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Cheilotheca
''Cheilotheca'' is a small genus of myco-heterotrophic plants in the family ( Ericaceae). As currently circumscribed the group includes three species. Etymology The genus was named by Joseph Dalton Hooker in 1876.Bentham, G., Hooker, J.D. (1876) Genera Plantarum Vol. 2. Reeve & Co., London. The name is derived from the Greek word "cheilos", meaning a lip or an edge. The " theca" is a Latin term, meaning covering or sheath. Together they essentially mean "lipped sheath". Taxonomy Based on morphological analyses, ''Cheilotheca'' has been placed in the Ericaceae subfamily Monotropoideae.Kron, K.A., Judd, W.S., Stevens, P.F., Crayn, D.M., Anderberg, A.A., Gadek, P.A., Quinn, C.J., Luteyn, J.L. 2002. Phylogenetic classification of Ericaceae: molecular and morphological evidence. ''Botanical Review'' 68: 335-423. The exact placement of ''Cheilotheca'' within the Monotropoideae is still unknown, but morphologically the genus most closely resembles '' Monotropa'' and ''Monotropastr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cheilotheca Malayana
''Cheilotheca'' is a small genus of myco-heterotrophic plants in the family ( Ericaceae). As currently circumscribed the group includes three species. Etymology The genus was named by Joseph Dalton Hooker in 1876.Bentham, G., Hooker, J.D. (1876) Genera Plantarum Vol. 2. Reeve & Co., London. The name is derived from the Greek word "cheilos", meaning a lip or an edge. The " theca" is a Latin term, meaning covering or sheath. Together they essentially mean "lipped sheath". Taxonomy Based on morphological analyses, ''Cheilotheca'' has been placed in the Ericaceae subfamily Monotropoideae.Kron, K.A., Judd, W.S., Stevens, P.F., Crayn, D.M., Anderberg, A.A., Gadek, P.A., Quinn, C.J., Luteyn, J.L. 2002. Phylogenetic classification of Ericaceae: molecular and morphological evidence. ''Botanical Review'' 68: 335-423. The exact placement of ''Cheilotheca'' within the Monotropoideae is still unknown, but morphologically the genus most closely resembles '' Monotropa'' and ''Monotropastr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cheilotheca Khasiana
''Cheilotheca'' is a small genus of myco-heterotrophic plants in the family ( Ericaceae). As currently circumscribed the group includes three species. Etymology The genus was named by Joseph Dalton Hooker in 1876.Bentham, G., Hooker, J.D. (1876) Genera Plantarum Vol. 2. Reeve & Co., London. The name is derived from the Greek word "cheilos", meaning a lip or an edge. The " theca" is a Latin term, meaning covering or sheath. Together they essentially mean "lipped sheath". Taxonomy Based on morphological analyses, ''Cheilotheca'' has been placed in the Ericaceae subfamily Monotropoideae.Kron, K.A., Judd, W.S., Stevens, P.F., Crayn, D.M., Anderberg, A.A., Gadek, P.A., Quinn, C.J., Luteyn, J.L. 2002. Phylogenetic classification of Ericaceae: molecular and morphological evidence. ''Botanical Review'' 68: 335-423. The exact placement of ''Cheilotheca'' within the Monotropoideae is still unknown, but morphologically the genus most closely resembles '' Monotropa'' and ''Monotropastr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cheilotheca Sleumerana
''Cheilotheca'' is a small genus of myco-heterotrophic plants in the family ( Ericaceae). As currently circumscribed the group includes three species. Etymology The genus was named by Joseph Dalton Hooker in 1876.Bentham, G., Hooker, J.D. (1876) Genera Plantarum Vol. 2. Reeve & Co., London. The name is derived from the Greek word "cheilos", meaning a lip or an edge. The " theca" is a Latin term, meaning covering or sheath. Together they essentially mean "lipped sheath". Taxonomy Based on morphological analyses, ''Cheilotheca'' has been placed in the Ericaceae subfamily Monotropoideae.Kron, K.A., Judd, W.S., Stevens, P.F., Crayn, D.M., Anderberg, A.A., Gadek, P.A., Quinn, C.J., Luteyn, J.L. 2002. Phylogenetic classification of Ericaceae: molecular and morphological evidence. ''Botanical Review'' 68: 335-423. The exact placement of ''Cheilotheca'' within the Monotropoideae is still unknown, but morphologically the genus most closely resembles '' Monotropa'' and ''Monotropastr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monotropoideae
