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Birc2
Baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 2 (also known as cIAP1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''BIRC2'' gene. Function cIAP1 is a member of the Inhibitor of Apoptosis family that inhibit apoptosis by interfering with the activation of caspases. Interactions BIRC2 has been shown to interact with: * CASP9, * DIABLO, * GSPT1, * HSP90B1, * HTRA2, * RIPK1, * RIPK2 * TNFSF14, * TRAF1, * TRAF2, and * UBC The University of British Columbia (UBC) is a public research university with campuses near Vancouver and in Kelowna, British Columbia. Established in 1908, it is British Columbia's oldest university. The university ranks among the top three .... References Further reading * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * External links * {{PDB Gallery, geneid=329 Proteins Microbiology ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Protein
Proteins are large biomolecules and macromolecules that comprise one or more long chains of amino acid residues. Proteins perform a vast array of functions within organisms, including catalysing metabolic reactions, DNA replication, responding to stimuli, providing structure to cells and organisms, and transporting molecules from one location to another. Proteins differ from one another primarily in their sequence of amino acids, which is dictated by the nucleotide sequence of their genes, and which usually results in protein folding into a specific 3D structure that determines its activity. A linear chain of amino acid residues is called a polypeptide. A protein contains at least one long polypeptide. Short polypeptides, containing less than 20–30 residues, are rarely considered to be proteins and are commonly called peptides. The individual amino acid residues are bonded together by peptide bonds and adjacent amino acid residues. The sequence of amino acid residue ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
HtrA Serine Peptidase 2
Serine protease HTRA2, mitochondrial is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''HTRA2'' gene. This protein is involved in caspase-dependent apoptosis and in Parkinson's disease. Structure Gene The gene ''HTRA2'' encodes a serine protease. The human gene has 8 exons and locates at chromosome band 2p12. Protein Protein HtrA2, also known as Omi, is a mitochondrially-located serine protease. The human protein Serine protease HTRA2, mitochondrial is 49kDa in size and composed of 458 amino acids. The peptide fragment of 1-31 amino acid is the mitochondrial transition sequence, fragment 32-133 amino acid is propertied, and 134-458 is the mature protein Serine protease HTRA2, mitochondrial, and its theoretical pI of this protein is 6.12. HtrA2 shows similarities with DegS, a bacterial protease present in the periplasm of gram-negative bacteria. Structurally, HtrA2 is a trimeric molecule with central protease domains and a carboxy-terminal PDZ domain, which is characteristic of th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ubiquitin C
Polyubiquitin-C is a protein encoded by the ''UBC'' gene in humans. Polyubiquitin-C is one of the sources of ubiquitin, along with UBB, UBA52, and RPS27A. ''UBC'' gene is one of the two stress-regulated polyubiquitin genes (''UBB'' and ''UBC'') in mammals. It plays a key role in maintaining cellular ubiquitin levels under stress conditions. Defects of ''UBC'' gene could lead to mid-gestation embryonic lethality. Structure Gene ''UBC'' gene is located at chromosome 12q24.3, consisting of 2 exons. The promoter of the ''UBC'' gene contains putative heat shock elements ( HSEs), which mediates UBC induction upon stress. ''UBC'' gene differs from ''UBB'' gene in the number of Ub coding units they contain. Nine to ten Ub units were in the ''UBC'' gene. Protein In polyubiquitin-C, the C-terminus of a given ubiquitin molecule is covalently conjugated to either the N-terminal residue or one of seven lysine residues of another ubiquitin molecule. Different linking of ubiquitin chains r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
TRAF2
TNF receptor-associated factor 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''TRAF2'' gene. Function The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the TNF receptor associated factor (TRAF) protein family. TRAF proteins associate with, and mediate the signal transduction from members of the TNF receptor superfamily. This protein directly interacts with TNF receptors, and forms complexes with other TRAF proteins. TRAF2 is required for TNF-alpha-mediated activation of MAPK8/JNK and NF-κB. The protein complex formed by TRAF2 and TRAF1 interacts with the IAP family members cIAP1 and cIAP2, and functions as a mediator of the anti-apoptotic signals from TNF receptors. The interaction of this protein with TRADD, a TNF receptor associated apoptotic signal transducer, ensures the recruitment of IAPs for the direct inhibition of caspase activation. cIAP1 can ubiquitinate and induce the degradation of this protein, and thus potentiate TNF-induced apoptosis. Multiple alternatively s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
TRAF1
TNF receptor-associated factor 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''TRAF1'' gene. Function The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the TNF receptor (TNFR) associated factor (TRAF) protein family. TRAF proteins associate with, and mediate the signal transduction from various receptors of the TNFR superfamily. This protein and TRAF2 form a heterodimeric complex, which is required for TNF-alpha-mediated activation of MAPK8/JNK and NF-kappaB. The protein complex formed by this protein and TRAF2 also interacts with IAP, and thus mediates the anti-apoptotic signals from TNF receptors. The expression of this protein can be induced by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). EBV infection membrane protein 1 (LMP1) is found to interact with this and other TRAF proteins; this interaction is thought to link LMP1-mediated B lymphocyte transformation to the signal transduction from TNFR family receptors. TRAF1 also functions as a negative regulator of inflammation by interfering with t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
TNFSF14
