1965 In Portugal

picture info	1965 In Portugal Events in the year 1965 in Portugal. Incumbents President: Américo Tomás Prime Minister: António de Oliveira Salazar Events * 15 September - Harry Reedman arrives in Lisbon to set up the Rhodesian mission there. 7 November – Portuguese legislative election, 1965. Portuguese presidential election, 1965 Arts and entertainment 20 March - "Sol de inverno", performed by Simone de Oliveira, Portugal's entry in the Eurovision Song Contest held in Naples, finishes twelfth. Sports C.D. Mafra founded * Vieira S.C. founded Births 27 February - Pedro Chaves, racing driver 23 March - José Leal, footballer 27 March - Francisco Ribeiro, musician and composer (Madredeus) (d. 2010) 26 September - Alexandra Lencastre, actress 24 November - Rui Barros, footballer 24 December - Mafalda Veiga, singer-songwriter ''date unknown'' - Alexandre Delgado, composer Deaths 13 February - Humberto Delgado, military leader and politician (born 1906); assassinated 11 June &ndash ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR:* [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Portugal Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic ( pt, República Portuguesa, links=yes ), is a country whose mainland is located on the Iberian Peninsula of Southwestern Europe, and whose territory also includes the Atlantic archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira. It features the westernmost point in continental Europe, and its Iberian portion is bordered to the west and south by the Atlantic Ocean and to the north and east by Spain, the sole country to have a land border with Portugal. Its two archipelagos form two autonomous regions with their own regional governments. Lisbon is the capital and largest city by population. Portugal is the oldest continuously existing nation state on the Iberian Peninsula and one of the oldest in Europe, its territory having been continuously settled, invaded and fought over since prehistoric times. It was inhabited by pre-Celtic and Celtic peoples who had contact with Phoenicians and Ancient Greek traders, it was ruled by the Ro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	23 March Events Pre-1600 1400 – The Trần dynasty of Vietnam is deposed, after one hundred and seventy-five years of rule, by Hồ Quý Ly, a court official. 1540 – Waltham Abbey is surrendered to King Henry VIII of England; the last religious community to be closed during the Dissolution of the Monasteries. 1568 – The Peace of Longjumeau is signed, ending the second phase of the French Wars of Religion. 1601–1900 1775 – American Revolutionary War: Patrick Henry delivers his speech – " Give me liberty, or give me death!" – at St. John's Episcopal Church, Richmond, Virginia. * 1801 – Tsar Paul I of Russia is struck with a sword, then strangled, and finally trampled to death inside his bedroom at St. Michael's Castle. 1806 – After traveling through the Louisiana Purchase and reaching the Pacific Ocean, explorers Lewis and Clark and their "Corps of Discovery" begin their arduous journey home. 1821 – Greek War of Independenc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Alexandre Delgado Alexandre Delgado (born 1965) is a Portuguese composer from Lisbon. He is the composer of the chamber opera '' O doido e a morte'' (Death and the Madman) (1993), which premièred at the Teatro Nacional de São Carlos in Lisbon in November 1994, and was later staged at the Theater am Halleschen Ufer in Berlin in December 1996 with Delgado conducting. See also List of Portuguese composers This is a chronological list of notable classical Portuguese composers. Middle Ages King Dinis I, King of Portugal, composer and troubadour. He composed more than 200 cantigas. Renaissance Pedro de Escobar (c. 1465–after 1535), compo ... References Portuguese composers Portuguese male composers 1965 births Living people Musicians from Lisbon {{Portugal-composer-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR:* [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Mafalda Veiga Mafalda Veiga (born 24 December 