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Buellia Reagenella
''Buellia'' is a genus of mostly lichen-forming fungi in the family Caliciaceae. The fungi are usually part of a crustose lichen. In this case, the lichen species is given the same name as the fungus. But members may also grow as parasites on lichens ( lichenicolous). The algae in the lichen (the photobiont partner) is always a member of the genus ''Trebouxia''. Lichens in the genus are commonly called disc lichens, or button lichens.Field Guide to California Lichens, Stephen Sharnoff, Yale University Press, 2014, The genus has a widespread distribution and contains about 450 species. Genetic studies indicate that the genus '' Amandinea'' and ''Buellia'' may be the same,Scheidegger, C. 2009. Amandinea Choisy ex Scheid. & H. Mayrhofer (1993). In: C. W. Smith, A. Aptroot, B. J. Coppins, A. Fletcher, O. L. Gilbert, P. W. James and P. A. Wosley (eds.) The Lichens of Great Britain and Ireland. The British Lichen Society, Natural History Museum Publications, United Kingdom, p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Buellia Chloroleuca
''Buellia'' is a genus of mostly lichen-forming fungi in the family Caliciaceae. The fungi are usually part of a crustose lichen. In this case, the lichen species is given the same name as the fungus. But members may also grow as parasites on lichens (lichenicolous). The algae in the lichen (the photobiont partner) is always a member of the genus ''Trebouxia''. Lichens in the genus are commonly called disc lichens, or button lichens.Field Guide to California Lichens, Stephen Sharnoff, Yale University Press, 2014, The genus has a widespread distribution and contains about 450 species. Genetic studies indicate that the genus ''Amandinea'' and ''Buellia'' may be the same,Scheidegger, C. 2009. Amandinea Choisy ex Scheid. & H. Mayrhofer (1993). In: C. W. Smith, A. Aptroot, B. J. Coppins, A. Fletcher, O. L. Gilbert, P. W. James and P. A. Wosley (eds.) The Lichens of Great Britain and Ireland. The British Lichen Society, Natural History Museum Publications, United Kingdom, pp. 142– ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Species
In biology, a species is the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate sexes or mating types can produce fertile offspring, typically by sexual reproduction. Other ways of defining species include their karyotype, DNA sequence, morphology, behaviour or ecological niche. In addition, paleontologists use the concept of the chronospecies since fossil reproduction cannot be examined. The most recent rigorous estimate for the total number of species of eukaryotes is between 8 and 8.7 million. However, only about 14% of these had been described by 2011. All species (except viruses) are given a two-part name, a "binomial". The first part of a binomial is the genus to which the species belongs. The second part is called the specific name or the specific epithet (in botanical nomenclature, also sometimes i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Buellia Spuria
''Buellia spuria'', the disc lichen, is a white to light ashy gray crustose areolate lichen that grows on rocks (epilithic) in montane habitats.Nash, T.H., Ryan, B.D., Gries, C., Bugartz, F., (eds.) 2001. Lichen Flora of the Greater Sonoran Desert Region. Vol 3/ref> It has a black edge from the conspicuous, more or less continuous prothallus, which can also be seen in the cracks between the areolas forming a hypothallus, and in sharp contrast with the whitish or ashy colored areolas. It prefers mafic (siliceous) rock substrates. In Joshua Tree National Park is can be seen on vertical granite and gneiss faces in washes.Photo Gallery, Joshua Tree Lichens, Joshua Tree National Park website, National Park Service/ref> It is common worldwide in the Northern Hemisphere. It is very common in the Sonoran Desert from southern California to Arizona, Baja California, and Sonora, Chihuahua, and Sinaloa, Mexico Mexico (Spanish: México), officially the United Mexican States, is a count ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Buellia Dispersa
''Buellia dispersa'' is a dull white to beige or dark brown crustose areolate lichen that grows on non-calcareous rock, such as basalt, granite and gneiss, in arid to semi-arid areas of northern Africa, Europe, and southwestern North America.Lichen Flora of the Greater Sonoran Desert Region; Nash, T.H., Ryan, B.D., Gries, C., Bugartz, F., (eds.), 2001, Vol 3/ref>Buellia dispersa in the Joshua Tree National Park (California, U.S.A.) Map collection; Kerry Knudsen, Kocourková Jana; Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Department of Ecology, Czech Republic, 2012/ref> The areolas are distinct, becoming subsquamulose (lifting up at the edges) when separated and collecting in irregular patches, otherwise they form Rosette (botany), rosettes with lobed margins. There is no prothallus. It commonly occurs in the Mojave Desert, Channel Islands, and Santa Monica Mountains, also in the Cuyamaca Mountains, Santa Ana Mountains, and San Jacinto Mountains ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Buellia Concinna
''Buellia concinna'', the cinnabar button lichen, is a pale yellow to greenish or brownish bullate (bubble-like) to granular crustose lichen that prefers siliceous rock and cliff faces in temperate to subarctic, subalpine and alpine climates throughout the Northern Hemisphere.Field Guide to California Lichens, Stephen Sharnoff, Yale University Press, 2014, Buellia concina, Lichen Flora of the Greater Sonoran Desert Region, Nash, T.H., Ryan, B.D., Gries, C., Bugartz, F., (eds.) 2001/ref> In North America, it prefers higher altitudes such as in the Sierra Nevada range. Lecideine apothecia are sessile on the thallus and are in diameter with black discs. Lichen spot tests are C+ orange or pinkish, K+ yellow, KC- but CK+ orange, and it is UV+ yellow to ultraviolet light. Secondary metabolites include arthothelin, isoarthothelin, 6-O-methylarthothelin, 4, 5-dichloronorlichexanthone, 4, 5-dichloro-6-O-methylnorlichexanthone, asemone, thiophanic acid, gyrophoric acid, lecanori ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Buellia Badia
