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Alfred Vanderpol
Alfred Vanderpol (7 April 1854 – 17 June 1915) was a French engineer, philanthropist and author who was one of the leaders of the pacifist movement in France in the years leading up to World War I (1914–18). Early years Alfred Marie Vanderpol was born in Tourcoing, Nord on 7 April 1854, son of François Vanderpol and Anna Knaepffler of Phalsbourg. His father's family was Flemish in origin and his mother's was from Alsace. He had an older sister and a brother who died at an early age. After living in Le Havre for several years the Vanderpols returned to Tourcoing, where on 30 December 1865 the father had been appointed to the customs office. Vanderpol attended secondary school in Tourcoing. During the Franco-Prussian War of 1870 he became interested in the subject of war and peace. He considered applying for the École Polytechnique, and took a specialized mathematics course at the lycée in Lille. On his teacher's advice he then entered the École centrale des Arts et Manufact ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tourcoing
Tourcoing (; nl, Toerkonje ; vls, Terkoeje; pcd, Tourco) is a city in northern France on the Belgian border. It is designated municipally as a commune within the department of Nord. Located to the north-northeast of Lille, adjacent to Roubaix, Tourcoing is the chef-lieu of two cantons and the fourth largest city in the French region of Hauts-de-France ranked by population with about 97,000 inhabitants. Together with the cities of Lille, Roubaix, Villeneuve-d'Ascq and eighty-six other communes, Tourcoing is part of four-city-centred metropolitan area inhabited by more than 1.1 million people: the Métropole Européenne de Lille. To a greater extent, Tourcoing belongs to a vast conurbation formed with the Belgian cities of Mouscron, Kortrijk and Tournai, which gave birth to the first European Grouping of Territorial Cooperation in January 2008, '' Lille–Kortrijk–Tournai'' with an aggregate of just over 2 million inhabitants. History The city was the site of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pope Pius X
Pope Pius X ( it, Pio X; born Giuseppe Melchiorre Sarto; 2 June 1835 – 20 August 1914) was head of the Catholic Church from 4 August 1903 to his death in August 1914. Pius X is known for vigorously opposing modernist interpretations of Catholic doctrine, and for promoting liturgical reforms and scholastic theology. He initiated the preparation of the 1917 Code of Canon Law, the first comprehensive and systemic work of its kind. He is venerated as a saint in the Catholic Church and is the namesake of the traditionalist Catholic Priestly Fraternity of Saint Pius X. Pius X was devoted to the Blessed Virgin Mary under the title of Our Lady of Confidence; while his papal encyclical ''Ad diem illum'' took on a sense of renewal that was reflected in the motto of his pontificate. He advanced the Liturgical Movement by formulating the principle of ''participatio actuosa'' (active participation of the faithful) in his motu proprio, ''Tra le sollecitudini'' (1903). He encour ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1915 Deaths
Events Below, the events of World War I have the "WWI" prefix. January *January – British physicist Sir Joseph Larmor publishes his observations on "The Influence of Local Atmospheric Cooling on Astronomical Refraction". *January 1 ** WWI: British Royal Navy battleship HMS ''Formidable'' is sunk off Lyme Regis, Dorset, England, by an Imperial German Navy U-boat, with the loss of 547 crew. ** Battle of Broken Hill: A train ambush near Broken Hill, New South Wales, Australia, is carried out by two men (claiming to be in support of the Ottoman Empire) who are killed, together with 4 civilians. * January 5 – Joseph E. Carberry sets an altitude record of , carrying Capt. Benjamin Delahauf Foulois as a passenger, in a fixed-wing aircraft. * January 12 ** The United States House of Representatives rejects a proposal to give women the right to vote. ** ''A Fool There Was'' premières in the United States, starring Theda Bara as a '' femme fatale''; she quickly becom ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1854 Births