1965) is a Portuguese singer-songwriter, born in Lisbon. Discography * ''Pássaros do sul'' (1987) * ''Planície'' (single, 1987) * ''Cantar'' (1988) * ''Nada se repete'' (1992) * ''A cor da fogueira'' (1996) * ''Tatuagem'' (1999) * ''Cada lugar teu'' (single, 1999) * ''Um pouco mais'' (1999), wrote to Susana Félix * ''Mafalda Veiga ao Vivo'' (live, 2000) * ''Na alma e na pele'' (2003) * ''Lado a Lado'' (2006), duet with João Pedro Pais João Pedro Pais (born in September) is a singer and musician from Portugal Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic ( pt, República Portuguesa, links=yes ), is a country whose mainland is located on the Iberian Peninsula of Southwe ... * ''Chão'' (2008) * ''Zoom'' (2011) * ''Grandes êxitos'' (2013) * "essencial" (2014) * ''Praia'' (2016) Bibliography * ''Songbook de Mafalda Veiga'' (Quasi Edições, 2004) External links Official site 1965 births Living people Portuguese women singer- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	24 December Events Pre-1600 * 502 – Chinese emperor Xiao Yan names Xiao Tong his heir designate. * 640 – Pope John IV is elected, several months after his predecessor's death. * 759 – Tang dynasty poet Du Fu departs for Chengdu, where he is hosted by fellow poet Pei Di. * 1144 – The capital of the crusader County of Edessa falls to Imad ad-Din Zengi, the atabeg of Mosul and Aleppo. * 1294 – Pope Boniface VIII is elected, replacing St. Celestine V, who had resigned. 1500 – A joint Venetian–Spanish fleet captures the Castle of St. George on the island of Cephalonia. 1601–1900 1737 – The Marathas defeat the combined forces of the Mughal Empire, Rajputs of Jaipur, Nizam of Hyderabad, Nawab of Awadh and Nawab of Bengal in the Battle of Bhopal. * 1777 – Kiritimati, also called Christmas Island, is discovered by James Cook. * 1800 – The Plot of the rue Saint-Nicaise fails to kill Napoleon Bonaparte. * 1814 – Representativ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Rui Barros Rui Gil Soares de Barros (born 24 November 1965) is a Portuguese former professional footballer who played as an attacking midfielder, currently a manager. He played with success in Portugal (at Porto), Italy – at Juventus – and France (two clubs), later becoming a manager. Over eight seasons, he amassed Primeira Liga totals of 191 matches and 43 goals, all with Porto. Barros represented Portugal on 36 occasions, scoring four goals. Club career Early years and Porto Born in Paredes, Porto District, Barros began his senior career with S.C. Covilhã in the Segunda Liga. He helped Varzim S.C. to promote to the Primeira Liga in his second season as a professional. Barros signed with FC Porto for 1987–88, immediately having an impact: 12 goals in the league, which ended with the championship conquest, also being essential as the northerners began the campaign with two major achievements, the European Super Cup against AFC Ajax and the Intercontinental Cup against Peñaro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	24 November Events Pre-1600 * 380 – Theodosius I makes his ''adventus (ceremony), adventus'', or formal entry, into Constantinople. 1190 – Conrad of Montferrat becomes King of Jerusalem upon his marriage to Isabella I of Jerusalem. 1221 – Genghis Khan defeats the renegade Khwarazmian Empire, Khwarazmian prince Jalal al-Din Mangburni, Jalal al-Din at the Battle of the Indus, completing the Mongol conquest of Central Asia. 1227 – Gąsawa massacre: At an assembly of Piast dukes at Gąsawa, Polish Prince Leszek the White, Duke Henry the Bearded and others are attacked by assassins while bathing. 1248 – An overnight landslide on the north side of Mont Granier, one of the largest historical rockslope failures ever recorded in Europe, destroys five villages. 1359 – Peter I of Cyprus ascends the throne of Cyprus after his father, Hugh IV of Cyprus, abdicates. 