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Bureau Of Religion
The is one of the of the Ministry of the Interior during the pre- World War I period and later the Ministry of Education, Science, Sports and Culture in Japan. It was split off from the Bureau of Shrines and Temples in 1900. Outline Initially, religious administration was under the jurisdiction of the Bureau of Shrines and Temples The was a bureau of the Meiji government. It was established in 1877 to administer matters related to religion, including shrines and temples, and Sect Shinto such as Tenrikyo and Kurozumikyō. It was a bureau of the Home Ministry. 秦郁 ... of the Ministry of the Interior, but in April 1900, it was separated into the Bureau of Shrines and the Bureau of Religion.、明治33年4月26日。 The first and second divisions were set up with jurisdictions over Shinto, Buddhist, and other religious affairs, as well as monks' and teachers' affairs. On June 13, 1913, the Bureau of Religion was transferred from the jurisdiction of the Hom ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bureau Of Shrines And Temples
The was a bureau of the Meiji government. It was established in 1877 to administer matters related to religion, including shrines and temples, and Sect Shinto such as Tenrikyo and Kurozumikyō. It was a bureau of the Home Ministry. 秦郁彦編『日本官僚制総合事典：1868 - 2000』 東京大学出版会、2001年。 In April 1900 (33rd year of Meiji), the bureau was divided into two bureaus, the Bureau of Shrines and the Bureau of Religion. Temples, Christianity and new religions were transferred to the Bureau of Religion. This was an official acknowledgement of Secular Shrine Theory or the idea that Shrine Shinto was not a religion and as a result under state control, hence the separate Bureau of Shrines under the Home Ministry. See also * Department of Divinities * Ministry of Religion * State Shinto * Association of Shinto Shrines The is a religious administrative organisation that oversees about 80,000 Shinto shrines in Japan. These shrines take the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Home Ministry
An interior ministry (sometimes called a ministry of internal affairs or ministry of home affairs) is a government department that is responsible for internal affairs. Lists of current ministries of internal affairs Named "ministry" * Ministry of Internal Affairs (Adygea) * Ministry of Interior Affairs (Afghanistan) * Ministry of Internal Affairs (Albania) * Ministry of Internal Affairs (Altai Republic) * Ministry of the Interior (Argentina) * Ministry of the Interior (Austria) * Ministry of Internal Affairs (Azerbaijan) * Ministry of Interior (Bahrain) * Ministry of Home Affairs (Bangladesh) * Ministry of Public Administration (Bangladesh) * Ministry of Internal Affairs (Bashkortostan) * Ministry of Internal Affairs (Belarus) * Ministry of Home Affairs (Bermuda) * Ministry of Home and Cultural Affairs (Bhutan) * Federal Ministry of Interior (Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina) * Ministry of National Integration (Brazil) * Ministry of Home Affairs (Brunei) * Ministry of Int ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ministry Of Education, Science, Sports And Culture
The was a former Japanese government ministry. Its headquarters were in Kasumigaseki, Chiyoda, Tokyo. The Ministry of Education was created in 1871. It merged with the into the new Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) in 2001. " Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology. Retrieved on January 11, 2019. References External links * * Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism, Former government ministries of Japan, E Education ministries Science and technology ministries Culture ministries Ministries disestablished in 2001 2001 disestablishments in Japan {{culture-ministry-stu ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World War I
World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, the United States, and the Ottoman Empire, with fighting occurring throughout Europe, the Middle East, Africa, the Pacific, and parts of Asia. An estimated 9 million soldiers were killed in combat, plus another 23 million wounded, while 5 million civilians died as a result of military action, hunger, and disease. Millions more died in genocides within the Ottoman Empire and in the 1918 influenza pandemic, which was exacerbated by the movement of combatants during the war. Prior to 1914, the European great powers were divided between the Triple Entente (comprising France, Russia, and Britain) and the Triple Alliance (containing Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy). Tensions in the Balkans came to a head on 28 June 1914, following the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shrines And Temples Bureau
The was a bureau of the Meiji government. It was established in 1877 to administer matters related to religion, including shrines and temples, and Sect Shinto such as Tenrikyo and Kurozumikyō. It was a bureau of the Home Ministry. 秦郁彦編『日本官僚制総合事典：1868 - 2000』 東京大学出版会、2001年。 In April 1900 (33rd year of Meiji), the bureau was divided into two bureaus, the Bureau of Shrines and the Bureau of Religion. Temples, Christianity and new religions were transferred to the Bureau of Religion. This was an official acknowledgement of Secular Shrine Theory or the idea that Shrine Shinto was not a religion and as a result under state control, hence the separate Bureau of Shrines under the Home Ministry. See also * Department of Divinities * Ministry of Religion * State Shinto was Imperial Japan's ideological use of the Japanese folk religion and traditions of Shinto. The state exercised control of shrine finances and traini ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bureau Of Shrines
The was an internal department of the Ministry of the Interior that existed until 1940. It was in charge of administrative matters related to shrines, Shinkan, and Kannushi. It was split off from the Bureau of Shrines and Temples in 1900 with other religions and Sect Shinto being covered under the Bureau of Religions. On April 26, 1900, under the basic policy of the Meiji Restoration government that "shrines are the state's religious ceremonies," the Ministry of Home Affairs’ Shrines and Temple Bureau was abolished and reorganized into the Bureau of Shrines, which administered state Shinto, and the Bureau of Religions, which administered other religions including Buddhism, and Sect Shinto.. 秦郁彦編『日本官僚制総合事典：1868 - 2000』 東京大学出版会、2001年。. In other words, the Ministry of Home Affairs' official regulations were revised, seven bureaus were established in the Ministry, the Bureau of Shrines was added before the Regional Bureaus, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shinto