Events January–March * January 4 – The McDonald Islands are discovered by Captain William McDonald aboard the ''Samarang''. * January 6 – The fictional detective Sherlock Holmes is perhaps born. * January 9 – The Teutonia Männerchor in Pittsburgh, U.S.A. is founded to promote German culture. * January 20 – The North Carolina General Assembly in the United States charters the Atlantic and North Carolina Railroad, to run from Goldsboro through New Bern, to the newly created seaport of Morehead City, near Beaufort. * January 21 – The iron clipper runs aground off the east coast of Ireland, on her maiden voyage out of Liverpool, bound for Australia, with the loss of at least 300 out of 650 on board. * February 11 – Major streets are lit by coal gas for the first time by the San Francisco Gas Company; 86 such lamps are turned on this evening in San Francisco, California. * February 13 – Mexican troops force William Wa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Peace Activists
This list of peace activists includes people who have proactively advocated diplomatic, philosophical, and non-military resolution of major territorial or ideological disputes through nonviolent means and methods. Peace activists usually work with others in the overall anti-war and peace movements to focus the world's attention on what they perceive to be the irrationality of violent conflicts, decisions, and actions. They thus initiate and facilitate wide public dialogues intended to nonviolently alter long-standing societal agreements directly relating to, and held in place by, the various violent, habitual, and historically fearful thought-processes residing at the core of these conflicts, with the intention of peacefully ending the conflicts themselves. A * Dekha Ibrahim Abdi (1964–2011) – Kenyan peace activist, government consultant * David Adams (born 1939) – American author and peace activist, task force chair of the United Nations International Year for t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Émile Arnaud
Émile Arnaud (1864–1921) was a French lawyer, notary, and writer noted for his anti-war rhetoric and for coining the term "pacifism". Arnaud founded the "Ligue Internationale de la Paix et de la Liberté" (International League for Peace and Freedom) in 1861 and was elected its first president. In 1901 he codified his beliefs into a treatise entitled the '' Code de la Paix'', outlining and defining the goals, political positions and methodology of the Peace movement in general. He described this new political movement as "pacifism", setting it up as a counterbalance to the belligerence of emerging political ideologies such as socialism and anarchism. He advocated humanism, charity and tolerance, non-violent conflict resolution and reaching mutually beneficial political solutions through establishing consensus. Emile was a speaker at the second Universal Peace Conference which was preceded by a service at St Paul's Cathedral When France entered World War I in 1914 Arnaud voluntee ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gaston Moch
Gaston Moch (6 March 1859 – 3 July 1935) was the secretary of the Esperantist ''Centra Oficejo'' and a member of the ''Lingva Komitato''. Moch was born in Saint-Cyr-l'École, Yvelines. He was the son of French Jewish Military officer, Col. Jules Moch, co-founder of " The Club Millitaire" during the time when French Jews were entering the upper ranks of the French Army in the 19th century. During World War I, Gaston would reach the rank of captain. He was also a supportive advocate toward the later release of Capt. Alfred Dreyfus in The Dreyfus Affair trial, in which Dreyfus was falsely accused and sentenced for treasonous acts, aggravated by growing anti-semitism in France. Coincidentally, Moch and Dreyfus were both born and died in the same year. He was also the Father of French Minister-Statesman, Jules S. Moch Jules Salvador Moch (15 March 1893, in Paris – 1 August 1985, in Cabris, Alpes-Maritimes) was a French politician. Biography Moch was born into a renown ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jeanne Mélin
