made Cyprus his power-base. In one inscription, Crocus' title is given as '' strategos autokrator'', which indicates that he held unlimited authority, analogous to a viceroy. Ptolemy VIII probably gave him this extra power so that he could concentrate on fighting the civil war. After the end of the civil war, Crocus is attested in one more inscription, no long ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Strategos Autokrator
''Strategos'', plural ''strategoi'', Latinized ''strategus'', ( el, στρατηγός, pl. στρατηγοί; Doric Greek: στραταγός, ''stratagos''; meaning "army leader") is used in Greek to mean military general. In the Hellenistic world and the Eastern Roman Empire the term was also used to describe a military governor. In the modern Hellenic Army, it is the highest officer rank. Etymology ''Strategos'' is a compound of two Greek words: ''stratos'' and ''agos''. ''Stratos'' (στρατός) means "army", literally "that which is spread out", coming from the proto-Indo-European root *stere- "to spread". ''Agos'' (ἀγός) means "leader", from ''agein'' (ἄγειν) "to lead", from the proto-Ιndo-Εuropean root *ag- "to drive, draw out or forth, move”. Classical Greece Athens In its most famous attestation, in Classical Athens, the office of ''strategos'' existed already in the 6th century BC, but it was only with the reforms of Cleisthenes in 501 BC ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wilhelm Dittenberger
Wilhelm (William) Dittenberger (August 31, 1840 in Heidelberg – December 29, 1906 in Halle (Saale)) was a German philologist in classical epigraphy. Life Wilhelm Dittenberger was the son of the Protestant theologian Wilhelm Theophor Dittenberger. After attending school in Heidelberg and Weimar (then directed by Hermann Sauppe), he studied classical philology at Jena from 1859 and transferred to Göttingen in 1861, where he was reunited with Hermann Sauppe and received his doctorate at the beginning of 1863 for a work on the Athenian ephebes. From autumn of that year, he taught at the Göttingen Gymnasium while he completed his habilitation on Sallust at the University of Göttingen. Initially, Dittenberger remained a schoolteacher, becoming a teacher at the Joachimsthalsches Gymnasium in Berlin in 1865, at the Rudolstadt Gymnasium from 1867, and at the gymnasium in Quedlinburg from 1873 to 1874. In 1874 he was appointed Professor of Classical Philology at the University of Hall ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Theodorus, Son Of Seleucus
Theodoros ( grc, Θεόδωρος), son of Seleucus and Artemo I was a Ptolemaic governor of Cyprus and admiral in the second century BC. Life Theodorus was named after his maternal grandfather. His mother served in the priestly role of ''kanephoros'' ('basket-bearer') of the deified Arsinoe II in Alexandria in 177/6 BC. He was born before 143 BC, since he dedicated a statue of the officers of the Ptolemaic garrison on Cyprus in that year. From 142 to 131 BC, Theodorus commanded the garrison at Salamis. His father served as governor of the island at that time and was followed in that role by Crocus (131–124 BC). After the end of the Ptolemaic civil war in 124 BC, Theodorus was appointed governor (''strategos'') of Cyprus and admiral (''nauarchos''). He is named in these roles repeatedly in the dedicatory inscriptions of many statues set up on Cyprus between 124 and 118 BC by Cypriot dignitaries and Ptolemaic military officials. In the first inscription, Theodorus is referred to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Viceroy
A viceroy () is an official who reigns over a polity in the name of and as the representative of the monarch of the territory. The term derives from the Latin prefix ''vice-'', meaning "in the place of" and the French word ''roy'', meaning "king". He has also been styled the king's lieutenant. A viceroy's territory may be called a viceroyalty, though this term is not always applied. The adjective form is ''viceregal'', less often ''viceroyal''. The term ''vicereine'' is sometimes used to indicate a female viceroy ''suo jure'', although ''viceroy'' can serve as a gender-neutral term. Vicereine is more commonly used to indicate a viceroy's wife. The term has occasionally been applied to the governors-general of the Commonwealth realms, who are ''viceregal'' representatives of the monarch. ''Viceroy'' is a form of royal appointment rather than noble rank. An individual viceroy often also held a noble title, however, such as Bernardo de Gálvez, 1st Viscount of Galveston, who was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ptolemy VIII
