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1938 Yellow River Flood
The 1938 Yellow River flood (, literally "Huayuankou embankment breach incident") was a flood created by the Nationalist Government in central China during the early stage of the Second Sino-Japanese War in an attempt to halt the rapid advance of Japanese forces. It has been called the "largest act of environmental warfare in history" and an example of scorched earth military strategy. Strategic decision and subsequent flood Following the onset of the Second Sino-Japanese War in 1937, the Imperial Japanese Army marched rapidly into the heart of Chinese territory. By June 1938, the Japanese had control of all of North China. On June 6, they captured Kaifeng, the capital of Henan, and threatened to take over Zhengzhou, the junction of the arterial Pinghan and Longhai Railways. Japanese success here would have directly endangered the major city of Wuhan. To stop further Japanese advances into western and southern China, Chiang Kai-shek, at the suggestion of Chen Guofu, deter ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kuomintang
The Kuomintang (KMT), also referred to as the Guomindang (GMD), the Nationalist Party of China (NPC) or the Chinese Nationalist Party (CNP), is a major political party in the Republic of China, initially on the Chinese mainland and in Taiwan after 1949. It was the sole party in China during the Republican Era from 1928 to 1949, when most of the Chinese mainland was under its control. The party retreated from the mainland to Taiwan on 7 December 1949, following its defeat in the Chinese Civil War. Chiang Kai-shek declared martial law and retained its authoritarian rule over Taiwan under the ''Dang Guo'' system until democratic reforms were enacted in the 1980s and full democratization in the 1990s. In Taiwanese politics, the KMT is the dominant party in the Pan-Blue Coalition and primarily competes with the rival Democratic Progressive Party (DPP). It is currently the largest opposition party in the Legislative Yuan. The current chairman is Eric Chu. The party originate ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chiang Kai-shek
Chiang Kai-shek (31 October 1887 – 5 April 1975), also known as Chiang Chung-cheng and Jiang Jieshi, was a Chinese Nationalist politician, revolutionary, and military leader who served as the leader of the Republic of China (ROC) from 1928 to his death in 1975 – until 1949 in mainland China and from then on in Taiwan. After his rule was confined to Taiwan following his defeat by Mao Zedong in the Chinese Civil War, he continued to head the ROC government until his death. Born in Chekiang (Zhejiang) Province, Chiang was a member of the Kuomintang (KMT), and a lieutenant of Sun Yat-sen in the revolution to overthrow the Beiyang government and reunify China. With help from the Soviets and the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), Chiang organized the military for Sun's Canton Nationalist Government and headed the Whampoa Military Academy. Commander-in-chief of the National Revolutionary Army (from which he came to be known as a Generalissimo), he led the Northern Expedition from ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Wuhan
The Battle of Wuhan (武漢之戰), popularly known to the Chinese as the Defense of Wuhan, and to the Japanese as the Capture of Wuhan, was a large-scale battle of the Second Sino-Japanese War. Engagements took place across vast areas of Anhui, Henan, Jiangxi, Zhejiang, and Hubei provinces over a period of four and a half months. It was the longest, the largest, and arguably the most significant battle in the early stages of the Second Sino-Japanese War. More than one million National Revolutionary Army troops from the Fifth and Ninth War Zone were put under the direct command of Chiang Kai-shek, defending Wuhan from the Central China Area Army of the Imperial Japanese Army led by Shunroku Hata. Chinese forces were also supported by the Soviet Volunteer Group, a group of volunteer pilots from Soviet Air Forces. Although the battle ended with the eventual capture of Wuhan by the Japanese forces, it resulted in heavy casualties on both sides, as high as 1.2 million combined ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Huai River
