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Abu Yahya Abu Bakr Ash-Shahid
Abu Yahya Abu Bakr ash-Shahid () or Abu Bakr was a grandson of the Caliph Abu Ishaq Ibrahim I Abu Ishaq Ibrahim I ( ar, أبو إسحاق إبراهيم) was the Hafsid emir of Ifriqiya (1279–1283). Ibrahim came to power during the struggles that broke out under Yahya II al-Wathiq. In contrast to his two predecessors, he only held the ..., he ruled Tunisia for just 17 days in 1309. Life The Caliph Abu Asida Muhammad II died in 1309, and, in accordance with the agreement signed by him with his nephew Abu-l-Baqa Khalid An-Nasr, he was to be proclaimed a caliph. The sheikhs of Almohad sheikhs of Tunis however elevated Abu Bakr to the throne. After 17 days he was deposed and executed by Abu-l-Baqa, who arrived with an army from Bejaia. He was thereafter known as "Ash-Shahid" ("the martyr"). References {{s-end 1309 deaths 14th-century Hafsid caliphs ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Caliph
A caliphate or khilāfah ( ar, خِلَافَة, ) is an institution or public office under the leadership of an Islamic steward with the title of caliph (; ar, خَلِيفَة , ), a person considered a political-religious successor to the Islamic prophet Muhammad and a leader of the entire Muslim world (ummah). Historically, the caliphates were polities based on Islam which developed into multi-ethnic trans-national empires. During the medieval period, three major caliphates succeeded each other: the Rashidun Caliphate (632–661), the Umayyad Caliphate (661–750), and the Abbasid Caliphate (750–1258). In the fourth major caliphate, the Ottoman Caliphate, the rulers of the Ottoman Empire claimed caliphal authority from 1517. Throughout the history of Islam, a few other Muslim states, almost all hereditary monarchies such as the Mamluk Sultanate (Cairo) and Ayyubid Caliphate, have claimed to be caliphates. The first caliphate, the Rashidun Caliphate, was established in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hafsid Dynasty
The Hafsids ( ar, الحفصيون ) were a Sunni Muslim dynasty of Berber descentC. Magbaily Fyle, ''Introduction to the History of African Civilization: Precolonial Africa'', (University Press of America, 1999), 84. who ruled Ifriqiya (western Libya, Tunisia, and eastern Algeria) from 1229 to 1574. History Almohad Ifriqiya The Hafsids were of Berber descent, although to further legitimize their rule, they claimed Arab ancestry from the second Rashidun Caliph Omar. The ancestor of the dynasty and from whom their name is derived was Abu Hafs Umar ibn Yahya al-Hintati, a Berber from the Hintata tribal confederation, which belonged to the greater Masmuda confederation of Morocco. He was a member of the council of ten and a close companion of Ibn Tumart. His original Berber name was "Faskat u-Mzal Inti", which later was changed to "Abu Hafs Umar ibn Yahya al-Hintati" (also known as "Umar Inti") since it was a tradition of Ibn Tumart to rename his close companions once they had ad ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abu Asida Muhammad II
Abu-Asida Muhammad II ( ar, أبو عبد الله محمد أبو عصيدة) also known as Abû `Asida Muhammad al-Muntasir Billah, (1279–1309) was the Hafsid dynasty caliph of Tunis. He was the posthumous son of Yahya II al-Wathiq and successor of Abu Hafs Umar bin Yahya. He reigned from 1295 to September 1309. Life During his reign a treaty was signed with the Republic of Venice The Republic of Venice ( vec, Repùblega de Venèsia) or Venetian Republic ( vec, Repùblega Vèneta, links=no), traditionally known as La Serenissima ( en, Most Serene Republic of Venice, italics=yes; vec, Serenìsima Repùblega de Venèsia, ... in 1305 and with James II of Aragon in1301 and 1308. During his reign there was an attempt to end the schism with the western branch of the Hafsids. Abu-Zakariyya, ruler of Bejaia died in 1301 and was succeeded by his son Abu-l-Baqa Khalid An-Nasr. This prince approached Abu-Assida and concluded an agreement with him that whichever died first ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abu-l-Baqa Khalid An-Nasr