LIGHT, also known as tumor necrosis factor superfamily member 14 (TNFSF14), is a secreted protein of the TNF superfamily. It is recognized by herpesvirus entry mediator (HVEM), as well as decoy receptor 3. Nomenclature LIGHT stands for "homologous to lymphotoxin, exhibits inducible expression and competes with HSV glycoprotein D for binding to herpesvirus entry mediator, a receptor expressed on T lymphocytes". In the cluster of differentiation terminology it is classified as CD258. Function The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) ligand family. This protein is a ligand for TNFRSF14, which is a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, and which is also known as a herpesvirus entry mediator (HVEM). Two alternatively spliced transcript variant encoding distinct isoforms have been reported. This protein may function as a costimulatory factor for the activation of lymphoid cells and as a deterrent to infection by herpesvirus. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
RIPK2
Receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''RIPK2'' gene. This gene encodes a member of the receptor-interacting protein (RIP) family of serine/threonine protein kinases. The encoded protein contains a C-terminal caspase recruitment domain (CARD), and is a component of signaling complexes in both the innate and adaptive immune pathways. It is a potent activator of NF-κB and inducer of apoptosis in response to various stimuli. Interactions RIPK2 has been shown to interact with BIRC2 Baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 2 (also known as cIAP1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''BIRC2'' gene. Function cIAP1 is a member of the Inhibitor of Apoptosis family that inhibit apoptosis by interfering with the acti .... References Further reading * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * {{gene-8-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
RIPK1
Receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 (RIPK1) functions in a variety of cellular pathways related to both cell survival and death. In terms of cell death, RIPK1 plays a role in apoptosis and necroptosis. Some of the cell survival pathways RIPK1 participates in include NF-κB, Akt, and JNK. RIPK1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''RIPK1'' gene, which is located on chromosome 6. This protein belongs to the Receptor Interacting Protein (RIP) kinases family, which consists of 7 members, RIPK1 being the first member of the family. Structure RIPK1 protein is composed of 671 amino acids, and has a molecular weight of about 76 kDa. It contains a serine/threonine kinase domain (KD) in the 300 aa N-Terminus, a death domain (DD) in the 112 aa C-Terminus, and a central region between the KD and DD called intermediate domain (ID). *The kinase domain plays different roles in cell survival and is important in necroptosis induction. RIP interacts with TRAF2 via t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
HSP90B1
Heat shock protein 90kDa beta member 1 (HSP90B1), known also as endoplasmin, gp96, grp94, or ERp99, is a chaperone protein that in humans is encoded by the ''HSP90B1'' gene. HSP90B1 is an HSP90 paralogue that is found in the endoplasmic reticulum. It plays critical roles in folding proteins in the secretory pathway such as Toll-like receptors and integrins., It has been implicated as an essential immune chaperone to regulate both innate and adaptive immunity. Tumor-derived HSP90B1 (vitespen) has entered clinical trials for cancer immunotherapy Cancer immunotherapy (sometimes called immuno-oncology) is the stimulation of the immune system to treat cancer, improving on the immune system's natural ability to fight the disease. It is an application of the fundamental research of cancer im .... grp94 has been shown to be a target for treatment of a plethora of diseases such as glaucoma, multiple myeloma, and metastatic cancer. grp94 includes 5 distinct amino acids in its primary seq ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gene
In biology, the word gene (from , ; "...Wilhelm Johannsen coined the word gene to describe the Mendelian units of heredity..." meaning ''generation'' or ''birth'' or ''gender'') can have several different meanings. The Mendelian gene is a basic unit of heredity and the molecular gene is a sequence of nucleotides in DNA that is transcribed to produce a functional RNA. There are two types of molecular genes: protein-coding genes and noncoding genes. During gene expression, the DNA is first copied into RNA. The RNA can be directly functional or be the intermediate template for a protein that performs a function. The transmission of genes to an organism's offspring is the basis of the inheritance of phenotypic traits. These genes make up different DNA sequences called genotypes. Genotypes along with environmental and developmental factors determine what the phenotypes will be. Most biological traits are under the influence of polygenes (many different genes) as well as gen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
GSPT1
Eukaryotic peptide chain release factor GTP-binding subunit ERF3A is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''GSPT1'' gene. Interactions GSPT1 has been shown to interact with BIRC2 Baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 2 (also known as cIAP1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''BIRC2'' gene. Function cIAP1 is a member of the Inhibitor of Apoptosis family that inhibit apoptosis by interfering with the acti .... References Further reading * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * External links * {{gene-16-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Diablo Homolog
Diablo homolog (DIABLO) is a mitochondrial protein that in humans is encoded by the ''DIABLO'' (direct IAP binding protein with low pI) gene on chromosome 12. DIABLO is also referred to as second mitochondria-derived activator of caspases or SMAC. This protein binds inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAPs), thus freeing caspases to activate apoptosis. Due to its proapoptotic function, SMAC is implicated in a broad spectrum of tumors, and small molecule SMAC mimetics have been developed to enhance current cancer treatments. Structure Protein This gene encodes a 130 Å-long, arch-shaped homodimer protein. The full-length protein product spans 239 residues, 55 of which comprise the mitochondrial-targeting sequence (MTS) at its N-terminal. However, once the full-length protein is imported into the mitochondria, this sequence is excised to produce the 184-residue mature protein. This cleavage also exposes four residues at the N-terminal, Ala-Val-Pro-Ile (AVPI), which is the core of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