1429 – Hundred Years' War: Joan of Arc unsuccessfully Siege of La Charité, besieges La Cha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Alexandra Lencastre Alexandra Lencastre (born Maria Alexandra de Alencastre Telo Teodósio Pedrosa on September 26, 1965) is a Portuguese actress. Career Lencastre was born in Lisbon. She left the Course of Philosophy at the Faculty of Arts of Lisbon to join the Lisbon Theatre and Film School (Escola Superior de Teatro e Cinema), where she graduated in Theatre (Actors Training) (1986). Win projection when working with Jorge Listopad the play Frei Luís de Sousa, Almeida Garrett (Actress Award Revelation, by APCT, 1986). Since then she collaborated with other directors such as Mario Feliciano, Orlando Neves, Carlos Avilez, Gaston Cruz, José Wallenstein, Rogério de Carvalho and John Lawrence, who directed her in his last theatrical experience, Fernando Krapp wrote me this letter from Dorst Tanked (1997). She became one of the most popular actresses on Portuguese television. She began to appear in the Portuguese version of the children's television series ''Sesame Street'' (1990), then she moved on ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	26 September Events Pre-1600 46 BC – Julius Caesar dedicates a temple to Venus Genetrix, fulfilling a vow he made at the Battle of Pharsalus. 715 – Ragenfrid defeats Theudoald at the Battle of Compiègne. * 1087 – William II is crowned King of England, and reigns until 1100. 1212 – The Golden Bull of Sicily is issued to confirm the hereditary royal title in Bohemia for the Přemyslid dynasty. 1345 – Friso-Hollandic Wars: Frisians defeat Holland in the Battle of Warns. 1371 – Serbian–Turkish wars: Ottoman Turks fought against a Serbian army at the Battle of Maritsa. 1423 – Hundred Years' War: A French army defeats the English at the Battle of La Brossinière. 1493 – Pope Alexander VI issues the papal bull ''Dudum siquidem'' to the Spanish, extending the grant of new lands he made them in ''Inter caetera''. 1580 – Francis Drake finishes his circumnavigation of the Earth in Plymouth, England. 1601–1900 1687 – Morean ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR:* [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
picture info	2010 In Portugal The following lists events that happened during 2010 in Portugal. Incumbents * President: Aníbal Cavaco Silva * Prime Minister: José Sócrates Events June 5 June – Same-sex marriage became legal. December Portuguese Natural Gas Association is founded. Arts and entertainment In music: Portugal in the Eurovision Song Contest 2010. Sports Football (soccer) competitions: Primeira Liga, Liga de Honra, Taça da Liga, Taça de Portugal. Deaths 9 January – Acúrsio Carrelo, footballer (born 1931). 18 June – José Saramago, novelist, poet, playwright, journalist and Nobel laureate, (born 1922) 25 July – Vasco de Almeida e Costa, naval officer and politician (born 1932) See also List of Portuguese films of 2010 A list of Portuguese films that were first released in 2010. See also * 2010 in Portugal References {{DEFAULTSORT:Portuguese Films Of 201o 2010 File:2010 Events Collage New.png, From top left, clockwise: The 2010 Chile ea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
picture info	Madredeus Madredeus () are a Portuguese musical ensemble formed in 1985, in Lisbon. Their music combines traditional Portuguese music, fado and folk music. Madredeus are one of the most successful music groups from Portugal, having sold over 3 million albums worldwide. History 1985–1993: Formation and first lineup Madredeus' first lineup consisted of Pedro Ayres Magalhães (classical guitar), Rodrigo Leão (keyboard synthesizer), Francisco Ribeiro (cello), Gabriel Gomes (accordion) and Teresa Salgueiro (vocals). Magalhães and Leão formed the band in 1985, Ribeiro and Gomes joined in 1986. In search of a female singer, they found Teresa Salgueiro in one of Lisbon's night clubs. Teresa agreed to join and, in 1987, Madredeus recorded their first album, ''Os Dias da MadreDeus, Os dias da MadreDeus''. The first album was recorded in their rehearsal space, a converted abbey in Lisbon. The recording was especially strenuous due to deafening interruptions every 5 minutes from Trams in Li ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]

