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Asas Al-Taqdis
Asās al-Taqdīs ( ar, أساس التقديس, lit=The Foundation of Declaring Allah's Transcendence), also known as Ta'sis al-Taqdis ( ar, تأسيس التقديس, lit=The Establishment of the Sacred) is an Islamic theological book, written by the Shafi'i-Ash'ari scholar Fakhr al-Din al-Razi (d. 606/1209), as a methodical refutation of the Karramiyya and other anthropomorphists. Fakhr al-Din al-Razi wrote this work to counter the book ''Kitab al-Tawhid'' composed by the ultra-traditionalist Ibn Khuzayma in 4th/10th century Nisapur against the prevailing Mu'tazilite dogma. He referred to Ibn Khuzayma as 'the corporealist' (al-mujassim). He said in the book's introduction that he dedicated it especially to the Sultan Abu Bakr ibn Ayyub. Content The first part of the book opens with a categorical rejection of any corporeality regarding God, under the title of "Indications on God's Transcendence beyond Corporeality and on Him not Being Confined y any spatial location. That ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tanzih
''Tanzih'' ( ar, تنزيه) is an Islamic religious concept meaning transcendence. In Islamic theology, two opposite terms are attributed to Allah: ''tanzih'' and ''tashbih''. The latter means ''"nearness, closeness, accessibility".'' However, the fuller meaning of ''tanzih'' is 'declaring incomparability', i.e. affirming Allah's transcendence from humanity. This concept is eternally juxtaposed with Allah's ''tashbih'' (closeness, or 'affirming similarity'). The literal meaning of the word is "to declare something pure and free of something else". This definition affirms that Allah cannot be likened to anything: "Nothing is like Him." (Sura 42:11) and reinforces the fundamental, underlying Islamic belief in ''tawhid Tawhid ( ar, , ', meaning "unification of God in Islam ( Allāh)"; also romanized as ''Tawheed'', ''Tawhid'', ''Tauheed'' or ''Tevhid'') is the indivisible oneness concept of monotheism in Islam. Tawhid is the religion's central and single ...''. The Div ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Haqiqa
Haqiqa (Arabic "truth") is one of "the four stages" in Sufism, ''shari’a'' (exoteric path), ''tariqa'' (esoteric path), ''haqiqa'' (mystical truth) and ''marifa'' (final mystical knowledge, ''unio mystica''). The four stages Shariat Shari’a is Islamic law or Islamic jurisprudence as revealed in the Qur'an and Sunna. The first step in Sufism is following every aspect of the law perfectly. The purpose of this is to prove their love for God, by rigorous self-discipline and constant attention to their conduct. When the Sufi fully lives his or her life according to the Shari’a he or she is ready to progress to the second stage. This conformity to earthly rules is important because it recognizes that the spirit of a man or woman is affected by the actions of the body. In this way, bringing the body under the will of God also purifies the spirit and a pure spirit is essential for the second step. Tariqat ''Tariqa'' in Arabic means ''path'' and it denotes a Sufi brotherhood or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ash'ari Literature
Ashʿarī theology or Ashʿarism (; ar, الأشعرية: ) is one of the main Sunnī schools of Islamic theology, founded by the Muslim scholar, Shāfiʿī jurist, reformer, and scholastic theologian Abū al-Ḥasan al-Ashʿarī in the 9th–10th century. It established an orthodox guideline based on scriptural authority, rationality, and theological rationalism. Al-Ashʿarī established a middle way between the doctrines of the Aṯharī and Muʿtazila schools of Islamic theology, based both on reliance on the sacred scriptures of Islam and theological rationalism concerning the agency and attributes of God. Ashʿarism eventually became the predominant school of theological thought within Sunnī Islam, and is regarded as the single most important school of Islamic theology in the history of Islam. The disciples of the Ashʿarī school are known as Ashʿarites, and the school is also referred to as the Ashʿarite school, which became one of the dominant theological s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sunni Literature
