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Carduus
''Carduus'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae, and the tribe Cardueae, one of two genera considered to be true thistles, the other being ''Cirsium''. Plants of the genus are known commonly as plumeless thistles.''Carduus''. Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS).''Carduus''. Flora of North America. They are native to Eurasia and Africa, and several are known elsewhere as . This genus is noted for its disproportionately high number of |
Carduus Crispus
''Carduus crispus'', the curly plumeless thistle or welted thistle, is a biennial herb in the daisy family Asteraceae. ''C. crispus'' is native to multiple different countries all over Europe and Asia, but it is also naturalized in North America. These plants have specific environmental conditions such as the type of soil and the amount of sunlight that must be met before they can grow. There is a breakdown of the species ''Carduus crispus'' that tells us the origin and the meaning of each part of the species' name. The leaves, flowers and fruit of this species are described, as well as, the medicinal and wildlife uses. Distribution This species is native to Europe and Asia. Some of the countries in Asia include Armenia, China, and Hebei. Furthermore, the species is also native to places all over Europe, including Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Romania, Russia, Spain, Sweden, and Switzerland. In terms o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carduus Acanthoides
''Carduus acanthoides'', known as the spiny plumeless thistle, welted thistle, or plumeless thistle, is a biennial plant species of thistle in the family Asteraceae. The plant is native to Europe and Asia and introduced in many other areas, where it is sometimes considered an invasive species. Description ''Carduus acanthoides'' may exceed in height and can form weedy monotypic stands. The stem and foliage are spiny and sometimes woolly. The specific epithet ''acanthoides'' refers to its spiny foliage. The plant starts from a flat, basal rosette and then bolts an erect stem with occasional toothed, wrinkled, spiny leaves. The leaves are long with lobed or pinnately-divided edges. The abaxial surface (underside) of the leaf is somewhat hairy. At the top of each branch of the stem is an inflorescence of one to several flower heads, each rounded, covered in spiny phyllaries, and bearing many threadlike, purple or pink disc florets. Each flowerhead is around across. It flowers thr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Asteraceae
The family Asteraceae, alternatively Compositae, consists of over 32,000 known species of flowering plants in over 1,900 genera within the order Asterales. Commonly referred to as the aster, daisy, composite, or sunflower family, Compositae were first described in the year 1740. The number of species in Asteraceae is rivaled only by the Orchidaceae, and which is the larger family is unclear as the quantity of extant species in each family is unknown. Most species of Asteraceae are annual, biennial, or perennial herbaceous plants, but there are also shrubs, vines, and trees. The family has a widespread distribution, from subpolar to tropical regions in a wide variety of habitats. Most occur in hot desert and cold or hot semi-desert climates, and they are found on every continent but Antarctica. The primary common characteristic is the existence of sometimes hundreds of tiny individual florets which are held together by protective involucres in flower heads, or more technicall ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rhinocyllus Conicus
''Rhinocyllus conicus'' is a species of true weevil. It is best known as a controversial agent of biological pest control which has been used against noxious thistles in the genera ''Carduus'', ''Cirsium'', ''Onopordum'', and ''Silybum''. The adult weevil is black and covered in a thin black and yellowish mottled coat of hairs. It is a short-snouted beetle up to 6 millimeters in total body length. The female lays over 100 eggs on or near the bracts of the thistle flower head. She covers the eggs with masticated plant tissue to protect them from predators. When the white larva emerges from its egg it burrows into the flower head and feeds on the flower parts and developing seeds. As it grows it deposits frass and chewed plant tissue on the walls of its chamber, producing a rigid protective shell in which it will pupate. Pupation takes up to two weeks and when the weevil emerges as an adult it remains inside the chamber for a few more weeks before tunneling out of the plant. Damag ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cardueae
The Cardueae are a tribe of flowering plants in the daisy family (Asteraceae) and the subfamily Carduoideae. Most of them are commonly known as thistles; four of the best known genera are '' Carduus'', '' Cynara'' (containing the widely eaten artichoke), ''Cirsium'', and ''Onopordum''. They are annual, biennial, or perennial herbs. Many species are thorny on leaves, stems, or involucre, and some have laticifers or resin conduits. Almost 80 genera comprising 2500 species are assigned to this tribe, native of temperate regions of Europe and Asia (especially the Mediterranean region and Minor Asia), Australia and tropical Africa; only three genera contain species native to the Americas.Bremer 1994 ''Asteraceae'': Cladistic and Classification ribe ''Carduae'': 112-156/ref> Taxonomy Cardueae is a synonym for Cynareae, but the name Cynareae was published almost a decade earlier, so has precedence. Some authors have divided the plants traditionally held to be in this tribe into th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Biological Pest Control
Biological control or biocontrol is a method of controlling pests, such as insects, mites, weeds, and plant diseases, using other organisms. It relies on predation, parasitism, herbivory, or other natural mechanisms, but typically also involves an active human management role. It can be an important component of integrated pest management (IPM) programs. There are three basic strategies for biological pest control: classical (importation), where a natural enemy of a pest is introduced in the hope of achieving control; inductive (augmentation), in which a large population of natural enemies are administered for quick pest control; and inoculative (conservation), in which measures are taken to maintain natural enemies through regular reestablishment. Natural enemies of insect pests, also known as biological control agents, include predators, parasitoids, pathogens, and competitors. Biological control agents of plant diseases are most often referred to as antagonists. Biologic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cirsium