Jeanne Mélin (17 September 1877 – 18 April 1964) was a French pacifist, feminist, writer and politician who wrote under the pseudonym Thalès Jehanne. She fought for peace between France and Germany, and for the right of women to vote. She was a candidate for election as President of France in 1947. Early years Jeanne Mélin was born in 1877 in Carignan, Ardennes, to a bourgeois family. Her father, who ran the family brickyard, was an anti-clerical Republican and supporter of Alfred Dreyfus. He was inspired by the theories of Jean-Baptiste André Godin, and was a philanthropist who wanted to put an end to poverty. Jeanne Mélin received a typical education for a girl of her class at the time. She attended the Sainte-Chrétienne de Carignan boarding school for her secondary education. In 1898 Mélin joined Sylvie Hugo Flammarion's association for Peace and Disarmament by Women (''La Paix et le Désarmement par les Femmes''), and founded a branch of the association in the Ardenne ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lucien Le Foyer
Lucien Le Foyer (29 June 1872 – 5 October 1952) was a French lawyer, pacifist and politician. He played a leading role in French and international pacifist organizations both before the after World War I (1914–18), and after World War II (1939–45). He was also an accomplished poet. Pre-war period Lucien Le Foyer was born in Paris on 29 June 1872. He became an advocate at the Paris Court of Appeal. Starting in 1902 the French pacifist societies began to meet at a National Peace Congress, which often had several hundred attendees. However, they were unable to unify the pacifist forces apart from setting up a small Permanent Delegation of French Pacifist Societies in 1902, led by Charles Richet (1850–1935), with Lucien Le Foyer as secretary-general. Le Foyer was a member of the Human Rights League (LDH: ''Ligue des Droits de l’Homme'') as were Frédéric Passy, leader of the ''Société des amis de la Paix'' and Théodore Ruyssen. The League did not take the strict jurid ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Henri La Fontaine
Henri La Fontaine (; 22 April 1854 – 14 May 1943), was a Belgian international lawyer and president of the International Peace Bureau. He received the Nobel Prize for Peace in 1913 because "he was the effective leader of the peace movement in Europe". Biography La Fontaine was born in Brussels on 22 April 1854 and studied law at the Free University of Brussels (now split into the Université libre de Bruxelles and the Vrije Universiteit Brussel). He was admitted to the bar in 1877 and established a reputation as an authority on international law. He and his sister Léonie La Fontaine were early advocates for women's rights and suffrage, founding in 1890 the Belgian League for the Rights of Women. In 1893, he became professor of international law at the Free University of Brussels and two years later was elected to the Belgian Senate as a member of the Socialist Party. He served as vice chairman of the Senate from 1919 to 1932. La Fontaine took an early interest in the Inter ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Catholic University Of Leuven (1834–1968)
The Catholic University of Leuven or Louvain (french: Université catholique de Louvain, nl, Katholieke Hogeschool te Leuven, later ''Katholieke Universiteit te Leuven'') was founded in 1834 in Mechelen as the Catholic University of Belgium, and moved its seat to the town of Leuven in 1835, changing its name to Catholic University of Leuven.''Encyclopédie théologique'', tome 54, ''Dictionnaire de l'histoire universelle de l'Église'', Paris : éd. J.P. Migne, 1863, ''sub verbo'' ''Grégoire XVI'', col. 1131 : "Après sa séparation de la Hollande en 1830, la Belgique libérale a vu son Église jouir d'une véritable indépendance. Les évêques s'assemblent en conciles, communiquent avec le Saint-Siège en toute liberté. Sur l'article fondamental des études, ils ont fondé l'université catholique de Louvain, où les jeunes Belges vont en foule puiser aux sources les plus pures toutes les richesses de la science". And : Edward van Even, ''Louvain dans le passé et dans le pr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clermont-Ferrand
Clermont-Ferrand (, ; ; oc, label= Auvergnat, Clarmont-Ferrand or Clharmou ; la, Augustonemetum) is a city and commune of France, in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region, with a population of 146,734 (2018). Its metropolitan area (''aire d'attraction'') had 504,157 inhabitants at the 2018 census.Comparateur de territoire: Aire d'attraction des villes 2020 de Clermont-Ferrand (022), Unité urbaine 2020 de Clermont-Ferrand (63701), Commune de Clermont-Ferrand (63113) INSEE It is the prefecture (capital) of the [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
