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Bookham Common
Bookham Commons are two commons, situated just to the north of the villages of Great Bookham and Little Bookham, in Surrey, England, in extent; the individual parts are named Great Bookham Common and Little Bookham Common. A group of dwellings known as the Isle of Wight is situated within the site, and a track, Common Road, leads to it from the northwest. Little Bookham Common (the smaller of the two parts of the site) lies south and west of this track, whereas Great Bookham Common lies to the east. Together the two commons comprise a Site of Special Scientific Interest. The site is owned by the National Trust. A network of public footpaths and public bridleways cross the site: in addition, there are a number of concessionary horse rides. Site description The site sits on London Clay. Habitat types present include woodland, scrub, grassland and open water. Woodland covers approximately two-thirds of the site. The majority of this woodland is mature and dominated by pedu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Common Land
Common land is land owned by a person or collectively by a number of persons, over which other persons have certain common rights, such as to allow their livestock to graze upon it, to collect Wood fuel, wood, or to cut turf for fuel. A person who has a right in, or over, common land jointly with another or others is usually called a commoner. In the New Forest, the New Forest Commoner is recognised as a minority cultural identity as well as an agricultural vocation, and members of this community are referred to as Commoners. In Great Britain, common land or former common land is usually referred to as a common; for instance, Clapham Common and Mungrisdale Common. Due to enclosure, the extent of common land is now much reduced from the millions of acres that existed until the 17th century, but a considerable amount of common land still exists, particularly in upland areas. There are over 8,000 registered commons in England alone. Origins Originally in medieval England the co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pond
A pond is an area filled with water, either natural or artificial, that is smaller than a lake. Defining them to be less than in area, less than deep, and with less than 30% emergent vegetation helps in distinguishing their ecology from that of lakes and wetlands.Clegg, J. (1986). Observer's Book of Pond Life. Frederick Warne, London Ponds can be created by a wide variety of natural processes (e.g. on floodplains as cutoff river channels, by glacial processes, by peatland formation, in coastal dune systems, by beavers), or they can simply be isolated depressions (such as a kettle hole, vernal pool, prairie pothole, or simply natural undulations in undrained land) filled by runoff, groundwater, or precipitation, or all three of these. They can be further divided into four zones: vegetation zone, open water, bottom mud and surface film. The size and depth of ponds often varies greatly with the time of year; many ponds are produced by spring flooding from rivers. Ponds may be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fat Duckweed
''Lemna gibba'', the gibbous duckweed, swollen duckweed, or fat duckweed, is a species of ''Lemna'' (duckweed). It has a simple plant body, known as a thallus, which floats on the surface of the water and measures in diameter. A single root hangs down into the water. Found in a wide range of still or slow-flowing water bodies, this common duckweed can also grow on mud or damp rocks. Distribution Distribution is in temperate areas in Europe, including Britain, to the Himalayas, Africa, South America, and North America North America is a continent in the Northern Hemisphere and almost entirely within the Western Hemisphere. It is bordered to the north by the Arctic Ocean, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, to the southeast by South America and the Car .... This duckweed is one of Britain's most common small water plants, which forms familiar green mats covering stagnant water bodies. Widespread throughout Great Britain, but is absent from much of Scotland and Shetland. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Greater Duckweed
''Spirodela polyrhiza'' ( ''S. polyrrhiza'') is a species of duckweed known by the common names common duckmeat, greater duckweed, great duckmeat, common duckweed, and duckmeat. It can be found nearly worldwide in many types of freshwater habitat. Description ''Spirodela polyrhiza'' is a perennial aquatic plant usually growing in dense colonies, forming a mat on the water surface. Each plant is a smooth, round, flat disc 0.5 to 1.0 cm wide. Its upper surface is mostly green, sometimes red, while the lower surface is dark red. It produces several minute roots and a pouch containing male and female flowers. The top part dies in the fall and the plant often overwinters as a turion. The turion sinks to the bottom of the water body and stays in a dormant phase, until water temperature reaches 15 °C. The turions then germinate on the bottom of the water body and start a new life cycle. As this species lives in ponds and slow-moving water bodies, differs developmentally fr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ophioglossum Vulgatum
''Ophioglossum vulgatum'', commonly known as adder's-tongue, southern adders-tongue or adders-tongue fern, is a species of fern in the family ''Ophioglossaceae''. The adder’s tongue fern is generally believed to have the largest number of chromosomes wit1262 compared to the human’s 46. Distribution It is native to many regions with a wide scattered distribution: throughout temperate through tropical Africa and throughout the temperate Northern Hemisphere in Europe, northeastern North America, temperate Asia, and Eurasia. This small, hard-to-spot plant can occur singly in unimproved pastures, rock crevices and grassy path-sides, but also can occur in colonies of hundreds of plants in sand dunes. Description ''Ophioglossum vulgatum'' grows from a rhizome base to 10–20 cm tall (rarely to 30 cm). It consists of a two-part frond, separated into a rounded diamond-shaped sheath and narrow spore-bearing spike. The spike has around 10-40 segments on each side. It repro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spiked Sedge
