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Armillaria Tabescens
''Armillaria tabescens'' (also known as ringless honey mushroom) is a species of fungus in the family Physalacriaceae. It is a plant pathogen. The mycelium of the fungus is bioluminescent. Hosts and symptoms ''Armillaria'' species infect a wide variety of woody plants. In a survey of 250 permanent plots of trees in Albania, ''Armillaria tabescens'' affected multiple species of trees including fir species, where it invaded when the plant was stressed. Tsopelas et al. reported ''Armillaria tabescens'' to be more prevalent in areas where the trees were stressed due to limited moisture. In oak trees, it was slightly more damaging and could kill young trees. ''Armillaria tabescens'' was also recorded in Poplar tree, poplar and eucalyptus plantations, and almond trees were found to be very susceptible to infection. The results of the study by Lushaj et al. showed that ''Armillaria tabescens'' was most frequently recorded on fruit and ornamental trees compared to the other species'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Desarmillaria
''Desarmillaria'' is a genus of fungi belonging to the family Physalacriaceae. The genus has almost cosmopolitan distribution. Species: * ''Desarmillaria ectypa'' * ''Desarmillaria tabescens'' * ''Desarmillaria caespitosa'' References {{Taxonbar, from=Q104083798 Fungi Taxa named by Josef Herink ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Root Rot
Root rot is a condition in which anoxic conditions in the soil or potting media around the roots of a plant cause them to rot. This occurs due to excessive standing water around the roots. It is found in both indoor and outdoor plants, although it is more common in indoor plants due to overwatering, heavy potting media, or containers with poor drainage. The leaves of plants experiencing root rot often yellow and die, and if allowed to continue, the condition can be fatal. To avoid root rot, it is best to only water plants when the soil becomes dry, and to put the plant in a well-drained pot. Using a dense potting media such as one dug up from outdoors can also cause root rot. Plants from different environments have different tolerances for soil moisture: plants evolved for desert conditions will experience root rot at lower moisture levels than plants evolved for tropical conditions. In both indoor and outdoor plants, it can be lethal and there is no effective treatment, though ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bioluminescent Fungi
Bioluminescence is the production and emission of light by living organisms. It is a form of chemiluminescence. Bioluminescence occurs widely in marine vertebrates and invertebrates, as well as in some fungi, microorganisms including some bioluminescent bacteria, and terrestrial arthropods such as fireflies. In some animals, the light is bacteriogenic, produced by symbiotic bacteria such as those from the genus ''Vibrio''; in others, it is autogenic, produced by the animals themselves. In a general sense, the principal chemical reaction in bioluminescence involves a light-emitting molecule and an enzyme, generally called luciferin and luciferase, respectively. Because these are generic names, luciferins and luciferases are often distinguished by the species or group, e.g. firefly luciferin. In all characterized cases, the enzyme catalyzes the oxidation of the luciferin. In some species, the luciferase requires other cofactors, such as calcium or magnesium ions, and sometime ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Armillaria
''Armillaria'' is a genus of fungi that includes the '' A. mellea'' species known as honey fungi that live on trees and woody shrubs. It includes about 10 species formerly categorized summarily as ''A. mellea''. ''Armillarias'' are long-lived and form the largest living fungi in the world. The largest known organism (of the species ''Armillaria ostoyae'') covers more than in Oregon's Malheur National Forest and is estimated to be 2,500 years old. Some species of ''Armillaria'' display bioluminescence, resulting in foxfire. ''Armillaria'' can be a destructive forest pathogen. It causes "white rot" root disease (see Plant pathology section) of forests, which distinguishes it from ''Tricholoma'', a mycorrhizal (non-parasitic) genus. Because ''Armillaria'' is a facultative saprophyte, it also feeds on dead plant material, allowing it to kill its host, unlike parasites that must moderate their growth to avoid host death. Description The basidiocarp (reproductive struc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fungal Plant Pathogens And Diseases
A fungus ( : fungi or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These organisms are classified as a kingdom, separately from the other eukaryotic kingdoms, which by one traditional classification include Plantae, Animalia, Protozoa, and Chromista. A characteristic that places fungi in a different kingdom from plants, bacteria, and some protists is chitin in their cell walls. Fungi, like animals, are heterotrophs; they acquire their food by absorbing dissolved molecules, typically by secreting digestive enzymes into their environment. Fungi do not photosynthesize. Growth is their means of mobility, except for spores (a few of which are flagellated), which may travel through the air or water. Fungi are the principal decomposers in ecological systems. These and other differences place fungi in a single group of related organisms, named the ''Eumycota'' (''true f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Bioluminescent Fungi
