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Al-Mustansir (other)
Al-Mustansir, more fully al-Mustansir billah ( ar, المستنصر بالله, al-Mustanṣir bi-llāh, he who seeks victory in God, link=no), is a Muslim regnal surname and may refer to: The regnal title was used by: * Ma'ad al-Mustansir Billah (1029–1094), eighth Fatimid Imam-Caliph * Al-Mustansir Billah II (r. 1463/4–1480), 32nd Nizari imam * Al-Mustansir Billah III (r. 1493/4–1498), 34th Nizari imam * Sayf al-Dawla ibn Hud al-Mustansir (r. 1145–1146), Muslim ruler of Valencia and Murcia * Al-Mustansir I (1192–1242), penultimate Abbasid caliph in Baghdad from 1226 to 1242 * Al-Mustansir II (died 1262), first Abbasid caliph of Cairo for the Mamluk Sultanate between 1261 and 1262 * Muhammad I al-Mustansir (1228–1277), Hafsid ruler of North Africa and self-declared Caliph * Abu Faris Abd al-Aziz I of Morocco (r. 1366–1372), Marinid sultan of Morocco * Abu'l-Abbas Ahmad al-Mustansir (r. 1374–1384, 1387–1393), Marinid sultan of Morocco * Ghabdula Chelbir Mustansir ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arabic
Arabic (, ' ; , ' or ) is a Semitic languages, Semitic language spoken primarily across the Arab world.Semitic languages: an international handbook / edited by Stefan Weninger; in collaboration with Geoffrey Khan, Michael P. Streck, Janet C. E.Watson; Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co. KG, Berlin/Boston, 2011. Having emerged in the 1st century, it is named after the Arabs, Arab people; the term "Arab" was initially used to describe those living in the Arabian Peninsula, as perceived by geographers from ancient Greece. Since the 7th century, Arabic has been characterized by diglossia, with an opposition between a standard Prestige (sociolinguistics), prestige language—i.e., Literary Arabic: Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) or Classical Arabic—and diverse vernacular varieties, which serve as First language, mother tongues. Colloquial dialects vary significantly from MSA, impeding mutual intelligibility. MSA is only acquired through formal education and is not spoken natively. It is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
English Language
English is a West Germanic language of the Indo-European language family, with its earliest forms spoken by the inhabitants of early medieval England. It is named after the Angles, one of the ancient Germanic peoples that migrated to the island of Great Britain. Existing on a dialect continuum with Scots, and then closest related to the Low Saxon and Frisian languages, English is genealogically West Germanic. However, its vocabulary is also distinctively influenced by dialects of France (about 29% of Modern English words) and Latin (also about 29%), plus some grammar and a small amount of core vocabulary influenced by Old Norse (a North Germanic language). Speakers of English are called Anglophones. The earliest forms of English, collectively known as Old English, evolved from a group of West Germanic (Ingvaeonic) dialects brought to Great Britain by Anglo-Saxon settlers in the 5th century and further mutated by Norse-speaking Viking settlers starting in the 8th and 9th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arabia
The Arabian Peninsula, (; ar, شِبْهُ الْجَزِيرَةِ الْعَرَبِيَّة, , "Arabian Peninsula" or , , "Island of the Arabs") or Arabia, is a peninsula of Western Asia, situated northeast of Africa on the Arabian Plate. At , the Arabian Peninsula is the largest peninsula in the world. Geographically, the Arabian Peninsula includes Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates (UAE), and Yemen, as well as the southern portions of Iraq and Jordan. The largest of these is Saudi Arabia. In the classical era, the southern portions of modern-day Syria, Jordan, and the Sinai Peninsula were also considered parts of Arabia (see Arabia Petraea). The Arabian Peninsula formed as a result of the rifting of the Red Sea between 56 and 23 million years ago, and is bordered by the Red Sea to the west and southwest, the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman to the northeast, the Levant and Mesopotamia to the north and the Arabian Sea and the Indian Oce ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Middle East