''Carex spicata'' is a species of sedge in the genus ''Carex''. Description The culms of ''Carex spicata'' are long and approximately triangular in section. The leaves are long and wide, with a distinct keel. The ligule, at the base of the leaf, is long, with a large amount of loose white tissue. ''C. spicata'' differs from the other species in ''Carex'' section ''Phaestoglochin'' by the presence of a purple pigment in the roots, leaf sheaths and bracts. The inflorescence is long, and comprises 3–8 spikes. Each spike is long, with female (pistillate) flowers at the base, and male (staminate) flowers at the tip. Distribution and ecology ''Carex spicata'' has a European temperate distribution, although it has been extensively naturalised outside this native range. ''Carex spicata'' is usually found in grassland (usually in British NVC community MG10 in the British Isles), on roadsides, and in waste ground. It is found on heavy, slightly base-rich soils, and cannot toler ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pepper-saxifrage
''Silaum silaus'', commonly known as pepper-saxifrage, is a perennial plant in the family Apiaceae (Umbelliferae) (the carrot family) found across south-eastern, central, and western Europe, including the British Isles. It grows in damp grasslands on neutral soils. Description ''Silaum silaus'' is an erect, glabrous umbellifer with woody, stout and cylindrical tap roots, which are hot and aromatic. ''S. silaus'' has dark grey or black petioles at the top; petiole remains are found at the bottom of the stem, which is solid and striate. Its umbels are 2–6 cm in diameter, are terminal or axillary, and compound, with 4 to 15 angled rays of 1–3 cm; the peduncle is larger than the rays, and both are papillose. The flowers are mostly hermaphroditic. ''Silaum silaus'' has 2–4-pinnate leaves, which have a triangular and lanceolate outline, a long petiole and the primary divisions are long-stalked. Segments are 10–15 mm long, shaped from lanceolate to lin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Southern Marsh-orchid
''Dactylorhiza praetermissa'', the southern marsh orchid or leopard marsh orchid, is a commonly occurring species of European orchid. Description ''Dactylorhiza praetermissa'' grows to tall, with leaves generally unspotted. The flowers, appearing from May to July, are various shades of pink with variable markings. The basal lip of the flower is rounded. This species is able to form hybrids with other ''Dactylorhiza'' species, and crosses with ''Dactylorhiza fuchsii'' occur especially often. Distribution and habitat It is native to northern and central Europe (Britain, Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Germany, Netherlands, Belgium, France, Estonia and Latvia). It is also reportedly naturalized in Italy and in parts of Canada (Ontario and Newfoundland). This species is found close to water, in damp alkaline meadows, by ponds, lakes or reservoirs and in dune slacks. Ecology The flowers of this species are pollinated by insects including the cuckoo bee and skipper butterfly. ''Da ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zygodon Conoideus
''Zygodon'' is a genus of moss in family Orthotrichaceae Orthotrichaceae is the only family of mosses in the order Orthotrichales. Many species in the family are epiphytic. Classification *'' Cardotiella'' *'' Ceuthotheca'' *'' Codonoblepharon'' *'' Desmotheca'' *'' Florschuetziella'' *'' Groutiella' .... Species * '' Zygodon gracilis'' References Moss genera Orthotrichales Taxa named by Thomas Taylor (botanist) {{bryophyte-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bryophyte
The Bryophyta s.l. are a proposed taxonomic division containing three groups of non-vascular land plants (embryophytes): the liverworts, hornworts and mosses. Bryophyta s.s. consists of the mosses only. They are characteristically limited in size and prefer moist habitats although they can survive in drier environments. The bryophytes consist of about 20,000 plant species. Bryophytes produce enclosed reproductive structures (gametangia and sporangia), but they do not produce flowers or seeds. They reproduce sexually by spores and asexually by fragmentation or the production of gemmae. Though bryophytes were considered a paraphyletic group in recent years, almost all of the most recent phylogenetic evidence supports the monophyly of this group, as originally classified by Wilhelm Schimper in 1879. The term ''bryophyte'' comes . Terminology The term "Bryophyta" was first suggested by Braun in 1864. G.M. Smith placed this group between Algae and Pteridophyta. Features The d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rosa Stylosa
''Rosa stylosa'', the short-styled field rose, is a species of flowering plant in the family Rosaceae Rosaceae (), the rose family, is a medium-sized family of flowering plants that includes 4,828 known species in 91 genera. The name is derived from the type genus ''Rosa''. Among the most species-rich genera are ''Alchemilla'' (270), ''Sorbus ..., native to western and southern Europe, and northwestern Africa. It has gone extinct in Hungary. It is not readily available from commercial suppliers. References stylosa Flora of Ireland Flora of Great Britain Flora of Belgium Flora of Germany Flora of Switzerland Flora of Austria Flora of Portugal Flora of Spain Flora of France Flora of Italy Flora of Greece Flora of Morocco Flora of Algeria Flora of Tunisia Plants described in 1809 {{Rosa-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rosa Micrantha
''Rosa micrantha'', the small-flowered sweet briar, is a species of flowering plant in the family Rosaceae. It is native to most of Europe, the Atlas Mountains The Atlas Mountains are a mountain range in the Maghreb in North Africa. It separates the Sahara Desert from the Mediterranean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean; the name "Atlantic" is derived from the mountain range. It stretches around through Moroc ... of Africa, the Caucasus region, Turkey, Lebanon, and Syria, and it has been introduced to eastern North America, Argentina, and New Zealand. A shrub reaching , it is not readily available in commerce. References micrantha Flora of Morocco Flora of Algeria Flora of Tunisia Flora of Great Britain Flora of Sweden Flora of Southwestern Europe Flora of Middle Europe Flora of Southeastern Europe Flora of Ukraine Flora of the Crimean Peninsula Flora of the Caucasus Flora of Turkey Flora of Syria Flora of Lebanon Plants described in 1813 {{Rosa-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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