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Basa'ir Al-darajat
''Baṣāʾir ad-Darajāt fi ʿUlūm ʾĀle Muḥammad wa-mā khaṣṣahumu--Allāh'' ( ar, بَصَائِر ٱلدَّرَجَات فِي عُلُوم آل مُحَمَّد وَمَا خَصَّهُم ٱلله بِهِ), alternatively known as ''Baṣaʾir ad-Darajāt al-Kubrā fī Faḍāʾil ʾĀle Muḥammad'' ( ar, بَصَائِر ٱلدَّرَجَات ٱلْكُبْرَىٰ فِي فَضَائِل آل مُحَمَّد), is a Hadith compilation considered to be one of the oldest books in Hadith among Shias. The book's author is Abū Jaʿfar Muḥammad ibn al-Hasan ibn Farrūkh al-ʾAʿraj ( ar, أبو جعفر و أبو الحسنمحمد بن الحسن بن فروخ الأعرج), popularly known as Sheikh aṣ-Ṣaffār al-Qummī ( ar, الشيخ الصفار القمي) (d. 290 AH / 902-903 CE) Author [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hadith
Ḥadīth ( or ; ar, حديث, , , , , , , literally "talk" or "discourse") or Athar ( ar, أثر, , literally "remnant"/"effect") refers to what the majority of Muslims believe to be a record of the words, actions, and the silent approval of the Islamic prophet Muhammad as transmitted through chains of narrators. In other words, the ḥadīth are transmitted reports attributed to what Muhammad said and did. Hadith have been called by some as "the backbone" of Islamic civilization, J.A.C. Brown, ''Misquoting Muhammad'', 2014: p.6 and for many the authority of hadith as a source for religious law and moral guidance ranks second only to that of the Quran (which Muslims hold to be the word of God revealed to Muhammad). Most Muslims believe that scriptural authority for hadith comes from the Quran, which enjoins Muslims to emulate Muhammad and obey his judgements (in verses such as , ). While the number of verses pertaining to law in the Quran is relatively few, hadith are co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shias
Shīʿa Islam or Shīʿīsm is the second-largest branch of Islam. It holds that the Islamic prophet Muhammad designated ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib as his successor (''khalīfa'') and the Imam (spiritual and political leader) after him, most notably at the event of Ghadir Khumm, but was prevented from succeeding Muhammad as the leader of the Muslims as a result of the choice made by some of Muhammad's other companions (''ṣaḥāba'') at Saqifah. This view primarily contrasts with that of Sunnī Islam, whose adherents believe that Muhammad did not appoint a successor before his death and consider Abū Bakr, who was appointed caliph by a group of senior Muslims at Saqifah, to be the first rightful (''rāshidūn'') caliph after Muhammad. Adherents of Shīʿa Islam are called Shīʿa Muslims, Shīʿītes, or simply Shīʿa or Shia. Shīʿa Islam is based on a ''ḥadīth'' report concerning Muhammad's pronouncement at Ghadir Khumm.Esposito, John. "What Everyone Needs to Kno ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Twelve Imams
The Twelve Imams ( ar, ٱلْأَئِمَّة ٱلْٱثْنَا عَشَر, '; fa, دوازده امام, ') are the spiritual and political successors to the Islamic prophet Muhammad in the Twelver branch of Islam, including that of the Alawite and Alevi. According to Twelver theology, the Twelve Imams are exemplary human individuals who not only rule over the community with justice, but also are able to keep and interpret ''sharia'' and the esoteric meaning of the Quran. The words and deeds of Muhammad and the imams are a guide and model for the community to follow; as a result, they must be free from error and sin (known as ''ismah'', or infallibility) and must be chosen by divine decree through the Prophet. Imamah It is believed in Twelver Shi’ism that the Islamic prophet Muhammad and his household are infallible, possessing ''Hikmah''. Their oppression and suffering served greater purposes and were a means of divine grace to their devotees. The Imams are also guided ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Imamate In Shia Doctrine
In Shia Islam, the Imamah ( ar, إمامة) is a doctrine which asserts that certain individuals from the lineage of the Islamic prophet Muhammad are to be accepted as leaders and guides of the ummah after the death of Muhammad. Imamah further says that Imams possess divine knowledge and authority (Ismah) as well as being part of the Ahl al-Bayt, the family of Muhammad. These Imams have the role of providing commentary and interpretation of the Quran as well as guidance. Etymology The word "Imām" denotes a person who stands or walks "in front". For Sunni Islam, the word is commonly used to mean a person who leads the course of prayer in the mosque. It also means the head of a ''madhhab'' ("school of thought"). However, from the Shia point of view this is merely the ''basic'' understanding of the word in the Arabic language and, for its proper religious usage, the word "Imam" is applicable ''only'' to those members of the house of Muhammad designated as infallible by the pr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Imam
Imam (; ar, إمام '; plural: ') is an Islamic leadership position. For Sunni Muslims, Imam is most commonly used as the title of a worship leader of a mosque. In this context, imams may lead Islamic worship services, lead prayers, serve as community leaders, and provide religious guidance. Thus for Sunnis, anyone can study the basic Islamic sciences and become an Imam. For most Shia Muslims, the Imams are absolute infallible leaders of the Islamic community after the Prophet. Shias consider the term to be only applicable to the members and descendents of the '' Ahl al-Bayt'', the family of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. In Twelver Shiasm there are 14 infallibles, 12 of which are Imams, the final being Imam Mahdi who will return at the end of times. The title was also used by the Zaidi Shia Imams of Yemen, who eventually founded the Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen (1918–1970). Sunni imams Sunni Islam does not have imams in the same sense as the Shi'a, an importan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ahl Al-Bayt