The Middle East ( ar, الشرق الأوسط, ISO 233: ) is a geopolitical region commonly encompassing Arabian Peninsula, Arabia (including the Arabian Peninsula and Bahrain), Anatolia, Asia Minor (Asian part of Turkey except Hatay Province), East Thrace (European part of Turkey), Egypt, Iran, the Levant (including Syria (region), Ash-Shām and Cyprus), Mesopotamia (modern-day Iraq), and the Socotra Governorate, Socotra Archipelago (a part of Yemen). The term came into widespread usage as a replacement of the term Near East (as opposed to the Far East) beginning in the early 20th century. The term "Middle East" has led to some confusion over its changing definitions, and has been viewed by some to be discriminatory or too Eurocentrism, Eurocentric. The region includes the vast majority of the territories included in the closely associated definition of Western Asia (including Iran), but without the South Caucasus, and additionally includes all of Egypt (not just the Sina ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ma'ad Al-Mustansir Billah
Abū Tamīm Maʿad al-Mustanṣir biʾllāh ( ar, أبو تميم معد المستنصر بالله; 2 July 1029 – 29 December 1094) was the eighth Fatimid Caliph from 1036 until 1094. He was one of the longest reigning Muslim rulers. His reign, otherwise mixed, was the twilight of the Fatimid state. The start of his reign saw the continuation of competent administrators running the Fatamid state ( Anushtakin, al-Jarjara'i, and later al-Yazuri), overseeing the state's prosperity in the first two decades of al-Mustansir's reign. However, the break out of court infighting between the Turkish and Berber/Sudanese court factions following al-Yazuri's assassination, coinciding with natural disasters in Egypt and the gradual loss of administrative control over Fatamid possessions outside of Egypt, almost resulted in the total collapse of the Fatamid state in the 1060s, before the appointment of the Armenian general Badr al-Jamali, who assumed power as vizier in 1073, and beca ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Al-Mustansir Billah II (Nizari Imam)
Ali Shah, known by the regnal name al-Mustansir Billah II ( ar, المستنصر بالله الثاني علي شاه; 1480-1463/4), was the 32nd imam of the Qasim-Shahi branch of the Nizari Isma'ili community. His reign initiated the Anjudan period of Nizari history, which was marked by a revival of Nizari teachings. Background The history of Nizari Isma'ilism in the centuries following the fall of the Nizari Isma'ili state to the Mongol Empire in 1256 is particularly obscure, both due to lack of scholarly attention and due to lack of reliable sources, as the Nizari faithful were left scattered and without central leadership and often had to dissimulate their true faith due to persecution by Sunni rulers. During the 14th century, moreover, the line of succession to the imamate split into two rival factions, the Muhammad-Shahi and Qasim-Shahi lines, of which the former initially gained the allegiance of the majority of the Nizari communities and were more active in the histo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Al-Mustansir Billah III
Abbas Shah (died August 1498), also known as Gharib Mirza and with the regnal name of al-Mustansir Billah III, was the 34th imam of the Qasim-Shahi branch of the Nizari Isma'ili community. He succeeded his father, Abd al-Salam Shah, upon his death in 1493–4, at Anjudan Anjudan ( fa, انجدان, also Romanized as Anjedān; also known as Andījān, Anjidān, and Injadān) is a village in Amanabad Rural District, in the Central District of Arak County, Markazi Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its populatio .... According to oral Nizari tradition, he died in 1496–7, but the inscription in his mausoleum gives the date as August 1498. According to Nizari tradition, he was succeeded by his son Abu Dharr Ali, known as Nur al-Din. References Sources * * {{Shia Imams 1498 deaths Nizari imams 15th-century Iranian people Iranian Ismailis 15th-century Ismailis 15th-century Islamic religious leaders People from Markazi Province ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sayf Al-Dawla Ibn Hud Al-Mustansir
Aḥmad III Abū Jaʿfar ibn ʿAbd al-Malik al-Mustanṣir ( ar, أحمد الثالث أبو جعفر بن عبد الملك المستنصر; died 5 February 1146), called Sayf al-Dawla ("Sword of the Dynasty"), Latinised as Zafadola, was the last ruler of the Hudid dynasty. He ruled the rump of the ''taifa'' kingdom of Zaragoza from his castle at Rueda de Jalón, in what is now Spain. He was the son of Abd al-Malik. After the city of Zaragoza was conquered by the Almoravids in 1110, ʿAbd al-Malik and Sayf al-Dawla fled to Rueda to resist the invaders. There they received help from Alfonso the Battler, king of Aragon. Their state was reduced to the towns of Rueda and Borja and their hinterland. In 1130 ʿAbd al-Malik died. In 1131 Sayf al-Dawla sent messengers to the court of King Alfonso VII of León to propose his rendering homage to Alfonso. The latter sent an embassy led by Count Rodrigo Martínez and the king's counsellor Gutierre Fernández de Castro to Rueda to make ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Al-Mustansir I
