Benjamin Flounders
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Benjamin Flounders
Benjamin Flounders (17 June 1768 – 19 April 1846His biography, ''How durst he do that'' (2007), dates his death as 20 April.) was a prominent English Quaker with business interests in key new industries and developments at the time of the Mid-Industrial Revolution, such as The Stockton and Darlington Railway (of which he was a founding Director) and new canals in his native North-East England; he operated his own family businesses very successfully with large interests in timber for shipbuilding (at the time of the War with France), also owning two linen mills and large estates in places as diverse as Egham, Surrey and Glasgow. > Early life Flounders was born at Crathorne in 1768, and educated at Ackworth School, Leeds. Family losses Flounders' life was touched by tragedy with the loss of his first wife Mary Walker (daughter of a Quaker shipbuilder) while giving birth to a premature baby in 1801. They had only married two years previously. Mary, his wife, had produced a d ...
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England
England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Wales to its west and Scotland to its north. The Irish Sea lies northwest and the Celtic Sea to the southwest. It is separated from continental Europe by the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south. The country covers five-eighths of the island of Great Britain, which lies in the North Atlantic, and includes over 100 smaller islands, such as the Isles of Scilly and the Isle of Wight. The area now called England was first inhabited by modern humans during the Upper Paleolithic period, but takes its name from the Angles, a Germanic tribe deriving its name from the Anglia peninsula, who settled during the 5th and 6th centuries. England became a unified state in the 10th century and has had a significant cultural and legal impact on the wider world since the Age of Discovery, which began during the 15th century. The English language, the Anglican Church, and Engli ...
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Church Of England
The Church of England (C of E) is the established Christian church in England and the mother church of the international Anglican Communion. It traces its history to the Christian church recorded as existing in the Roman province of Britain by the 3rd century and to the 6th-century Gregorian mission to Kent led by Augustine of Canterbury. The English church renounced papal authority in 1534 when Henry VIII failed to secure a papal annulment of his marriage to Catherine of Aragon. The English Reformation accelerated under Edward VI's regents, before a brief restoration of papal authority under Queen Mary I and King Philip. The Act of Supremacy 1558 renewed the breach, and the Elizabethan Settlement charted a course enabling the English church to describe itself as both Reformed and Catholic. In the earlier phase of the English Reformation there were both Roman Catholic martyrs and radical Protestant martyrs. The later phases saw the Penal Laws punish Ro ...
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Brecon Beacons
The Brecon Beacons ( cy, Bannau Brycheiniog, ) are a mountain range in South Wales. In a narrow sense, the name refers to the range of Old Red Sandstone peaks which lie to the south of Brecon. Sometimes referred to as "the central Beacons" they include South Wales' highest mountain, Pen y Fan. The range forms the central section of the Brecon Beacons National Park (), a designation which also encompasses ranges both to the east and the west of "the central Beacons". This much wider area is also commonly referred to as "the Brecon Beacons", and it includes the Black Mountains to the east as well as the similarly named but quite distinct Black Mountain to the west. The highest peaks include Fan Brycheiniog to the west and Pen y Fan in the central part. They share the same basic geology as the central range, and so exhibit many similar features, such as the north-facing escarpment and glacial features such as lakes and cwms ( cirques). Geography The Brecon Beacons range, in ...
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Clee Hills
The Clee Hills are a range of hills in Shropshire, England near Ludlow, consisting of Brown Clee Hill , the highest peak in Shropshire, and Titterstone Clee Hill . They are both in the Shropshire Hills Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. Geography The hills stretch over 15 miles and run north - south, and for about this distance the lowest point along the hills is just under . Titterstone Clee Hill is around five miles south of Brown Clee Hill. The B4364 road from Ludlow to Bridgnorth runs between the two hills, offering good views of both. The hills have been said to form a "gateway" from the built up areas of the West Midlands to the hills and rural landscape of Wales and are at the heart of the Welsh Marches. Much quarrying has taken place on the hills over the years, and there are large air traffic control domes and radar towers on the summits of both hills which can be seen for many miles around. Views Views from the west of the hills spread as far as Snowdonia and Cadair I ...
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Long Mynd
, photo = , photo_alt = , photo_caption = View down Townbrook Valley toward Burway Hill , country_type = , country = England , subdivision1_type = County , subdivision1 = Shropshire , borders_on = , biome = HeathlandMoorland , topo_map = , topo_maker = , highest = Pole Bank , highest_location = , elevation_m = 516 , elevation_system = , coordinates = , length_km = 11.26 , width_km = 4.8 , area_km2 = 54 , length_orientation= N-S , width_orientation = E-W , length_ref = , width_ref = , area_ref = , parent = , range_coordinates = , range_coordinates_ref= , formed_by = Glaciation , geology = Sandstone , age = Quaternary , orogeny = , map = Shropshire , map_alt = , map_caption = The Long Mynd , map_ ...