Sunni Islam () is the largest branch of Islam, followed by 85–90% of the world's Muslims. Its name comes from the word '' Sunnah'', referring to the tradition of Muhammad. The differences between Sunni and Shia Muslims arose from a disagreement over the succession to Muhammad and subsequently acquired broader political significance, as well as theological and juridical dimensions. According to Sunni traditions, Muhammad left no successor and the participants of the Saqifah event appointed Abu Bakr as the next-in-line (the first caliph). This contrasts with the Shia view, which holds that Muhammad appointed his son-in-law and cousin Ali ibn Abi Talib as his successor. The adherents of Sunni Islam are referred to in Arabic as ("the people of the Sunnah and the community") or for short. In English, its doctrines and practices are sometimes called ''Sunnism'', while adherents are known as Sunni Muslims, Sunnis, Sunnites and Ahlus Sunnah. Sunni Islam is sometimes referre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Books About Anthropomorphism In Islam
A book is a medium for recording information in the form of writing or images, typically composed of many pages (made of papyrus, parchment, vellum, or paper) bound together and protected by a cover. The technical term for this physical arrangement is ''codex'' (plural, ''codices''). In the history of hand-held physical supports for extended written compositions or records, the codex replaces its predecessor, the scroll. A single sheet in a codex is a leaf and each side of a leaf is a page. As an intellectual object, a book is prototypically a composition of such great length that it takes a considerable investment of time to compose and still considered as an investment of time to read. In a restricted sense, a book is a self-sufficient section or part of a longer composition, a usage reflecting that, in antiquity, long works had to be written on several scrolls and each scroll had to be identified by the book it contained. Each part of Aristotle's ''Physics'' is called a bo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Books By Fakhr Al-Din Al-Razi
A book is a medium for recording information in the form of writing or images, typically composed of many pages (made of papyrus, parchment, vellum, or paper) bound together and protected by a cover. The technical term for this physical arrangement is ''codex'' (plural, ''codices''). In the history of hand-held physical supports for extended written compositions or records, the codex replaces its predecessor, the scroll. A single sheet in a codex is a leaf and each side of a leaf is a page. As an intellectual object, a book is prototypically a composition of such great length that it takes a considerable investment of time to compose and still considered as an investment of time to read. In a restricted sense, a book is a self-sufficient section or part of a longer composition, a usage reflecting that, in antiquity, long works had to be written on several scrolls and each scroll had to be identified by the book it contained. Each part of Aristotle's ''Physics'' is called a bo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Goodreads
Goodreads is an American social cataloging website and a subsidiary of Amazon that allows individuals to search its database of books, annotations, quotes, and reviews. Users can sign up and register books to generate library catalogs and reading lists. They can also create their own groups of book suggestions, surveys, polls, blogs, and discussions. The website's offices are located in San Francisco. Goodreads was founded in December 2006 and launched in January 2007 by Otis Chandler and Elizabeth Khuri Chandler. In December 2007, the site had 650,000 members and 10,000,000 books had been added. By July 2012, the site reported 10 million members, 20 million monthly visits, and thirty employees. On March 28, 2013, Amazon announced its acquisition of Goodreads, and by July 23, 2013, Goodreads announced their user base had grown to 20 million members. By July 2019, the site had 90 million members. History Founders Goodreads founders Otis Chandler and Elizabeth Khuri Chan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Sunni Books
This is a list of significant books in the doctrines of Sunni Islam. A classical example of an index of Islamic books can be found in Kitāb al-Fihrist of Ibn Al-Nadim. The Qur'an and its translations (in English) :# ''The Meaning of the Glorious Koran'' by Marmaduke Pickthall :# '' The Holy Qur'an: Text, Translation and Commentary'' by Abdullah Yusuf Ali :# ''The Qur'an: A New Translation'' by Muhammad A. S. Abdel Haleem :# ''The Clear Quran: A Thematic English Translation'' by Dr. Mustafa Khattab :# ''The Holy Qur'án (The treasure of faith)'' by Professor Shah Faridul Haque :# ''Bridges' Translation of the Ten Qira'at of the Noble Qur'an'' by Fadel Soliman Hadith Six Canonical Books of Hadith Collection :# ''Sahih Bukhari'' of Muhammad al-Bukhari (d. 870 A.D. / 256 AH) :# ''Sahih Muslim'' of Muslim ibn al-Hajjaj (d. 875 A.D. / 261 AH) :# '' Sunan Ibn Majah'' of Ibn Majah (d. 887 A.D. / 273 AH) :# '' Sunan Abu Dawud'' of Abu Dawood (d. 889 A.D. / 275 AH) :# ''Jami` at-Tirm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