''Buellia badia'', the parasitic button lichen, is a dark chocolate-brown crustose areolate lichen of Europe, northern Africa, and North America that starts as a parasite growing on other lichens, such as Aspicilia phaea, gradually then becoming independent growing on rock (sometimes also on hardwood.Field Guide to California Lichens, Stephen Sharnoff, Yale University Press, 2014, Buellia badia, Lichen Flora of the Greater Sonoran Desert Region, Nash, T.H., Ryan, B.D., Gries, C., Bugartz, F., (eds.) 2001 Areoles may be contiguous or dispersed. Lecideine apothecia are 0.3 to 0.9 mm in diameter with black discs, that are initially flat, then become strongly convex as they age. Lichen spot tests are all negative. There are no known secondary metabolites as of (2001). It is similar in appearance and other ways to the chocolate brown '' Dimelaena californica'', which also starts off as a parasite on other lichens, and has spores of similar shape, size, and internal construction ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Buellia Asterella
''Buellia asterella'', commonly referred to as the starry breck lichen, is a rare, black and white lichen in the family Caliciaceae. Once found all across the central European grasslands, it was described as new to science in 1974. Today, it is classified by the IUCN Red List as Critically Endangered and only found in select regions in Norway and Germany. Taxonomy This lichen was originally described by Poelt and Sulzer in 1974. There aren’t any synonyms for this species of lichen. Description ''B. asterella'' is a white and black lichen, growing on the surface of the soil where it is found. The white section of this lichen is the thallus and the black discs found on top are its fruiting structure. These black discs produce their asci, which only contain 4 spores per asci. This is very uncharacteristic for the phylum of Ascomycota as many are found with 8 spores in their asci. Their spores also do not have any internal wall thickening. Habitat and Distribution ''B. ast ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Buellia Abstracta
''Buellia abstracta'' (synonym – ''Buellia sequax'') is a crustose lichen. In California, it is the most commonly occurring member of the ''Buellia'' genus, and is common in the Mojave Desert. See also * List of ''Buellia'' species References abstracta In metaphysics, the distinction between abstract and concrete refers to a divide between two types of entities. Many philosophers hold that this difference has fundamental metaphysical significance. Examples of concrete objects include plants, hum ... Lichen species Lichens of North America Lichens described in 1883 Taxa named by William Nylander (botanist) {{Caliciales-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amandinea
''Amandinea'' is a genus of lichenized fungi in the family Caliciaceae. Genetic studies indicates that the genus ''Amandinea'' and ''Buellia'' are the same,Scheidegger, C. 2009. Amandinea Choisy ex Scheid. & H. Mayrhofer (1993). In: C. W. Smith, A. Aptroot, B. J. Coppins, A. Fletcher, O. L. Gilbert, P. W. James and P. A. Wosley (eds.) The Lichens of Great Britain and Ireland. The British Lichen Society, Natural History Museum Publications, United Kingdom, pp. 142–144 although this is not widely accepted.Amandinea punctata in the Joshua Tree National Park (California, U.S.A.) Map collection: Kerry Knudsen, Kocourková Jana; Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Department of Ecology, Czech Republic; 2012 Taxonomy The genus was originally circumscribed by Maurice Choisy in 1950, with '' Amandinea coniops'' assigned as the type species. However, the name was published invalidly because it was not accompanied by a Latin description or diagnos ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Common Names Of Lichen Genera
This is a list of common names of lichen genera. When a common name for a lichen genus is the same as the scientific name for that genus, it is not included in the following list. This list only includes genera common names that are widely used, as indicated by the common name either appearing in a peer reviewed scientific publication or in a scientifically reliable reference source. A common name for a lichen genus will often uniquely refer to that genus, but not always. Sometimes the same common name may refer to several different genera, which may not be related by sharing common ancestry. An example is that " wart lichen" refers to at least five different genera in four different families. Sometimes the same genus may have more than one widely used common name. For example, members of the genus ''Staurothele'' are commonly called " wart lichens", and also "rock pimples". Lichen genus common names my come from the shape, color, or other feature of some members of a genus. Other m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trebouxia
''Trebouxia'' is a unicellular green alga.Silverside, A. J. (2009). Retrieved from http://www.bioref.lastdragon.org/Chlorophyta/''Trebouxia''.html It is a photosynthetic organism that can exist in almost all habitats found in polar, tropical, and temperate regions.Erokhina, L. G., Shatilovich, A. V., Kaminskaya, O. P., & Gilichinskii, D. A. (2004). Spectral Properties of the Green Alga ''Trebouxia'', a Phycobiont of Cryptoendolithic Lichens in the Antarctic Dry Valley. Microbiology,73(4), 420-424. doi:10.1023/b:mici.0000036987.18559Lukesova, A., & Frouz, J. (2007). Soil and Freshwater Micro-Algae as a Food Source for Invertebrates in Extreme Environments. Cellular Origin, Life in Extreme Habitats and Astrobiology Algae and Cyanobacteria in Extreme Environments,265-284. doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-6112-7_14Seckbach, J. (2007). Algae and cyanobacteria in extreme environments. Dordrecht: Springer. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6112-7Seckbach, J. (2002). Symbiosis: Mechanisms and m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Photobiont
A lichen ( , ) is a composite organism that arises from algae or cyanobacteria living among filaments of multiple fungi species in a mutualistic relationship.Introduction to Lichens – An Alliance between Kingdoms . University of California Museum of Paleontology. Lichens have properties different from those of their component organisms. They come in many colors, sizes, and forms and are sometimes plant-like, but are not s. They may have tiny, leafless branches (); flat leaf-like structures ( |
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