The Huai River (), Postal Map Romanization, formerly romanization of Chinese, romanized as the Hwai, is a major river in China. It is located about midway between the Yellow River and Yangtze, the two longest rivers and largest drainage basins in China, and like them runs from west to east. Historically draining directly into the Yellow Sea, floods have changed the course of the river such that it now primarily discharges into the Yangtze. The Huai is notoriously vulnerable to flooding. The Qinling–Huaihe Line, formed by the Huai River and the Qin Mountains, is sometimes regarded as the geographical dividing line between Northern and southern China. This line approximates the January Contour line#Temperature and related subjects, isotherm and the Contour line#Rainfall and air moisture, isohyet in China. The Huai River is long with a drainage area of . Course The Huai River originates in Tongbai Mountain in Henan province. It flows through southern Henan, northern Anhui ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zhoukou
Zhoukou (; Postal romanization, postal: Chowkow) is a prefecture-level city in eastern Henan province of China, province, China. It borders Zhumadian to the southwest, Xuchang and Luohe to the west, Kaifeng to the northwest, Shangqiu to the northeast, and the province of Anhui on all other sides. As of the 2020 census, its population was 9,026,015 inhabitants. However, as of the 2018 estimation, 1,601,300 lived in the built-up (''or metro'') made up of Chuanhui District , Chuanhui district and the northern part of Shangshui county. Administration The prefecture-level city of Zhoukou administers 2 district of China, districts, 1 county-level city and 7 County (People's Republic of China), counties. *Chuanhui District () *Huaiyang District () *Xiangcheng City () *Shenqiu County () *Dancheng County () *Luyi County () *Taikang County () *Fugou County () *Xihua County () *Shangshui County () Climate History For thousands of years, Chen (now at Huaiyang County, Huaiyang) had been ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shaying River
The Ying River () is the largest tributary of the Huai River with its origin in Henan Province, People's Republic of China. From Zhoukou City in Henan the river flows through Fuyang City in Anhui Province then empties into the Huai River at Zhengyang. Seriously polluted along its entire length, in 2007 the Ying River's water quality was rated as below Grade 5 by the Chinese Environmental Protection Agency. Tributaries The Sha River (沙河) is the largest tributary and from the confluence onward, the Ying River is often referred to as the Shaying River (沙颍河). See also *List of rivers in China This incomplete list of rivers that flow through China is organized according to the body of water into which each river empties, beginning with the Sea of Okhotsk in the northeast, moving clockwise on a map and ending with the Arctic Ocean. Se ... References Rivers of Henan Rivers of Anhui Tributaries of the Huai River {{China-river-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zhongmu County
Zhongmu County (; postal: Chungmow) is a county of Henan Province, South Central China, it is under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Zhengzhou, the capital of Henan. It has an area of and a population of 680,000. Located in the north-central part of the province, it is the easternmost county-level division of Zhengzhou. The Battle of Guandu took place in 200 CE in the northeast of Zhongmu County. Administrative divisions As 2012, this county is divided to 2 subdistricts, 15 towns and 1 township. ;Subdistricts * Qingnianlu Subdistrict () * Dongfenglu Subdistrict () ;Towns ;Townships * Diaojia Township () Climate Transportation *China National Highway 220 China National Highway 220 (G220) runs from Binzhou, Shandong to Zhengzhou, Henan. It is 585 kilometres in length and runs southwest from Binzhou towards Zhengzhou. Route and distance See also * China National Highways The China National H ... References External linksOfficial website of Zhong ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jialu River
Jialu River ( zh, s=贾鲁河) is a river in Henan, China. It originates in Xinmi, and flows northeast to Zhengzhou. From there, it flows southeast and passes through Weishi County, Weishi, Fugou County, Fugou and Xihua County, Xihua counties, eventually joining the Ying River, the largest tributary of the Huai River, at Zhoukou. Much of Jialu River's course is artificially created. Parts of the river overlap with the Hong Canal () of the Spring and Autumn period, Spring and Autumn and Warring States periods, which linked the Yellow River basin to the Huai River basin. During Sui dynasty, Sui, Tang dynasty, Tang and Song dynasty, Song dynasties, it formed part of the Grand Canal (China), Grand Canal, and was vital for transporting food to the empire's capitals. This stretch of the canal was abandoned in late Northern Song period due to excessive silting from the Yellow River. In late Yuan dynasty, the government conducted a series of major hydrological projects in the area in resp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Square Kilometers