Monotropoideae, sometimes referred to as monotropes, are a flowering plant subfamily in the family Ericaceae. Members of this subfamily are notable for their mycoheterotrophic and non-photosynthesizing or achlorophyllous characteristics. Description The overall morphology of these plants is highly reduced compared to other members of the Ericaceae, which are practically all subshrubs, shrubs, or trees. By contrast, the Monotropoideae are all herbaceous perennials, in which an annual shoot reemerges seasonally (in spring or early summer, depending on climate) from a perennial root. The shoot can be characterized as a single inflorescence or cluster of inflorescences, and is generally a raceme with one to many flowers per axis, though occasionally the raceme may be so reduced as to appear similar to a spike, and in ''Monotropa'', the inflorescence can take the form of a solitary flower. Notably, the shoots are achlorophyllous, in keeping with the mycoheterotrophic and non-photosynth ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Joseph Dalton Hooker
Sir Joseph Dalton Hooker (30 June 1817 – 10 December 1911) was a British botanist and explorer in the 19th century. He was a founder of geographical botany and Charles Darwin's closest friend. For twenty years he served as director of the Royal Botanical Gardens, Kew, succeeding his father, William Jackson Hooker, and was awarded the highest honours of British science. Biography Early years Hooker was born in Halesworth, Suffolk, England. He was the second son of the famous botanist Sir William Jackson Hooker, Regius Professor of Botany, and Maria Sarah Turner, eldest daughter of the banker Dawson Turner and sister-in-law of Francis Palgrave. From age seven, Hooker attended his father's lectures at Glasgow University, taking an early interest in plant distribution and the voyages of explorers like Captain James Cook. He was educated at the Glasgow High School and went on to study medicine at Glasgow University, graduating M.D. in 1839. This degree qualified him for ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Genus
Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family (taxonomy), family. In binomial nomenclature, the genus name forms the first part of the binomial species name for each species within the genus. :E.g. ''Panthera leo'' (lion) and ''Panthera onca'' (jaguar) are two species within the genus ''Panthera''. ''Panthera'' is a genus within the family Felidae. The composition of a genus is determined by taxonomy (biology), taxonomists. The standards for genus classification are not strictly codified, so different authorities often produce different classifications for genera. There are some general practices used, however, including the idea that a newly defined genus should fulfill these three criteria to be descriptively useful: # monophyly – all descendants ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Myco-heterotrophy
Myco-heterotrophy (from Ancient Greek, Greek μύκης , "fungus", ἕτερος ', "another", "different" and τροφή ', "nutrition") is a symbiosis, symbiotic relationship between certain kinds of plants and fungi, in which the plant gets all or part of its food from parasitism upon fungi rather than from photosynthesis. A myco-heterotroph is the parasitic plant partner in this relationship. Myco-heterotrophy is considered a kind of Cheating (biology), cheating relationship and myco-heterotrophs are sometimes informally referred to as "mycorrhizal cheaters". This relationship is sometimes referred to as mycotrophy, though this term is also used for plants that engage in Mutualism (biology), mutualistic mycorrhizal relationships. Relationship between myco-heterotrophs and host fungi Full (or obligate) myco-heterotrophy exists when a non-photosynthetic plant (a plant largely lacking in chlorophyll or otherwise lacking a functional photosystem) gets all of its food from the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ericaceae
The Ericaceae are a family of flowering plants, commonly known as the heath or heather family, found most commonly in acidic and infertile growing conditions. The family is large, with c.4250 known species spread across 124 genera, making it the 14th most species-rich family of flowering plants. The many well known and economically important members of the Ericaceae include the cranberry, blueberry, huckleberry, rhododendron (including azaleas), and various common heaths and heathers (''Erica'', ''Cassiope'', ''Daboecia'', and ''Calluna'' for example). Description The Ericaceae contain a morphologically diverse range of taxa, including herbs, dwarf shrubs, shrubs, and trees. Their leaves are usually evergreen, alternate or whorled, simple and without stipules. Their flowers are hermaphrodite and show considerable variability. The petals are often fused (sympetalous) with shapes ranging from narrowly tubular to funnelform or widely urn-shaped. The corollas are usually ra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Theca
