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Bible Translations Into Danish
Bible translations into Danish prior to the Danish Reformation were limited. However in the mid-16th century with the Reformation's emphasis on direct study of the Bible, the need for Danish-language editions accelerated. Currently, the oversees translation and production of Church of Denmark-authorized Danish-language Bibles with the most recent full translation completed in 1992. Prior to the Reformation Prior to the Danish Reformation, only a few biblical writings had been translated into Danish. The most extensive was the ''Gammeldansk Bibel'' written and translating the first 12 books of the Bible from the Latin Vulgate into Middle Danish. The translation was a difficult process resulting in a mix of literal translation and interpretation. Post Reformation Since the 1500s, however, the history of Danish Bible translations can generally be divided into three main periods. The legacy of Luther (16th – 17th century) With the Reformation came an increased interest ensuri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reformation In Denmark–Norway And Holstein
The Reformation in Denmark–Norway and Holstein saw the transition from Catholicism to Lutheranism in the realms ruled by the Danish-based House of Oldenburg in the first half of the sixteenth century. After the break-up of the Kalmar Union in 1521/1523, these realms included the kingdoms of Denmark (with the former east Danish provinces in Skåneland) and Norway (with Iceland, Greenland and the Faroe Islands) and the Duchies of Schleswig (a Danish fief) and Holstein (a German fief), whereby Denmark also extended over today's Gotland (now part of Sweden) and Øsel in Estonia. The Protestant Reformation reached Holstein and Denmark in the 1520s. Lutheran figures like Hans Tausen gained considerable support in the population and from Christian II, and though the latter's successor Frederick I officially condemned the reformatory ideas, he tolerated their spread. His son Christian III officially introduced Lutheranism into his possessions in 1528, and on becoming king in 1536 afte ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Biblical Inspiration
Biblical inspiration is the doctrine in Christian theology that the human writers and canonizers of the Bible were led by God with the result that their writings may be designated in some sense the word of God. This belief is traditionally associated with concepts of the biblical infallibility and the internal consistency of the Bible. Etymology In Greek grammar, the -tos ending in ''theopneustos'' designates a passive construct whereby the subject God is breathing out the object (scripture). The word "inspiration" comes from the Latin noun ''inspiratio'' and from the verb ''inspirare''. is a compound term resulting from the Latin prefix ''in'' (inside, into) and the verb ''spirare'' (to breathe). (See .) ''Inspirare'' meant originally "to blow into", as for example in the sentence of the Roman poet Ovid: "''conchae ..sonanti inspirare iubet''" ("he orders to blow into the resonant ..shell"). In classic Roman times, ''inspirare'' had already come to mean "to breathe deepl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bible Translations By Language
The United Bible Societies reported that the Bible, in whole or part, has been translated in more than 3,324 languages (including an increasing number of sign languages), including complete Old or New Testaments in 2,189 languages, and the complete text of the Bible (Protestant canon) in 804 languages. According to Wycliffe Bible Translators, in October 2017, 3,312 languages had access to at least a book of the Bible, including 1,121 languages with a book or more, 1,521 language groups with access to the New Testament in their native language and 670 the full Bible. It is estimated by Wycliffe Bible Translators that translation may be required in 1,636 languages where no work is currently known to be in progress. They also estimate that there are currently around 2,584 languages which have active Bible translation projects (with or without some portion already published). [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nynorsk
Nynorsk () () is one of the two written standards of the Norwegian language, the other being Bokmål. From 12 May 1885, it became the state-sanctioned version of Ivar Aasen's standard Norwegian language ( no, Landsmål) parallel to the Dano-Norwegian written language (''Riksmål''). Nynorsk became the name in 1929, and it is after a series of reforms still a variation which is closer to , whereas Bokmål is closer to ''Riksmål'' and Danish. Between 10 and 15 percent of Norwegians (Primarily in the west around the city of Bergen,) have Nynorsk as their official language form, estimated by the number of students attending ''videregående skole'' (secondary education). Nynorsk is also taught as a mandatory subject in both high school and elementary school for all Norwegians who do not have it as their own language form. History Danish was the written language of Norway until 1814, and Danish with Norwegian intonation and pronunciation was on occasion spoken in the cities (see Da ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bokmål
Bokmål () (, ; ) is an official written standard for the Norwegian language, alongside Nynorsk. Bokmål is the preferred written standard of Norwegian for 85% to 90% of the population in Norway. Unlike, for instance, the Italian language, there is no nationwide standard or agreement on the pronunciation of Bokmål. Bokmål is regulated by the governmental Language Council of Norway. A more conservative orthographic standard, commonly known as ''Riksmål'', is regulated by the non-governmental Norwegian Academy for Language and Literature. The written standard is a Norwegianised variety of the Danish language. The first Bokmål orthography was officially adopted in 1907 under the name ''Riksmål'' after being under development since 1879. The architects behind the reform were Marius Nygaard and Jacob Jonathan Aars. It was an adaptation of written Danish, which was commonly used since the past union with Denmark, to the Dano-Norwegian koiné spoken by the Norwegian urban elite, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bible Translations In Norway