picture info	1965 In Portugal Events in the year 1965 in Portugal. Incumbents President: Américo Tomás Prime Minister: António de Oliveira Salazar Events * 15 September - Harry Reedman arrives in Lisbon to set up the Rhodesian mission there. 7 November – Portuguese legislative election, 1965. Portuguese presidential election, 1965 Arts and entertainment 20 March - "Sol de inverno", performed by Simone de Oliveira, Portugal's entry in the Eurovision Song Contest held in Naples, finishes twelfth. Sports C.D. Mafra founded * Vieira S.C. founded Births 27 February - Pedro Chaves, racing driver 23 March - José Leal, footballer 27 March - Francisco Ribeiro, musician and composer (Madredeus) (d. 2010) 26 September - Alexandra Lencastre, actress 24 November - Rui Barros, footballer 24 December - Mafalda Veiga, singer-songwriter ''date unknown'' - Alexandre Delgado, composer Deaths 13 February - Humberto Delgado, military leader and politician (born 1906); assassinated 11 June &ndash ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR:* [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Portugal Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic ( pt, República Portuguesa, links=yes ), is a country whose mainland is located on the Iberian Peninsula of Southwestern Europe, and whose territory also includes the Atlantic archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira. It features the westernmost point in continental Europe, and its Iberian portion is bordered to the west and south by the Atlantic Ocean and to the north and east by Spain, the sole country to have a land border with Portugal. Its two archipelagos form two autonomous regions with their own regional governments. Lisbon is the capital and largest city by population. Portugal is the oldest continuously existing nation state on the Iberian Peninsula and one of the oldest in Europe, its territory having been continuously settled, invaded and fought over since prehistoric times. It was inhabited by pre-Celtic and Celtic peoples who had contact with Phoenicians and Ancient Greek traders, it was ruled by the Ro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	23 March Events Pre-1600 1400 – The Trần dynasty of Vietnam is deposed, after one hundred and seventy-five years of rule, by Hồ Quý Ly, a court official. 1540 – Waltham Abbey is surrendered to King Henry VIII of England; the last religious community to be closed during the Dissolution of the Monasteries. 1568 – The Peace of Longjumeau is signed, ending the second phase of the French Wars of Religion. 1601–1900 1775 – American Revolutionary War: Patrick Henry delivers his speech – " Give me liberty, or give me death!" – at St. John's Episcopal Church, Richmond, Virginia. * 1801 – Tsar Paul I of Russia is struck with a sword, then strangled, and finally trampled to death inside his bedroom at St. Michael's Castle. 1806 – After traveling through the Louisiana Purchase and reaching the Pacific Ocean, explorers Lewis and Clark and their "Corps of Discovery" begin their arduous journey home. 1821 – Greek War of Independenc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Alexandre Delgado Alexandre Delgado (born 1965) is a Portuguese composer from Lisbon. He is the composer of the chamber opera '' O doido e a morte'' (Death and the Madman) (1993), which premièred at the Teatro Nacional de São Carlos in Lisbon in November 1994, and was later staged at the Theater am Halleschen Ufer in Berlin in December 1996 with Delgado conducting. See also List of Portuguese composers This is a chronological list of notable classical Portuguese composers. Middle Ages King Dinis I, King of Portugal, composer and troubadour. He composed more than 200 cantigas. Renaissance Pedro de Escobar (c. 1465–after 1535), compo ... References Portuguese composers Portuguese male composers 1965 births Living people Musicians from Lisbon {{Portugal-composer-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR:* [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Mafalda Veiga Mafalda Veiga (born 24 December 1965) is