A Guide To Conclusive Proofs For The Principles Of Belief
''A Guide to Conclusive Proofs for the Principles of Belief'' ( ar, الإرشاد إلى قواطع الأدلة في أصول الاعتقاد, translit=Al-Irshad ila Qawati' al-Adilla fi Usul al-I'tiqad), commonly known simply as ''Al-Irshad'' ("The Guide"), is a major classic of Islamic theology. Its author, Imam al-Haramayn al-Juwayni, was the leading theologian of his time. His writings in the field of theology, especially ''Al-Irshad'', represent a high point of the development of theology in the then contemporary Islamic world. Content It is intended to outline exactly ''what has'' been proven, ''what can'' be proven and ''how'' those things can be proven.Hallaq, Wael B.. "Caliphs, Jurists and the Saljuqs in the Political Thought of Juwayni." The Muslim World 74, no. 1 (1984): 26-41. He focuses much of his attention on God and the fundamental Islamic principle that God is the only and all-powerful creator. He explains that we are often caught up in a temporally contingent ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Moderation In Belief
Al-Iqtisād fī al-iʿtiqad (), or The Moderation in Belief is a major theological work by Abū Ḥāmid Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad al-Ghazali. George Hourani indicated that the ''Iqtisad'' and ''Mizan al-amal'' were completed before or during Ghazali's crisis of faith. It led him his post at the Niẓamiyya school in Baghdad and enter the path of Tasawwuf. In it, he offers what scholars consider as the best defence of the Ash'arite school of Islamic theology. He also expressed strong reservations about a theology based on taqlid and marked by polemics. In this book, Ghazali makes an attempt to respond to the extreme literalists and the Muʿtazilites. It is the balance between reason and revelation that led to the title of book ''The Moderation in Belief''. Contents Ghazali begins the book with praise for God and importance of revelation. On one hand, he says, a person who is not guided by reason will misunderstand the revelation while on the other hand a rationalist may excee ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Al-Sayf Al-Saqil Fi Al-Radd Ala Ibn Zafil
Al-Sayf al-Saqil fi al-Radd 'ala Ibn Zafil ( ar">السيف الصقيل في الرد على ابن زفيل, lit=The Burnished Sword in Refuting Ibn Zafil Ibn_al-Qayyim<_a>.html" ;"title="erogatory name for Ibn al-Qayyim">erogatory name for Ibn al-Qayyim}), is a theological book, written by the Shafi'i-Ash'ari scholar Taqi al-Din al-Subki (d. 756/1355), as a refutation against Ibn al-Qayyim's poem entitled ''al-Kafiya al-Shafiya fi al-Intisar lil-Firqa al-Najiya'' ( ar, الكافية الشافية في الانتصار للفرقة الناجية, lit=The Sufficient and Healing oemon the Victory of the Saved Sect), known popularly as ''al-Qasida al-Nuniyya'' ( ar, القصيدة النونية, lit=Ode Rhyming in the Letter Nun }). Al-Subki considered the poem to be blasphemous due to its ideological practice of takfir (excommunication of other Muslims), and due to its theological deviations about the Divine Attributes, i.e., anthropomorphism and anthropopathism. Al-Su ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Al-Baz Al-Ashhab
Kitab Akhbar al-Sifat ( ar, كتاب أخبار الصفات), better known as Daf' Shubah al-Tashbih bi-Akaff al-Tanzih ( ar, دفع شبه التشبيه بأكف التنزيه), or Al-Baz al-Ashhab al-Munqadd 'ala Mukhalifi al-Madhhab ( ar, الباز الأشهب المنقض على مخالفي المذهب, lit=The Gray Falcon Which Attacks the Offenders of the Hanbali School), is a theological polemic written by Hanbali Islamic scholar Abu'l-Faraj ibn al-Jawzi between 1185 and 1192. The polemic is primarily directed at what, Ibn al-Jawzi held to be, growing anthropomorphic beliefs within the Hanbali school of jurisprudential thought. It singles out three prominent teachers within the Hanbali school: Al Hasan ibn Hamid (d. 1013), or Ibn Hamid, Muhammad ibn al-Husayn (d.1066), or al-Qadi Abu Ya'la, and Ibn al-Jawzi's own teacher, Ali ibn Ubayd Allah, or Ibn az-Zaghuni (d. 1132), contending that they shirked from the beliefs of the school's founder, Ahmad ibn Hanbal. Ant ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