Al-Mustansir Bi'llah (full name:Abû Ja`far al-Mustansir bi-llah al-Mansûr ben az-Zâhir Surname Al-Mustansir), (17 February 1192 – 2 December 1242) was the Caliph of the Abbasid dynasty from 1226 to 1242. He succeeded Caliph Az-Zahir in the year 1226 and was the penultimate caliph to rule from Baghdad. Biography Al-Mustansir was born in Baghdad on 1192. He was the son of Abu Nasr Muhammad (future caliph Al-Zahir). His mother was a Turkish Umm walad. called Zahra. His full name was ''Mansur ibn Muhammad al-Zahir'' and his Kunya was ''Abu Jaʿfar''. At the time of his birth, his father was a prince. When his father ascended to the throne in 1225. His father, lowered the taxes of Iraq, and built a strong army to resist invasions. He died on 10 July 1226, nine months after his accession. On his father's death in 1226 he has succeeded his father Az-Zahir as the thirty-sixth Abbasid Caliph in Baghdad. Al-Mustansir is particularly known for establishing Mustansiriya Madrasah ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Al-Mustansir II
Abu'l-Qasim Ahmad al-Mustansir (), (c. 1210 – 28 November 1261) was the first Abbasid caliph whose seat was in Cairo and who was subservient to the Mamluk Sultanate. He reigned from June 1261 to 28 November 1261. Life Abu'l-Qasim Ahmad was a member of the Abbasid house who was imprisoned by his nephew the Caliph al-Musta'sim in Baghdad. Following the Sack of Baghdad by the Mongols in 1258, he escaped to the Arab tribes in the desert, where he hid out for over three years, until after the Mamluks had driven the Mongols from Syria in 1260. After making his way to Cairo, Mamluk Egypt, al-Mustansir was installed as Caliph there by the Mamluk Sultan Baybars I in 1261. He was sent with an army to the east to recover Baghdad, but was killed in a Mongol ambush near al-Anbar (near Falluja in modern Iraq) in 1261, and was succeeded, though not immediately, by his rather distant Abbasid kinsman (and former rival caliph, having been proclaimed by the ruler of Aleppo) Al-Hakim I Al ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Muhammad I Al-Mustansir
Muhammad I al-Mustansir (; ) was the second ruler of the Hafsid dynasty in Ifriqiya and the first to claim the title of Khalif. Al-Mustansir concluded a peace agreement to end the Eighth Crusade launched by Louis IX of France in 1270. Muhammad I al-Mustansir had been a vassal of the Kingdom of Sicily, but had shaken off his allegiance when King Manfred was overthrown by King Charles I. On Hunting In 1247, he wrote a book called "On Hunting", which detailed the ways in which hunting in North Africa was undertaken at the time. An especially interesting chapter is on hunting with salukis, which teaches the hunter on how to manage this animal and how to hunt with it. Other aspects of the book involve the training and management of falcons, and other techniques utilized around his estate in Bizerte. Eighth Crusade The Mamluk sultan Baibars had been attacking the remnant of the Crusader states in Syria. Baibars had seized the opportunity after a war pitting the cities of V ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abu Faris Abd Al-Aziz I Of Morocco
Abu Faris al-Mustansir Abd al-Aziz ibn Ali () was the Marinid Sultan of Morocco from 1366 until his death in 1372. He assumed the throne at a time when Marinid authority was in decline, but during his rule managed to reverse this trend. After his death the kingdom returned to anarchy. Background Abu Faris Abd al-Aziz came to power at a time when the Moorish states of Granada, Morocco and Tlemcen were all weak, and were all prone to meddling in each other's affairs. Abu Faris was one of the sons of Abu al-Hasan ibn Uthman, and before coming to the throne was held captive in the palace of Fez. Rule In 1366 Sultan Muhammad II ibn Faris of Morocco tried to remove the vizier Umar bin Abdulla al-Yabani from office, and was killed in response. Abu Faris Abdul-Aziz came to the throne. Once he was firmly in control he had the vizier killed. Abu Faris was one of the more decisive of the Marinid rulers. He defeated the neighboring Zayyanid kingdom of Tlemcen, to the east. Abu Faris a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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