a Portuguese singer-songwriter, born in Lisbon. Discography * ''Pássaros do sul'' (1987) * ''Planície'' (single, 1987) * ''Cantar'' (1988) * ''Nada se repete'' (1992) * ''A cor da fogueira'' (1996) * ''Tatuagem'' (1999) * ''Cada lugar teu'' (single, 1999) * ''Um pouco mais'' (1999), wrote to Susana Félix * ''Mafalda Veiga ao Vivo'' (live, 2000) * ''Na alma e na pele'' (2003) * ''Lado a Lado'' (2006), duet with João Pedro Pais João Pedro Pais (born in September) is a singer and musician from Portugal Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic ( pt, República Portuguesa, links=yes ), is a country whose mainland is located on the Iberian Peninsula of Southwe ... * ''Chão'' (2008) * ''Zoom'' (2011) * ''Grandes êxitos'' (2013) * "essencial" (2014) * ''Praia'' (2016) Bibliography * ''Songbook de Mafalda Veiga'' (Quasi Edições, 2004) External links Official site 1965 births Living people Portuguese women singer- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	24 December Events Pre-1600 * 502 – Chinese emperor Xiao Yan names Xiao Tong his heir designate. * 640 – Pope John IV is elected, several months after his predecessor's death. * 759 – Tang dynasty poet Du Fu departs for Chengdu, where he is hosted by fellow poet Pei Di. * 1144 – The capital of the crusader County of Edessa falls to Imad ad-Din Zengi, the atabeg of Mosul and Aleppo. * 1294 – Pope Boniface VIII is elected, replacing St. Celestine V, who had resigned. 1500 – A joint Venetian–Spanish fleet captures the Castle of St. George on the island of Cephalonia. 1601–1900 1737 – The Marathas defeat the combined forces of the Mughal Empire, Rajputs of Jaipur, Nizam of Hyderabad, Nawab of Awadh and Nawab of Bengal in the Battle of Bhopal. * 1777 – Kiritimati, also called Christmas Island, is discovered by James Cook. * 1800 – The Plot of the rue Saint-Nicaise fails to kill Napoleon Bonaparte. * 1814 – Representativ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Rui Barros Rui Gil Soares de Barros (born 24 November 1965) is a Portuguese former professional footballer who played as an attacking midfielder, currently a manager. He played with success in Portugal (at Porto), Italy – at Juventus – and France (two clubs), later becoming a manager. Over eight seasons, he amassed Primeira Liga totals of 191 matches and 43 goals, all with Porto. Barros represented Portugal on 36 occasions, scoring four goals. Club career Early years and Porto Born in Paredes, Porto District, Barros began his senior career with S.C. Covilhã in the Segunda Liga. He helped Varzim S.C. to promote to the Primeira Liga in his second season as a professional. Barros signed with FC Porto for 1987–88, immediately having an impact: 12 goals in the league, which ended with the championship conquest, also being essential as the northerners began the campaign with two major achievements, the European Super Cup against AFC Ajax and the Intercontinental Cup against Peñaro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	24 November Events Pre-1600 * 380 – Theodosius I makes his ''adventus (ceremony), adventus'', or formal entry, into Constantinople. 1190 – Conrad of Montferrat becomes King of Jerusalem upon his marriage to Isabella I of Jerusalem. 1221 – Genghis Khan defeats the renegade Khwarazmian Empire, Khwarazmian prince Jalal al-Din Mangburni, Jalal al-Din at the Battle of the Indus, completing the Mongol conquest of Central Asia. 1227 – Gąsawa massacre: At an assembly of Piast dukes at Gąsawa, Polish Prince Leszek the White, Duke Henry the Bearded and others are attacked by assassins while bathing. 1248 – An overnight landslide on the north side of Mont Granier, one of the largest historical rockslope failures ever recorded in Europe, destroys five villages. 1359 – Peter I of Cyprus ascends the throne of Cyprus after his father, Hugh IV of Cyprus, abdicates. 