Ptolemy VIII Euergetes II Tryphon ( gr, Πτολεμαῖος Εὐεργέτης Τρύφων, ''Ptolemaĩos Euergétēs Tryphon'' "Ptolemy Euergetes, the Benefactor; c. 184 BC – 28 June 116 BC), nicknamed Physcon ( "Fatty"), was a king of the Ptolemaic dynasty in Egypt. He was the younger son of King Ptolemy V and Queen Cleopatra I. His reign was characterised by fierce political and military conflict with his older siblings, Ptolemy VI and Cleopatra II. Ptolemy VIII was originally made co-ruler with his siblings in the run-up to the Sixth Syrian War. In the course of that war, Ptolemy VI was captured and Ptolemy VIII became sole king of Egypt. When the war ended and Ptolemy VI was restored to the throne in 168 BC, the two brothers continued to quarrel. In 164 BC Ptolemy VIII drove out his brother and became sole king of the Ptolemaic empire, but he was expelled in turn in 163 BC. As a result of Roman Republic, Roman intervention, Ptole ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cyprus
Cyprus ; tr, Kıbrıs (), officially the Republic of Cyprus,, , lit: Republic of Cyprus is an island country located south of the Anatolian Peninsula in the eastern Mediterranean Sea. Its continental position is disputed; while it is geographically in Western Asia, its cultural ties and geopolitics are overwhelmingly Southern European. Cyprus is the third-largest and third-most populous island in the Mediterranean. It is located north of Egypt, east of Greece, south of Turkey, and west of Lebanon and Syria. Its capital and largest city is Nicosia. The northeast portion of the island is ''de facto'' governed by the self-declared Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, which was established after the 1974 invasion and which is recognised as a country only by Turkey. The earliest known human activity on the island dates to around the 10th millennium BC. Archaeological remains include the well-preserved ruins from the Hellenistic period such as Salamis and Kourion, and Cypr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cleopatra II
Cleopatra II (Greek: Κλεοπάτρα; c. 185 BC – 116/115 BC) was a queen of Ptolemaic Egypt who ruled from 175 to 115 BC with two successive brother-husbands and her daughter—often in rivalry with her brother Ptolemy VIII. She co-ruled during her first reign, until 164 BC, with Ptolemy VI Philometor, her first husband and the older of her brothers, and Ptolemy VIII Euergetes II, her younger brother. During her second reign she co-ruled again with Ptolemy VI from 163 BC until his death in 145 BC. She then ruled with her younger brother, Ptolemy VIII, whom she married, and her daughter Cleopatra III. She was sole ruler of Egypt from 131 BC to 127 BC. Her final reign from 124 BC to 115 BC was also spent in coregency with Ptolemy VIII and Cleopatra III. Life Early life (before 175 BC) Cleopatra II was the daughter of Ptolemy V and likely Cleopatra I. If she was the daughter of Cleopatra I, she was a full sister of Ptolemy VI Philometor and Ptolemy VIII Euergetes II ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Seleucus, Son Of Bithys
Seleukos ( grc, Σέλευκος; died ), son of Bithys, was a Ptolemaic governor of Cyprus and admiral in the second century BC. Life Seleucus had citizenship of Alexandria and Rhodes (the latter was probably the result of an honorary grant of citizenship). In 157/6 BC, he was honoured at Delphi for his diplomatic intervention with King Ptolemy VI on behalf of the city. Probably immediately after the coronation of Ptolemy VIII in 145 BC, Seleucus was appointed governor ('' strategos'') of Cyprus and ''ex officio'' High Priest of the island. In honour of him, the priests of Aphrodite at Paphos dedicated a statue of him and a second statue was probably dedicated to him by the officers of the Cilician regiment of the Ptolemaic garrison on the island. By 141/0 BC at the latest, Seleucus had acquired the rank of admiral (''nauarchos'') in the Ptolemaic navy – as stated by at least three inscriptions. He retained the governorship and the admiralty until around 130 BC when he must have ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