Abu-l-Baqa Khalid An-Nasr ( ar, أبو البقاء خالد الناصر), was the Hafsid ruler first of Bejaia and later of Tunis. In Bejaia he succeeded his father Abu Zakariyya Yahya III, while in Tunis he seized power after the brief reign of Abu Yahya Abu Bakr ash-Shahid. Ramon Llull in Bejaïa In 1307 while he was ruler of Bejaïa the city was visited by the Christian scholar Ramon Llull. During his earlier visit to Tunis Llull had adopted a non-confrontational approach in his efforts to convert Muslims, but in this occasion he claimed to prove the falsehood of Islam. He was beaten and the qadi had him locked up. He remained imprisoned for six months, until Abu-l-Baqa decided to release him and expel him from his domains. Rule in Tunis Abu-l-Baqa Khalid approached Abu Asida Muhammad II, the Hafsid ruler of Tunis, with proposals to end the division between the two branches of the family. Under the agreement which followed, the first to die would be succeeded by the other ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Islam
Islam (; ar, ۘالِإسلَام, , ) is an Abrahamic religions, Abrahamic Monotheism#Islam, monotheistic religion centred primarily around the Quran, a religious text considered by Muslims to be the direct word of God in Islam, God (or ''Allah'') as it was revealed to Muhammad, the Muhammad in Islam, main and final Islamic prophet.Peters, F. E. 2009. "Allāh." In , edited by J. L. Esposito. Oxford: Oxford University Press. . (See alsoquick reference) "[T]he Muslims' understanding of Allāh is based...on the Qurʿān's public witness. Allāh is Unique, the Creator, Sovereign, and Judge of mankind. It is Allāh who directs the universe through his direct action on nature and who has guided human history through his prophets, Abraham, with whom he made his covenant, Moses/Moosa, Jesus/Eesa, and Muḥammad, through all of whom he founded his chosen communities, the 'Peoples of the Book.'" It is the Major religious groups, world's second-largest religion behind Christianity, w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abu Ishaq Ibrahim I
Abu Ishaq Ibrahim I ( ar, أبو إسحاق إبراهيم) was the Hafsid emir of Ifriqiya (1279–1283). Ibrahim came to power during the struggles that broke out under Yahya II al-Wathiq. In contrast to his two predecessors, he only held the title of emir and did not claim the caliphate for himself. He was overthrown by the rebellion of Ibn Abi Umara. Early life (to 1279) Ibrahim was the son of Abu Zakariya Yahya and a concubine named Ruwaida, and younger half-brother of Muhammad I al-Mustansir. He was described by the 14th century chronicler Ibn al-Khātib as being of average height but overweight, with brown skin and pleasant features. When Al-Mustansir came to power, Ibrahim was placed under close surveillance but in 1253 he fled to the town of Zaraïa (near Sétif) where he took refuge with nomadic Thawawida tribesmen. Here he proclaimed himself ruler and began a rebellion and began preparing to advance on Gabes, but some of his allies abandoned him and he had to wit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1309 Deaths
Thirteen or 13 may refer to: * 13 (number), the natural number following 12 and preceding 14 * One of the years 13 BC, AD 13, 1913, 2013 Music * 13AD (band), an Indian classic and hard rock band Albums * ''13'' (Black Sabbath album), 2013 * ''13'' (Blur album), 1999 * ''13'' (Borgeous album), 2016 * ''13'' (Brian Setzer album), 2006 * ''13'' (Die Ärzte album), 1998 * ''13'' (The Doors album), 1970 * ''13'' (Havoc album), 2013 * ''13'' (HLAH album), 1993 * ''13'' (Indochine album), 2017 * ''13'' (Marta Savić album), 2011 * ''13'' (Norman Westberg album), 2015 * ''13'' (Ozark Mountain Daredevils album), 1997 * ''13'' (Six Feet Under album), 2005 * ''13'' (Suicidal Tendencies album), 2013 * ''13'' (Solace album), 2003 * ''13'' (Second Coming album), 2003 * ''13'' (Ces Cru EP), 2012 * ''13'' (Denzel Curry EP), 2017 * ''Thirteen'' (CJ & The Satellites album), 2007 * ''Thirteen'' (Emmylou Harris album), 1986 * ''Thirteen'' (Harem Scarem album), 2014 * ''Thirtee ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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