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Battle Of Sandepu
The Battle of Sandepu (also known as the Battle of Heikoutai) ( ja, 黒溝台会戦 (''Kokkōdai no kaisen''), russian: Сражение при Сандепу) was a major land battle of the Russo-Japanese War. It was fought within a group of villages about southwest of Mukden, Manchuria.Kowner, '' Historical Dictionary of the Russo-Japanese War'', pp. 342–343. Background After the Battle of Shaho, the Russian and Japanese forces faced each other south of Mukden until the frozen Manchurian winter began. The Russians were entrenched in the city of Mukden, while the Japanese occupied a 160-kilometer front with the Japanese 1st Army, 2nd Army, 4th Army and the Akiyama Independent Cavalry Regiment. The Japanese field commanders thought no major battle was possible and assumed that the Russians had the same view regarding the difficulty of winter combat. The Russian commander, General Aleksey Kuropatkin was receiving reinforcements via the Trans-Siberian Railway but was conce ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russo-Japanese War
The Russo-Japanese War ( ja, 日露戦争, Nichiro sensō, Japanese-Russian War; russian: Ру́сско-япóнская войнá, Rússko-yapónskaya voyná) was fought between the Empire of Japan and the Russian Empire during 1904 and 1905 over rival imperial ambitions in Manchuria and the Korean Empire. The major theatres of military operations were located in Liaodong Peninsula and Mukden in Southern Manchuria, and the Yellow Sea and the Sea of Japan. Russia sought a warm-water port on the Pacific Ocean both for its navy and for maritime trade. Vladivostok remained ice-free and operational only during the summer; Port Arthur, a naval base in Liaodong Province leased to Russia by the Qing dynasty of China from 1897, was operational year round. Russia had pursued an expansionist policy east of the Urals, in Siberia and the Far East, since the reign of Ivan the Terrible in the 16th century. Since the end of the First Sino-Japanese War in 1895, Japan had feared Russian en ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Akiyama Yoshifuru
was a general in the Imperial Japanese Army, and is considered the father of modern Japanese cavalry. He was older brother to Vice Admiral Akiyama Saneyuki Biography Early life Born as the third son to a poor samurai in the Matsuyama Domain, Iyo Province (modern Ehime Prefecture), Akiyama's family was so poor in his childhood that he was forced to work as a fire stoker and janitor in a local public bathhouse for a pittance each day. Akiyama entered the ''Rikugun Shikan Gakkō'' (the forerunner of the Imperial Japanese Army Academy) in 1877. He went on to attend the Army Staff College Staff colleges (also command and staff colleges and War colleges) train military officers in the administrative, military staff and policy aspects of their profession. It is usual for such training to occur at several levels in a career. For exa ..., and was sent as a military attaché to France to study cavalry tactics and techniques. He was the only Japanese officer sent to study at the É ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Georgii Stackelberg
Georg August Paul Freiherr von Stackelberg (russian: Георгий Карлович Штакельберг, translit=Georgij Karlovič Štakel'berg; ) was a Baltic German cavalry general in the service of the Imperial Russian Army. He was noted for his role during the Russo-Japanese War, especially during the Battle of Sandepu, in which he was awarded the Order of St. George afterwards. Biography Stackelberg was from a Baltic German noble family and graduated from the Nicholas General Staff Academy in 1869. His older brother Konstantin was a famous composer and the director of the Imperial Music Choir. (now the St. Petersburg Philharmonic Orchestra) As a commander in the 1st Semirechye Cossacks from 1874 to 1876, Stackelberg distinguished himself during the Russian conquest of the Khanate of Khiva and the Kokand expedition of 1875 under General Konstantin von Kaufman. He was wounded in combat, and although nominated for numerous awards, he refused to accept any. From Augu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1st Siberian Army Corps
The 1st Siberian Army Corps was an elite unit of the Imperial Russian Army. It was raised in May 1900 and disbanded in August 1918. History The 1st Siberian Army Corps was raised in May 1900 under the command of Lieutenant General Nikolai Linevich and was one of the two most engaged Russian corps during the Russo-Japanese War. It took part in the battle of Telissu, the battle of Tashihchiao, the battle of Liaoyang, the battle of Sandepu and the battle of Mukden.Kowner, p. 93 It also took part in World War I. Its last major action was at the Battle of Galați. Organization 1904 * 1st Siberian Rifle Division (Lieutenant General Gerngross) **1st Brigade (Major General Rutowski) *** 1st Infantry Regiment (3 battalions) ***2nd Infantry Regiment (3 battalions) **2nd Brigade (Major General Maximovich) ***3rd Infantry Regiment (3 battalions) ***4th Infantry Regiment (3 battalions) ** 1st East Siberian Rifle Artillery Brigade (Major General Lutshkovski) ***4 Field Artillery Batteries (6 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2nd Manchurian Army
The 2nd Manchurian Army (russian: 2-й Маньчжурская армия / 2 МА) was a field army of the Russian Empire that was established in 1904 during the Russo-Japanese War, to operate in Manchuria against Japan. It was one of the three such armies that were created and was disbanded in September 1905 after the end of the War. History After the lost Battle of Liaoyang, Tsar Nicholas II of Russia decided to disband the "Manchurian Army" , that encompassed all units of the Russian Imperial Army formations operating in the region against the Imperial Japanese Army under just one commander, and split it up in the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd Manchurian Armies. Kowner (2009), pp. 220–221 The 2nd Manchurian Army was created in September 1904 under command of Lieutenant general Oskar Gripenberg. It counted 120 battalions, 79 squadrons, 439 guns, and a total of 81,799 men. On February 12, 1905, General Alexander von Kaulbars took over command of the army. It participated in the Battle o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oskar-Ferdinand Kazimirovich Grippenberg