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Stretton Hills
Stretton may refer to: People *Stretton (surname) *(Arthur) Stretton Reeve (1907-1981), English clergyman Places England Stretton means "settlement on a Roman Road" (from the Old English "stræt" and "tun"). Of the seventeen places in England, all but two are situated on a Roman road, the exceptions being Stretton Westwood and Stretton en le Field. Cheshire *Stretton, Cheshire West and Chester ** Stretton Hall, Cheshire ** Stretton Lower Hall ** Stretton Old Hall ** Stretton Watermill *Stretton, Warrington **''Lower Stretton'' **RNAS Stretton (HMS Blackcap) Derbyshire * Stretton, Derbyshire ** Stretton railway station Herefordshire *Stretton Grandison * Stretton Sugwas Leicestershire * Stretton en le Field *Little Stretton, Leicestershire **'' Stretton Magna'' / ''Great Stretton'' ** Stretton Hall, Leicestershire Rutland *Stretton, Rutland Shropshire *Stretton Westwood *Church Stretton ** All Stretton **All Stretton Halt railway station **Church Stretton railway station **Li ...
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Wenlock Edge
Wenlock Edge is a limestone escarpment near Much Wenlock, Shropshire, England and a site of special scientific interest because of its geology. It is over long, running southwest to northeast between Craven Arms and Much Wenlock, and is roughly 1,083 feet above sea level. The deciduous woodland which runs along it covers much of the steep slopes of the escarpment and in parts it is very well preserved. It was featured on the 2005 TV programme ''Seven Natural Wonders'' as one of the wonders of the Midlands. Wenlock Edge contains many interesting features such as Flounders' Folly, Wilderhope Manor and Shipton Hall and waymarked walks such as the Shropshire Way and bridleways such as the Jack Mytton Way. It is a popular area for hillwalking, cycling, mountain biking and horseriding and is also frequented by tourists and sightseers. Robert Hart created a model forest garden from a small orchard on his farm called Highwood Hill in Wenlock Edge. Geology The "world famous ...
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Callow Hill, Shropshire
Callow Hill is a hill near the village of Lower Dinchope between Craven Arms and Ludlow in the English county of Shropshire Shropshire (; alternatively Salop; abbreviated in print only as Shrops; demonym Salopian ) is a landlocked historic county in the West Midlands region of England. It is bordered by Wales to the west and the English counties of Cheshire to th .... Its summit marks the highest point along the 31 kilometre length of Wenlock Edge. On the skyline is a square tower known as Flounders' Folly. References {{Reflist Hills of Shropshire Craven Arms ...
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Craven Arms
Craven Arms is a market town and civil parish in Shropshire, England, on the A49 road and the Welsh Marches railway line, which link it north and south to the larger towns of Shrewsbury and Ludlow respectively. The Heart of Wales railway line joins the Welsh Marches line at Craven Arms and the town is served by Craven Arms railway station. The town is enclosed to the north by the Shropshire Hills Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty, and to the south is the fortified manor house of Stokesay Castle. Craven Arms is a market town for the surrounding rural area, with a number of shops, banks, estate agents, a supermarket, an abattoir and many commercial/light industrial businesses. It is also a visitor destination, being home or nearby to a number of attractions, and being central for visitors to the area of outstanding natural beauty. It describes itself as the "Gateway to the Marches". History Craven Arms is a relatively new town (for Shropshire), being only a small village call ...
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Flounders' Folly
Flounders' Folly is a tower, built in 1838, on Callow Hill, near Craven Arms at the western end of Wenlock Edge in Shropshire, England. The tower is approximately tall and square and is clearly visible (on the skyline) from the Cardiff–Crewe railway line, just north of Craven Arms and also from the busy A49 Shrewsbury to Hereford road. Many walks ascend the hill from various points and it is mentioned in many walking guides to Shropshire. History It dates from 1838, when it was erected by Benjamin Flounders (1768–1846) to mark the boundaries between four large estates and maybe to celebrate his attaining his 70th year, his 'threescore years and ten'. Over the years following Flounders' death the tower slowly fell into disrepair on its exposed hilltop (it stands on Callow Hill, part of the same system as Wenlock Edge). Already in need of restoration in the 1920s, by the 1980s it was in a dangerous and unstable condition; the castellated top of the tower collapsed i ...
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Rome
, established_title = Founded , established_date = 753 BC , founder = King Romulus (legendary) , image_map = Map of comune of Rome (metropolitan city of Capital Rome, region Lazio, Italy).svg , map_caption = The territory of the ''comune'' (''Roma Capitale'', in red) inside the Metropolitan City of Rome (''Città Metropolitana di Roma'', in yellow). The white spot in the centre is Vatican City. , pushpin_map = Italy#Europe , pushpin_map_caption = Location within Italy##Location within Europe , pushpin_relief = yes , coordinates = , coor_pinpoint = , subdivision_type = Country , subdivision_name = Italy , subdivision_type2 = Region , subdivision_name2 = Lazio , subdivision_type3 = Metropolitan city , subdivision_name3 = Rome Capital , government_footnotes= , government_type = Strong Mayor–Council , leader_title2 = Legislature , leader_name2 = Capitoline Assemb ...
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Grand Tour
The Grand Tour was the principally 17th- to early 19th-century custom of a traditional trip through Europe, with Italy as a key destination, undertaken by upper-class young European men of sufficient means and rank (typically accompanied by a tutor or family member) when they had come of age (about 21 years old). The custom—which flourished from about 1660 until the advent of large-scale rail transport in the 1840s and was associated with a standard itinerary—served as an educational rite of passage. Though it was primarily associated with the British nobility and wealthy landed gentry, similar trips were made by wealthy young men of other Protestant Northern European nations, and, from the second half of the 18th century, by some South and North Americans. By the mid-18th century, the Grand Tour had become a regular feature of aristocratic education in Central Europe as well, although it was restricted to the higher nobility. The tradition declined in Europe as enthusiasm fo ...
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