Square kilometre ( International spelling as used by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures) or square kilometer (American spelling), symbol km2, is a multiple of the square metre, the SI unit of area or surface area. 1 km2 is equal to: * 1,000,000 square metres (m2) * 100 hectares (ha) It is also approximately equal to: * 0.3861 square miles * 247.1 acres Conversely: *1 m2 = 0.000001 (10−6) km2 *1 hectare = 0.01 (10−2) km2 *1 square mile = *1 acre = about The symbol "km2" means (km)2, square kilometre or kilometre squared and not k(m2), kilo–square metre. For example, 3 km2 is equal to = 3,000,000 m2, not 3,000 m2. Examples of areas of 1 square kilometre Topographical Map grids Topographical map grids are worked out in metres, with the grid lines being 1,000 metres apart. * 1:100,000 maps are divided into squares representing 1 km2, each square on the map being one square centimetre in area and representing 1 km2 on t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jiangsu
Jiangsu (; ; pinyin: Jiāngsū, Postal romanization, alternatively romanized as Kiangsu or Chiangsu) is an Eastern China, eastern coastal Provinces of the People's Republic of China, province of the China, People's Republic of China. It is one of the leading provinces in finance, education, technology, and tourism, with its capital in Nanjing. Jiangsu is the List of Chinese administrative divisions by area, third smallest, but the List of Chinese administrative divisions by population, fifth most populous and the List of Chinese administrative divisions by population density, most densely populated of the 23 provinces of the People's Republic of China. Jiangsu has the highest GDP per capita of Chinese provinces and second-highest GDP of Chinese provinces, after Guangdong. Jiangsu borders Shandong in the north, Anhui to the west, and Zhejiang and Shanghai to the south. Jiangsu has a coastline of over along the Yellow Sea, and the Yangtze River passes through the southern part ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anhui
Anhui , (; formerly romanized as Anhwei) is a landlocked province of the People's Republic of China, part of the East China region. Its provincial capital and largest city is Hefei. The province is located across the basins of the Yangtze River and the Huai River, bordering Jiangsu to the east, Zhejiang to the southeast, Jiangxi to the south, Hubei to the southwest, Henan to the northwest, and Shandong for a short section in the north. With a population of 63.65 million, Anhui is the 8th most populous province in China. It is the 22nd largest Chinese province based on area, and the 12th most densely-populated region of all 34 Chinese provincial regions. Anhui's population is mostly composed of Han Chinese. Languages spoken within the province include Jianghuai Mandarin, Wu, Hui, Gan and small portion of Zhongyuan Mandarin Chinese. The name "Anhui" derives from the names of two cities: Anqing and Huizhou (now Huangshan City). The abbreviation for Anhui is "" after the histori ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Huayuankou, Henan
Huayuankou () is a town in Huiji District, used to be a ferry of the Yellow River in Zhengzhou, Henan, China. It has an area of 39 square kilometers and a population of 15,000. Its name means "Flower garden mouth". , it has 8 villages under its administration. 1938 Yellow River flood In June 1938, during the Second Sino-Japanese War, the Nationalist troops under Chiang Kai-shek intentionally broke the levees of the Yellow River near Huayuankou to slow the advance of the Japanese army. Although several thousand Japanese troops were drowned, 12 million Chinese were affected, nearly 900,000 of them dying. Reason for breaching the dike As the Japanese had been reported to have taken the city of Kaifeng, many of the dikes near Zhengzhou were along the path the Japanese would take if they wanted to capture the city of Wuhan Wuhan (, ; ; ) is the capital of Hubei, Hubei Province in the China, People's Republic of China. It is the largest city in Hubei and the most populous c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