Oskar Ferdinand Gripenberg (russian: Оскар-Фердинанд Казимирович Гриппенберг, Oskar-Ferdinand Kazimirovich Grippenberg; 13 January 1838 – 7 January 1916) was a Finnish-Swedish general of the Russian Second Manchurian Army during the Russo-Japanese War. Biography Oskar Ferdinand Gripenberg was born in Ikaalinen (Swedish: Ikalis), Grand Duchy of Finland, the son of Uddo Sten Casimir Gripenberg and Maria Wilhelmina Elisabeth Ladau. The Gripenberg Family was granted nobility in the Swedish Empire in 1678. was introduced into the Finnish noble house in 1866 His brother, |
3rd Manchurian Army
The 3rd Manchurian Army (russian: 3-й Маньчжурская армия / 3 МА) was a field army of the Russian Empire that was established in 1904 during the Russo-Japanese War, to operate in Manchuria against Japan. It was one of the three such armies that were created and was disbanded in February 1906. History After the lost Battle of Liaoyang, Tsar Nicholas II of Russia decided to disband the "Manchurian Army" , that encompassed all units of the Russian Imperial Army formations operating in the region against the Imperial Japanese Army under just one commander, and split it up in the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd Manchurian Armies. Kowner (2009), pp. 220–221 The 3rd Manchurian Army was created in December 1904 under command of General Alexander von Kaulbars. It counted 72 Battalions, 19 Squadrons, 266 guns and a total of 56,773 men. On February 12, 1905, General Alexander Bilderling took over command of the Army, followed by Mikhail Batyanov in May 1905. It participated in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexander Kaulbars
Alexander Wilhelm Andreas Freiherr von Kaulbars (russian: Александр Васильевич Каульбарс, translit=Aleksandr Vasil'evič Kaul'bars; 25 January 1925) was a Baltic German military leader who served in the Imperial Russian Army during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. A noted explorer of Central Asia, he was also regarded as one of the original organisers of the Russian Air Force. Biography Kaulbars was born in Mödders in the Governorate of Estonia to Baron Hermann Wilhelm von Kaulbars and Alexandrine Emilie and had an older brother, Nikolai Reinhold Friedrich. Alexander and Nikolai grew up in Saint Petersburg and was of Lutheran faith. He came from the Baltic German noble of Pomeranian origin. The family was of Swedish nobility. Both his father and his brother rose to the rank of general in the Imperial Russian Army. He was educated at the . His first experience in combat was in 1861, while serving with the Egersky Guards Regiment in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1st Manchurian Army
The 1st Manchurian Army (russian: 1-я Маньчжурская армия / 1 МА) was a field army of the Russian Empire that was established in 1904 during the Russo-Japanese War, for the purposes of operating in the Manchuria region against Japan. It was one of the three such armies that were created and was involved in every major engagement. History It was formed in October–November 1904, from the basis of the Manchurian Army that had existed until September of that year, which had been dissolved after the Battle of Liaoyang. The previous "Manchurian Army" was a term that encompassed all units of the Russian Imperial Army formations operating in the region against the Imperial Japanese Army. It consisted of the following formations: 1st Siberian Army Corps primarily as the southern detachment and the 3rd Siberian Army Corps primarily as the eastern. In September 1904, that army was officially disbanded by order of Emperor Nicholas II and replaced by the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vladivostok
Vladivostok ( rus, Владивосто́к, a=Владивосток.ogg, p=vɫədʲɪvɐˈstok) is the largest city and the administrative center of Primorsky Krai, Russia. The city is located around the Zolotoy Rog, Golden Horn Bay on the Sea of Japan, covering an area of , with a population of 600,871 residents as of 2021. Vladivostok is the second-largest city in the Far Eastern Federal District, as well as the Russian Far East, after Khabarovsk. Shortly after the signing of the Treaty of Aigun, the city was founded on July 2, 1860 as a Russian military outpost on formerly Chinese land. In 1872, the main Russian naval base on the Pacific Ocean was transferred to the city, stimulating the growth of modern Vladivostok. After the outbreak of the Russian Revolution in 1917, Vladivostok was Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War, occupied in 1918 by White Russian and Allies_of_World_War_I, Allied forces, the last of whom from Japan were not withdrawn until 1922; by that tim ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nikolai Linevich
Nikolai Petrovich Linevich, also ''Lenevich'' and ''Linevitch'' (russian: Николай Петрович Линевич, uk, Ліневич Микола Петрович; – ) was a career military officer, General of Infantry (1903) and Adjutant general in the Imperial Russian Army in the Far East during the latter part of the Russo-Japanese War. Biography A nobleman born in Chernigov (today's Chernihiv in Ukraine), Linevich entered military service as a cadet in 1855. Stationed with the 75th Infantry Regiment at Sevastopol, his first combat experience was against the mountain tribes of the western Caucasus Mountains. He made a name for himself in the Russo-Turkish War (1877-1878), and was appointed commander of the South Ussuri Division in 1895. During the Boxer Rebellion, Linevich was commander of the 1st Siberian Army Corps. He participated in the Battle of Peking in 1900.Kowner, '' Historical Dictionary of the Russo-Japanese War'', p. 210-211. In 1903, he was appoin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