Bible translations in Norway date back to the late 13th century. Since the first spread of Christianity in Norway, numerous translations of the Bible have been published. Translations have appeared in several of the official languages that Norway has had throughout its history, including editions in Old Norse, Danish, and both current standard forms Nynorsk and Bokmål. Old Norwegian "Stjórn" At the end of the 13th century, some parts of the Old Testament were translated into Old Norse. This rendering of the text became known as "Stjórn", meaning "Government," because it was most likely done at the court of King Haakon V. It serves as more of a paraphrase of the Bible than as a strict translation. The text was published in Norway by C. R. Unger in 1862, and the edition influenced later translations of the Bible into Norwegian. Only two manuscripts of the text are known today, neither in Old Norse, but rather having been themselves translated into the Icelandic. Danish ed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Danish Contemporary Bible 2020
Danish Contemporary Bible 2020 ( da, Bibelen 2020 ) is a Bible translation into Danish which attracted controversy for its nonliteral translations and omitting some references to Israel. In particular, it changed references in The New Testament to "Israel" to "the Jewish people" where the latter was meant, ostensibly because most secular readers understand "Israel" as referring to the land of Israel and not the people of Israel. Other references to Jewish people are changed to refer to all of mankind. However, direct references to the land of Israel and its kings were preserved in the translation. And “Israel” and “Israelites” are mentioned more than 2000 times in the Danish Contemporary Bible 2020. Philologos wrote that the translation rejects replacement theology Supersessionism, also called replacement theology or fulfillment theology, is a Christian theology which asserts that the New Covenant through Jesus in Christianity, Jesus Christ has superseded or replaced th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Haftarah
The ''haftara'' or (in Ashkenazic pronunciation) ''haftorah'' (alt. ''haftarah, haphtara'', he, הפטרה) "parting," "taking leave", (plural form: ''haftarot'' or ''haftoros'') is a series of selections from the books of ''Nevi'im'' ("Prophets") of the Hebrew Bible (''Tanakh'') that is publicly read in synagogue as part of Jewish religious practice. The ''haftara'' reading follows the Torah reading on each Sabbath and on Jewish festivals and ta'anit, fast days. Typically, the ''haftara'' is thematically linked to the ''parashah'' (weekly Torah portion) that precedes it. The ''haftara'' is sung in a chant. (Chanting of Biblical texts is known as "''trope''" in Yiddish or "Cantillation" in English.) Related blessings precede and follow the haftara reading. The origin of haftara reading is lost to history, and several theories have been proposed to explain its role in Jewish practice, suggesting it arose in response to the persecution of the Jews under Antiochus IV Epiphane ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abraham Wolff
Abraham Alexander Wolff ( he, אברהם אלכסנדר וולף; 29 April 1801 – 3 December 1891) was the chief rabbi of Denmark and translator of the Torah into Danish. Wolff was born in Darmstadt, Hesse-Darmstadt, to the merchant Alexander W. Gans and his wife Henriette. He lived in Damstadt until the age of 16 at which time he was sent away to study as a Judaic scholar. He first studied with a rabbi in Mainz before studying under Chief Rabbi Abraham Bing in Würzburg, Bavaria. In 1819, he entered the University of Würzburg, studying philosophy and theology. He completed his studies in 1821 at the University of Giessen with a dissertation on the Prophet Habakkuk. After graduating, he was appointed rabbi in Giessen and in 1826 Louis I, Grand Duke of Hesse, named him chief rabbi of the Grand Duchy of Hesse. That same year, he married Johanna Goldschmidt in Frankfurt am Main. Two years later, Frederick VI named Wolff chief rabbi of Denmark with the approval of Copenhagen's , ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pentateuch
The Torah (; hbo, ''Tōrā'', "Instruction", "Teaching" or "Law") is the compilation of the first five books of the Hebrew Bible, namely the books of Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers and Deuteronomy. In that sense, Torah means the same as Pentateuch or the Five Books of Moses. It is also known in the Jewish tradition as the Written Torah (, ). If meant for liturgic purposes, it takes the form of a Torah scroll (''Sefer Torah''). If in bound book form, it is called ''Chumash'', and is usually printed with the rabbinic commentaries (). At times, however, the word ''Torah'' can also be used as a synonym for the whole of the Hebrew Bible or Tanakh, in which sense it includes not only the first five, but all 24 books of the Hebrew Bible. Finally, Torah can even mean the totality of Jewish teaching, culture, and practice, whether derived from biblical texts or later rabbinic writings. The latter is often known as the Oral Torah. Representing the core of the Jewish spiritu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Exegesis
Exegesis ( ; from the Ancient Greek, Greek , from , "to lead out") is a critical explanation or interpretation (logic), interpretation of a text. The term is traditionally applied to the interpretation of Bible, Biblical works. In modern usage, exegesis can involve critical interpretations of virtually any text, including not just religious texts but also philosophy, literature, or virtually any other genre of writing. The phrase ''Biblical exegesis'' can be used to distinguish studies of the Bible from other critical textual explanations. Textual criticism investigates the history and origins of the text, but exegesis may include the study of the historical and cultural backgrounds of the author, text, and original audience. Other analyses include classification of the type of literary genres presented in the text and analysis of grammar, grammatical and syntax, syntactical features in the text itself. Usage One who practices exegesis is called an ''exegete'' (; from the Greek ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Biblical Criticism
Biblical criticism is the use of critical analysis to understand and explain the Bible. During the eighteenth century, when it began as ''historical-biblical criticism,'' it was based on two distinguishing characteristics: (1) the concern to avoid dogma and bias by applying a neutral, non-sectarian, reason-based judgment to the study of the Bible, and (2) the belief that the reconstruction of the historical events behind the texts, as well as the history of how the texts themselves developed, would lead to a correct understanding of the Bible. This sets it apart from earlier, pre-critical methods; from the anti-critical methods of those who oppose criticism-based study; from later post-critical orientation, and from the many different types of criticism which biblical criticism transformed into in the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries. Most scholars believe the German Enlightenment () led to the creation of biblical criticism, although some assert that its roots ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