Ahl al-Bayt ( ar, أَهْل ٱلْبَيْت, ) refers to the family of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, but the term has also been extended in Sunni Islam to apply to all descendants of the Banu Hashim (Muhammad's clan) and even to all Muslims. In Shia Islam, the term is limited to Muhammad; his daughter Fatima, his cousin and son-in-law Ali, and their two sons, Hasan and Husayn. A common Sunni view adds Muhammad's wives to those five. While all Muslims revere the Ahl al-Bayt, it is the Shia who hold the Ahl al-Bayt in the highest esteem by regarding them as the rightful leaders of the Muslim community. The Twelver Shia also believe in the redemptive power of the pain and martyrdom endured by the Ahl al-Bayt, particularly by Husayn. Definition When ( ar, أهل, label=none) appears in construction with a person, it refers to his blood relatives but the word also acquires wider meanings with other nouns. In particular, () is translated as habitation and dwelling, and thus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ali Ibn Ibrahim Qomi
Abu al-Hasan Ali Ibn Ibrāhim al-Qummi was a 10th century Shi'a commentator and jurist of Persian origin. He lived during the time of the eleventh Shi'a Imam Hasan al-Askari. Many traditions in the famous book Al-Kafi were transmitted by him. Ibrāhim’s patronymic was “Abu al-Hasan” but he was also known as “al-Shaykh al-Aqdam”. He was the first to promulgate the “Kufan” traditions (Hadiths) in Qom and collected Hadith from many scholars. He wrote more than 15 books, famously his commentary '' Tafsir al-Qummi''. He is said to have been one of the most important Twelver Imami Quran commentators. His other works include ''Akhbār Al-Qurʾan'', ''Nawadir al-Qurʾan'', ''al-Nasikh wa al-Mansukh'' (Abrogator and Abrogated books), ''al-Sharā'i' '' (Laws or Revealed religions), and ''al-Tawhid wa al-Shirk'' (Monotheism and Polytheism). He died in 919 A.D. Birth, Demise and Family His birthday is unknown; but it is certain that he lived during the second half of the 3rd/nin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Al-Hurr Al-Amili
Muhammad bin al-Ḥasan bin Ali bin al-Ḥusayn al-Ḥurr al-ʿĀmili al-Mashghari ( ar, مُحَمَّد ٱبْن ٱلْحَسَن ٱبْن عَلِيّ ٱبْن ٱلْحُسَيْن ٱلْحُرّ ٱلْعَامِلِيّ ٱلْمَشْغَرِيّ; 1033/1624 - 1104/1693), commonly known as Al-Ḥurr Al-ʿĀmili (), was a prominent Twelver Shia muhaddith. He is best known for his comprehensive hadith compilation known as Wasa'il al-Shia (also known as Wasa’il ush-Shi’a) and as the second of the “Three Great Muhammads” in later Shi’a Islamic history. Biography Early life and education He was born on Friday, 8th of Raj̲ab 1033AH/26 April 1624 CE in the village of Machghara in the ʿĀmil mountains of southern Lebanon, a center of Shi’i Lebanese in the region, to Al-Hurr family descended from Al-Hurr ibn Yazid al-Riyahi al-Tamimi. His early education began with a family of teachers that included his father, his paternal uncle, his maternal grandfather (Shaykh ʿAbd Sa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wasa'il Al-Shia
Wasa'il al-Shia ( ar, وَسَائِل ٱلشِّيعَة, ' lit. ''Means of Shiite'' or ''Shiite Rituals'') is a reputable book of hadith in Shia Islam, compiled in the 17th century by Shaykh al-Hurr al-Amili. Shaykh Al-Hurr wrote two editions of this book, Ahl al-Bayt which is a 30 volume long edition of it, and Al-Islamiyyah which is 20 volumes long. Author Wasa'il al-Shia was authored by Al-Hurr al-Aamili and based on The Four Books (Kitab al-Kafi, Man La Yahduruhu al-Faqih, Al-Istibsar, Tahdhib al-Ahkam) and other major Shia sources. Ḥurr al-ʿĀmilīy was born Muḥammad ibn Ḥasan ibn ʿAlīy Mašḡarīy in the village of al-Mašḡarah, in Jabal ʿĀmil, present day southern Lebanon. He was one of the dominant Shia Hadith scholars. His other works were al-Jawāhir al-Sanīyah fī al-Aḥādīth al-Qudsīyah, that was the first source collected of divine Hadiths known as Hadith Qudsi, And Ithbāt al-Hudāt bil-Nuṣūṣ wal-Muʿjizāt, which is about Imamah. Context ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mohammad-Baqer Majlesi
Mohammad Baqer Majlesi (b. 1037/1628-29 – d. 1110/1699) ( fa, علامه مجلسی ''Allameh Majlesi''; also Romanized as: Majlessi, Majlisi, Madjlessi), known as Allamah Majlesi or Majlesi Al-Thani (Majlesi the Second), was a renowned and very powerful Iranian Twelver Shia Scholar and Thinker, during the Safavid era. He has been described as "one of the most powerful and influential Shi'a ulema of all time", whose "policies and actions reoriented Twelver Shia'ism in the direction that it was to develop from his day on." He was buried next to his father in a family mausoleum located next to the Jamé Mosque of Isfahan. Early life and education Born in Isfahan in 1617, his father, Mulla Mohammad Taqi Majlesi (''Majlesi-ye Awwal''—Majlesi the First, 1594 AD-1660 AD), was a cleric of Islamic jurisprudence. The genealogy of his family is traced back to Abu Noaym Ahámad b. Abdallah Esfahani (d. 1038 AD), the author, inter alia, of a History of Isfahan, entitled Zikr-i akh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