] Found largely in temperate and tropical climates, currently there are more than 112 known species of bioluminescent fungi, all of which are members of the order Agaricales (Basidiomycota) with one exceptional ascomycete belonging to the order Xylariales. All known bioluminescent Agaricales are mushroom-forming, white-spored agarics that belong to four distinct evolutionary lineages. The Omphalotus lineage (comprising the genera ''Omphalotus'' and '' Neonothopanus'') contains 12 species, the ''Armillaria'' lineage has 10 known species, while the Mycenoid lineage ('' Favolachia, Mycena'', '' Panellus'', '' Prunulus'', '' Roridomyces'') has more than 50 species. The recently discovered Lucentipes lineage contains two species, ''Mycena lucentipes'' and '' Gerronema viridilucens'', which belong to a family that has not yet been formally named. ''Armillaria mellea'' is the most widely distributed of the luminescent fungi, found across Asia, Europe, North America, and South Africa. Bi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Armillaria Species
''Armillaria'' is a genus of fungi commonly known as honey mushrooms. First treated by Elias Magnus Fries in 1821, and later assigned generic rank by Friedrich Staude in 1857, ''Armillaria'' is classified in the family Physalacriaceae of the Agaricales, the gilled mushrooms. The majority of species in ''Armillaria'' are saprotrophic and live mainly on dead wood, but some are parasites that can cause root and butt rot in over 600 species of woody plants. Some ''Armillaria'' species form mycorrhizae with orchids; others, such as '' A. gallica'', '' A. mellea'', and '' A. tabescens'', are bioluminescent. ''Armillaria'' species form fleshy, white- spored mushrooms with a cottony or membranous veil that typically forms a distinct annulus on the stem. The fruit bodies usually occur in autumn in large clusters at the base of the stem or roots. ''Armillaria'' species can produce rhizomorphs—rootlike aggregations of hyphae—that can form massive, long-lasting u ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
FalconGuide
Globe Pequot is a book publisher and distributor of outdoor recreation and leisure titles that publishes 500 new titles. Globe Pequot was acquired by Morris Communications in 1997. Lyons Press was acquired in 2001. It was sold to Rowman & Littlefield Rowman & Littlefield Publishing Group is an independent publishing house founded in 1949. Under several imprints, the company offers scholarly books for the academic market, as well as trade books. The company also owns the book distributing compa ... in 2014. Imprints Globe Pequot publishes several imprints, including '' Prometheus Books'' ''Lyons Press'', ''FalconGuides'', ''Knack'', and ''Insiders' Guide''. References External links *{{Official website, http://globepequot.com Companies based in New Haven County, Connecticut Morris Communications Publishing companies of the United States ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dwarfing
Dwarfing is a process in which a breed of animals or cultivar of plants is changed to become significantly smaller than standard members of their species. The effect can be induced through human intervention or non-human processes, and can include genetic, nutritional or hormonal means. Used most specifically, dwarfing includes pathogenic changes in the structure of an organism (for example, the bulldog, a genetically achondroplastic dog breed), in contrast to non-pathogenic proportional reduction in stature (such as the whippet, a small sighthound dog breed). Animals In animals, including humans, dwarfism has been described in several ways. Shortened stature can result from growth hormone deficiency, starvation, portal systemic shunts, renal disease, hypothyroidism diabetes mellitus and other conditions. Any of these conditions can be established in a population through genetic engineering, selective breeding, or insular dwarfism, or some combination of the above. Dwarfing ca ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cortex (botany)
In botany, a cortex is an outer layer of a stem or root in a vascular plant, lying below the epidermis but outside of the vascular bundles. The cortex is composed mostly of large thin-walled parenchyma cells of the ground tissue system and shows little to no structural differentiation. The outer cortical cells often acquire irregularly thickened cell walls, and are called collenchyma cells. Plants Stems and branches In the three dimensional structure of herbaceous stems, the epidermis, cortex and vascular cambium form concentric cylinders around the inner cylindrical core of pith. Some of the outer cortical cells may contain chloroplasts, giving them a green color. They can therefore produce simple carbohydrates through photosynthesis. In woody plants, the cortex is located between the periderm (bark) and the vascular tissue (phloem, in particular). It is responsible for the transportation of materials into the central cylinder of the root through diffusion and may als ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gummosis
Gummosis is the formation of patches of a gummy substance on the surface of certain plants, particularly fruit trees. This occurs when sap oozes from wounds or cankers as a reaction to outside stimuli such as adverse weather conditions, infections, insect problems, or mechanical damage. It is understood as a plant physiological disease. File:Klejotok na třešni 2.JPG, Plant sap Sap is a fluid transported in xylem cells (vessel elements or tracheids) or phloem sieve tube elements of a plant. These cells transport water and nutrients throughout the plant. Sap is distinct from latex, resin, or cell sap; it is a sepa ... rises from the bark of a cherry tree File:Klejotok na třešni 1.JPG File:Klejotok 13023.JPG File:Klejotok 13028.JPG File:Klejotok na třešni 3.JPG References External links Video and commentary on gummosis on a cherry tree. Natural gums, * Physiological plant disorders {{plant-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