Shinto () is a religion from Japan. Classified as an East Asian religion by scholars of religion, its practitioners often regard it as Japan's indigenous religion and as a nature religion. Scholars sometimes call its practitioners ''Shintoists'', although adherents rarely use that term themselves. There is no central authority in control of Shinto, with much diversity of belief and practice evident among practitioners. A polytheistic and animistic religion, Shinto revolves around supernatural entities called the . The are believed to inhabit all things, including forces of nature and prominent landscape locations. The are worshiped at household shrines, family shrines, and ''jinja'' public shrines. The latter are staffed by priests, known as , who oversee offerings of food and drink to the specific enshrined at that location. This is done to cultivate harmony between humans and and to solicit the latter's blessing. Other common rituals include the dances, rites of pass ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Buddhism In Japan
Buddhism has been practiced in Japan since about the 6th century CE. Japanese Buddhism () created many new Buddhist schools, and some schools are original to Japan and some are derived from Chinese Buddhist schools. Japanese Buddhism has had a major influence on Japanese society and culture and remains an influential aspect to this day.Asia SocietBuddhism in Japan accessed July 2012 According to the Japanese Government's Agency for Cultural Affairs estimate, , with about 84 million or about 67% of the Japanese population, Buddhism was the religion in Japan with the second most adherents, next to Shinto, though a large number of people practice elements of both. According to the statistics by the Agency for Cultural Affairs in 2021, the religious corporation under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology in Japan had 135 million believers, of which 47 million were Buddhists and most of them were believers of new schools of Buddhism ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bhikkhu
A ''bhikkhu'' (Pali: भिक्खु, Sanskrit: भिक्षु, ''bhikṣu'') is an ordained male in Buddhist monasticism. Male and female monastics ("nun", ''bhikkhunī'', Sanskrit ''bhikṣuṇī'') are members of the Sangha (Buddhist community). The lives of all Buddhist monastics are governed by a set of rules called the prātimokṣa or pātimokkha. Their lifestyles are shaped to support their spiritual practice: to live a simple and meditative life and attain nirvana. A person under the age of 20 cannot be ordained as a bhikkhu or bhikkhuni but can be ordained as a śrāmaṇera or śrāmaṇērī. Definition ''Bhikkhu'' literally means "beggar" or "one who lives by alms". The historical Buddha, Prince Siddhartha, having abandoned a life of pleasure and status, lived as an alms mendicant as part of his śramaṇa lifestyle. Those of his more serious students who renounced their lives as householders and came to study full-time under his supervision also adopte ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clergy
Clergy are formal leaders within established religions. Their roles and functions vary in different religious traditions, but usually involve presiding over specific rituals and teaching their religion's doctrines and practices. Some of the terms used for individual clergy are clergyman, clergywoman, clergyperson, churchman, and cleric, while clerk in holy orders has a long history but is rarely used. In Christianity, the specific names and roles of the clergy vary by denomination and there is a wide range of formal and informal clergy positions, including deacons, elders, priests, bishops, preachers, pastors, presbyters, ministers, and the pope. In Islam, a religious leader is often known formally or informally as an imam, caliph, qadi, mufti, mullah, muezzin, or ayatollah. In the Jewish tradition, a religious leader is often a rabbi (teacher) or hazzan (cantor). Etymology The word ''cleric'' comes from the ecclesiastical Latin ''Clericus'', for those belonging ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World War II
World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis powers. World War II was a total war that directly involved more than 100 million personnel from more than 30 countries. The major participants in the war threw their entire economic, industrial, and scientific capabilities behind the war effort, blurring the distinction between civilian and military resources. Aircraft played a major role in the conflict, enabling the strategic bombing of population centres and deploying the only two nuclear weapons ever used in war. World War II was by far the deadliest conflict in human history; it resulted in 70 to 85 million fatalities, mostly among civilians. Tens of millions died due to genocides (including the Holocaust), starvation, ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
秦郁彦
is a Japanese historian. He earned his PhD at the University of Tokyo and has taught history at several universities. He is the author of a number of influential and well-received scholarly works, particularly on topics related to Japan's role in the Second Sino-Japanese War and World War II. Hata is variously regarded as being a "conservative" historian or a "centrist". He has written extensively on such controversial subjects as the Nanking Massacre and the comfort women. Fellow historian Edward Drea has called him "the doyen of Japanese military historians". Education and career Ikuhiko Hata was born on 12 December 1932 in the city of Hōfu in Yamaguchi Prefecture. He graduated from the University of Tokyo in 1956 and received his PhD there in 1974. He worked as chief historian of the Japanese Ministry of Finance between 1956 and 1976 and during this period from 1963 to 1965 he was also a research assistant at Harvard University. After resigning his post at the Finance Min ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