''Cirsium'' is a genus of perennial and biennial flowering plants in the Asteraceae, one of several genera known commonly as thistles. They are more precisely known as plume thistles. These differ from other thistle genera ('' Carduus'', ''Silybum'' and ''Onopordum'') in having feathered hairs to their achenes. The other genera have a pappus of simple unbranched hairs. They are mostly native to Eurasia and northern Africa, with about 60 species from North America (although several species have been introduced outside their native ranges). Thistles are known for their effusive flower heads, usually purple, rose or pink, also yellow or white. The radially symmetrical disc flowers are at the end of the branches and are visited by many kinds of insects, featuring a generalised pollination syndrome. They have erect stems and prickly leaves, with a characteristic enlarged base of the flower which is commonly spiny. The leaves are alternate, and some species can be slightly hairy. E ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trichosirocalus Horridus
''Trichosirocalus horridus'' is a species of true weevils, native to Europe. It is a biological pest control agent that was introduced into the United States in 1974 to control exotic thistles, especially in the ''Cirsium'' and ''Carduus'' genera. Life history ''T. horridus'' feeds on the rosettes of thistles, with the larvae causing most damage to the plant. Nontarget impacts In 2004, ''T. horridus'' was observed feeding on the native thistle ''Cirsium altissimum'' L. in Nebraska. The weevil was observed on the native thistle at about the same rate as the targeted invasive thistle (''Cirsium vulgare''). ''T. horridus'' has also been observed feeding on 5 native ''Cirsium ''Cirsium'' is a genus of perennial and biennial flowering plants in the Asteraceae, one of several genera known commonly as thistles. They are more precisely known as plume thistles. These differ from other thistle genera ('' Carduus'', ''Silyb ...'' species in Tennessee. References Further readin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Augustin Pyramus De Candolle
Augustin Pyramus (or Pyrame) de Candolle (, , ; 4 February 17789 September 1841) was a Swiss botanist. René Louiche Desfontaines launched de Candolle's botanical career by recommending him at a herbarium. Within a couple of years de Candolle had established a new genus, and he went on to document hundreds of plant families and create a new natural plant classification system. Although de Candolle's main focus was botany, he also contributed to related fields such as phytogeography, agronomy, paleontology, medical botany, and economic botany. De Candolle originated the idea of "Nature's war", which influenced Charles Darwin and the principle of natural selection. de Candolle recognized that multiple species may develop similar characteristics that did not appear in a common evolutionary ancestor; a phenomenon now known as convergent evolution. During his work with plants, de Candolle noticed that plant leaf movements follow a near-24-hour cycle in constant light, suggestin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pappus (flower Structure)
In Asteraceae, the pappus is the modified calyx, the part of an individual floret, that surrounds the base of the corolla tube in flower. It functions as a wind-dispersal mechanism for the seeds. The term is sometimes used for similar structures in other plant families e.g. in certain genera of the Apocynaceae, although the pappus in Apocynaceae is not derived from the calyx of the flower. In Asteraceae, the pappus may be composed of bristles (sometimes feathery), awns, scales, or may be absent, and in some species, is too small to see without magnification. In genera such as ''Taraxacum'' or ''Eupatorium'', feathery bristles of the pappus function as a "parachute" which enables the seed to be carried by the wind. The name derives from the Ancient Greek word ''pappos'', Latin ''pappus'', meaning "old man", so used for a plant (assumed to be an ''Erigeron'' species) having bristles and also for the woolly, hairy seed of certain plants. The pappus of the dandelion plays a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fungus
A fungus ( : fungi or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These organisms are classified as a kingdom, separately from the other eukaryotic kingdoms, which by one traditional classification include Plantae, Animalia, Protozoa, and Chromista. A characteristic that places fungi in a different kingdom from plants, bacteria, and some protists is chitin in their cell walls. Fungi, like animals, are heterotrophs; they acquire their food by absorbing dissolved molecules, typically by secreting digestive enzymes into their environment. Fungi do not photosynthesize. Growth is their means of mobility, except for spores (a few of which are flagellated), which may travel through the air or water. Fungi are the principal decomposers in ecological systems. These and other differences place fungi in a single group of related organisms, named the ''Eumycota'' (''true f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Puccinia Carduorum
''Puccinia'' is a genus of fungi. All species in this genus are obligate plant pathogens and are known as rusts. The genus contains about 4000 species. The genus name of ''Puccinia'' is in honour of Tommaso Puccini (died 1735), who was an Italian doctor and botanist who taught Anatomy at Hospital of Santa Maria Nuova in Florence. The genus was circumscribed by Pier Antonio Micheli in Nov. Pl. Gen. on page 213 in 1729. Taxonomy Examples of ''Puccinia'' rusts and the diseases they cause: * ''Puccinia asparagi'' - Asparagus rust * ''Puccinia graminis'' - Stem rust, also known as black rust * '' Puccinia horiana'' - Chrysanthemum white rust * ''Puccinia mariae-wilsoniae'' - Spring beauty rust * '' Puccinia poarum'' - Coltsfoot rust gall * ''Puccinia psidii'' - Guava rust or eucalyptus rust * ''Puccinia recondita'' - Brown rust * ''Puccinia sessilis'' - Arum rust and Ransoms rust * ''Puccinia striiformis'' - Stripe rust, also known as yellow rust * ''Puccinia triticina'' - Wheat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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