In biology, a theca (plural thecae) is a sheath or a covering. Botany In botany, the theca is related to plant's flower anatomy. The theca of an angiosperm consists of a pair of microsporangia that are adjacent to each other and share a common area of dehiscence called the stomium. Larry Hufford, "The origin and early evolution of angiosperm stamens" i''The Anther: form, function, and phylogeny'' William G. D'Arcy and Richard C. Keating (editors), Cambridge University Press, 1996, 351pp, p.60, (from Google Books) Any part of a microsporophyll that bears microsporangia is called an anther. Most anthers are formed on the apex of a filament. An anther and its filament together form a typical (or filantherous) stamen, part of the male floral organ. The typical anther is bilocular, i.e. it consists of two thecae. Each theca contains two microsporangia, also known as pollen sacs. The microsporangia produce the microspores, which for seed plants are known as pollen grains. If t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monotropa
''Monotropa'' is a genus of three species of herbaceous perennial flowering plants that were formerly classified in the family Monotropaceae and presently are classified in Ericaceae. They are native to temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere and are generally rare. Unlike most plants they do not have chlorophyll and therefore are non-photosynthetic; rather, they are myco-heterotrophs that obtain food through parasitism on subterranean fungi. Because they do not need any sunlight to live, they can live in very dark sites such as the floor of deep sylvae. The name "Monotropa" is Greek for "one turn" as every plant has one large turn near the top of the plant. Species The genus consists of the following three species: *'' Monotropa coccinea'' * ''Monotropa hypopitys'' * ''Monotropa uniflora'' '' Monotropa brittonii'' has been proposed as a separate species from ''Monotropa uniflora''. See also * ''Sarcodes ''Sarcodes'' is the monotypic genus of a north-west American f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monotropastrum
''Monotropastrum'' is a small genus of myco-heterotrophy, myco-heterotrophic plants in the family Ericaceae. As currently circumscribed the group includes two species. Distribution The genus is found locally throughout much of southern and eastern Asia (Bhutan, China, India, Indonesia, Japan, Korea, Laos, Myanmar, Nepal, Russia, Sikkim, Thailand, and Vietnam).Haining, Q., Wallace, G.D. 2005. ''Monotropastrum''. In ''Flora of China'' Vol. 14 (Apiaceae through Ericaceae). Eds. Wu, Z. Y., Raven, P.H., Hong, D.Y. Science Press, Beijing, and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis. http://www.efloras.org/volume_page.aspx?volume_id=2014&flora_id=2 Taxonomy Based on morphological and molecular analyses, ''Monotropastrum'' has been placed in the Ericaceae subfamily Monotropoideae, and the tribe Monotropeae.Kron, K.A., Judd, W.S., Stevens, P.F., Crayn, D.M., Anderberg, A.A., Gadek, P.A., Quinn, C.J., Luteyn, J.L. 2002. Phylogenetic classification of Ericaceae: molecular and morphologic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ericaceae Genera
The Ericaceae are a family of flowering plants, commonly known as the heath or heather family, found most commonly in acidic and infertile growing conditions. The family is large, with c.4250 known species spread across 124 genera, making it the 14th most species-rich family of flowering plants. The many well known and economically important members of the Ericaceae include the cranberry, blueberry, huckleberry, rhododendron (including azaleas), and various common heaths and heathers (''Erica'', ''Cassiope'', ''Daboecia'', and ''Calluna'' for example). Description The Ericaceae contain a morphologically diverse range of taxa, including herbs, dwarf shrubs, shrubs, and trees. Their leaves are usually evergreen, alternate or whorled, simple and without stipules. Their flowers are hermaphrodite and show considerable variability. The petals are often fused (sympetalous) with shapes ranging from narrowly tubular to funnelform or widely urn-shaped. The corollas are usually radially ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