1429 – Hundred Years' War: Joan of Arc unsuccessfully Siege of La Charité, besieges La Cha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Alexandra Lencastre Alexandra Lencastre (born Maria Alexandra de Alencastre Telo Teodósio Pedrosa on September 26, 1965) is a Portuguese actress. Career Lencastre was born in Lisbon. She left the Course of Philosophy at the Faculty of Arts of Lisbon to join the Lisbon Theatre and Film School (Escola Superior de Teatro e Cinema), where she graduated in Theatre (Actors Training) (1986). Win projection when working with Jorge Listopad the play Frei Luís de Sousa, Almeida Garrett (Actress Award Revelation, by APCT, 1986). Since then she collaborated with other directors such as Mario Feliciano, Orlando Neves, Carlos Avilez, Gaston Cruz, José Wallenstein, Rogério de Carvalho and John Lawrence, who directed her in his last theatrical experience, Fernando Krapp wrote me this letter from Dorst Tanked (1997). She became one of the most popular actresses on Portuguese television. She began to appear in the Portuguese version of the children's television series ''Sesame Street'' (1990), then she moved on ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	26 September Events Pre-1600 46 BC – Julius Caesar dedicates a temple to Venus Genetrix, fulfilling a vow he made at the Battle of Pharsalus. 715 – Ragenfrid defeats Theudoald at the Battle of Compiègne. * 1087 – William II is crowned King of England, and reigns until 1100. 1212 – The Golden Bull of Sicily is issued to confirm the hereditary royal title in Bohemia for the Přemyslid dynasty. 1345 – Friso-Hollandic Wars: Frisians defeat Holland in the Battle of Warns. 1371 – Serbian–Turkish wars: Ottoman Turks fought against a Serbian army at the Battle of Maritsa. 1423 – Hundred Years' War: A French army defeats the English at the Battle of La Brossinière. 1493 – Pope Alexander VI issues the papal bull ''Dudum siquidem'' to the Spanish, extending the grant of new lands he made them in ''Inter caetera''. 1580 – Francis Drake finishes his circumnavigation of the Earth in Plymouth, England. 1601–1900 1687 – Morean ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR:* [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
picture info	2010 In Portugal The following lists events that happened during 2010 in Portugal. Incumbents * President: Aníbal Cavaco Silva * Prime Minister: José Sócrates Events June 5 June – Same-sex marriage became legal. December Portuguese Natural Gas Association is founded. Arts and entertainment In music: Portugal in the Eurovision Song Contest 2010. Sports Football (soccer) competitions: Primeira Liga, Liga de Honra, Taça da Liga, Taça de Portugal. Deaths 9 January – Acúrsio Carrelo, footballer (born 1931). 18 June – José Saramago, novelist, poet, playwright, journalist and Nobel laureate, (born 1922) 25 July – Vasco de Almeida e Costa, naval officer and politician (born 1932) See also List of Portuguese films of 2010 A list of Portuguese films that were first released in 2010. See also * 2010 in Portugal References {{DEFAULTSORT:Portuguese Films Of 201o 2010 File:2010 Events Collage New.png, From top left, clockwise: The 2010 Chile ea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
picture info	Madredeus Madredeus () are a Portuguese musical ensemble formed in 1985, in Lisbon. Their music combines traditional Portuguese music, fado and folk music. Madredeus are one of the most successful music groups from Portugal, having sold over 3 million albums worldwide. History 1985–1993: Formation and first lineup Madredeus' first lineup consisted of Pedro Ayres Magalhães (classical guitar), Rodrigo Leão (keyboard synthesizer), Francisco Ribeiro (cello), Gabriel Gomes (accordion) and Teresa Salgueiro (vocals). Magalhães and Leão formed the band in 1985, Ribeiro and Gomes joined in 1986. In search of a female singer, they found Teresa Salgueiro in one of Lisbon's night clubs. Teresa agreed to join and, in 1987, Madredeus recorded their first album, ''Os Dias da MadreDeus, Os dias da MadreDeus''. The first album was recorded in their rehearsal space, a converted abbey in Lisbon. The recording was especially strenuous due to deafening interruptions every 5 minutes from Trams in Li ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]