|
1938 In China
Events in the year 1938 in China. Incumbents *President - Lin Sen * Premier - Kung Hsiang-hsi (Dr. H. H. Kung) * Vice Premier - Zhang Qun *Foreign Minister - Wang Ch'ung-hui Events January * 1 January - The KMT Central Standing Committee resolved at its 62nd meeting, Chiang Kai-shek resigned, the election of Kong Xiangxi as the executive president, leaving the post of vice president of the Executive Yuan, Zhang Qun successor. * 24 January- Han Fuju was sentenced to death and executed in Wuchang at 7 pm. *January - Nanking Massacre *January–June - Battle of Northern and Eastern Henan February * 18 February - The Imperial Japanese Army Air Service launched air strikes against Wuhan.( Battle of Wuhan ; zh, 武汉会战) March * 24 March – 1 May - Battle of Xuzhou * 24 March – 7 April - Battle of Taierzhuang April * 29 April - To celebrate Emperor Hirohito's birthday, The Imperial Japanese Army Air Service conducted a massive bombing of Wuhan. ( Battle of Wuhan ; z ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
China
China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's most populous country, with a population exceeding 1.4 billion, slightly ahead of India. China spans the equivalent of five time zones and borders fourteen countries by land, the most of any country in the world, tied with Russia. Covering an area of approximately , it is the world's third largest country by total land area. The country consists of 22 provinces, five autonomous regions, four municipalities, and two Special Administrative Regions (Hong Kong and Macau). The national capital is Beijing, and the most populous city and financial center is Shanghai. Modern Chinese trace their origins to a cradle of civilization in the fertile basin of the Yellow River in the North China Plain. The semi-legendary Xia dynasty in the 21st century BCE and the well-attested Shang and Zhou dynasties developed a bureaucratic political system to serve hereditary monarchies, or dyna ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Taierzhuang
The Battle of Taierzhuang () was a battle of the Second Sino-Japanese War in 1938, which was fought between the armies of the Republic of China and the Empire of Japan. The battle was that war's first major Chinese victory. It humiliated the Japanese military and its reputation as an invincible force; for the Chinese, it represented a tremendous morale boost. Tai'erzhuang is located on the eastern bank of the Grand Canal of China and was a frontier garrison northeast of Xuzhou. It was also the terminus of a local branch railway from Lincheng. Xuzhou itself was the junction of the Jinpu railway (Tianjin-Pukou), the Longhai railway (Lanzhou-Lianyungang), and the headquarters of the KMT's 5th War Zone. Background Political and strategic situation By 1938, the Chinese military had suffered tremendous losses following the fall of Shanghai and Nanjing. In particular, its air force and navy had both been virtually wiped out. Nonetheless, China's resolve in resisting the Japanese ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Huang Ju
Huang Ju (28 September 1938 – 2 June 2007) was a Chinese politician and a high-ranking leader in the Chinese Communist Party. He was a member of the Politburo Standing Committee, China's top decision making body, between 2002 until his death in 2007, and also served as the first-ranked Vice Premier of the People's Republic of China beginning in 2003. He died in office before he could complete his terms on the Standing Committee and as Vice-Premier. An electrical engineer by trade, Huang was a close confidante of party leader Jiang Zemin, to whom he owed his rise to power. He served as Mayor of Shanghai between 1991 and 1994, then Communist Party Secretary of the metropolis between 1994 and 2002. Huang's career in Shanghai and his family's alleged involvement in several corruption cases in the city generated controversy. After 2002, Huang emerged as one of the least popular and most partisan members of China's top leadership, and was named by observers as a "core member" of th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shu Huiguo
Shu Huiguo () (born July 1938) was a People's Republic of China politician. He was born in Jing'an County, Jiangxi. He was Chinese Communist Party Committee Secretary and People's Congress Chairman of his home province. He was a graduate of Jiangxi Agricultural University Jiangxi Agricultural University (JXAU; ) is located in the northern suburbs of Nanchang city. Nanchang is the capital city of Jiangxi Jiangxi (; ; formerly romanized as Kiangsi or Chianghsi) is a landlocked province in the east of the Peo .... Footnotes 1938 births People's Republic of China politicians from Jiangxi Chinese Communist Party politicians from Jiangxi People from Jing'an County Jiangxi Agricultural University alumni Living people Politicians from Yichun, Jiangxi {{China-bio-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
He Jingtang
He Jingtang (; born 1938 Dongguan) is a Chinese architect and the head of the architecture program at the South China University of Technology's school of architecture whose works include the wrestling and badminton venues built for the 2008 Beijing Olympics and the Chinese Pavilion sometimes referred to as the "Crown of China" for Expo 2010 which was held in Shanghai and later reopened as the China Art Museum. More recently designed the new campus of the University of Macau which was completed in 2013. In 2016 the Dachang Muslim Cultural Center designed by He opened outside Beijing. It features a colonnade of petal-shaped arches that in turn give birth to an illuminated walkway around the outline of cultural centre He participated in the 2016 Venice Biennale of Architecture Venice Biennale of Architecture (in Italian Mostra di Architettura di Venezia) is an international exhibition of architecture from nations around the world, held in Venice, Italy, every other year. I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fu Zhihuan
Fu Zhihuan (; born March 1938) is a politician of the People's Republic of China, and an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering. He served as the Minister of Railways A Ministry of Railways is a Cabinet department that exists or has existed in many Commonwealth states as well as others. It generally occurs in countries where railroad transportation is a particularly important part of the national infrastructur ... of China from March 1998 to 2003. Fu was a member of 15th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party. References 1938 births Living people Members of the Chinese Academy of Engineering People's Republic of China politicians from Heilongjiang Chinese Communist Party politicians from Heilongjiang Politicians from Harbin Engineers from Heilongjiang Railway civil engineers {{china-engineer-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Canton Operation
The Canton Operation (; pinyin: Guǎngzhōu Zhànyì) was part of a campaign by Japan during the Second Sino-Japanese War to blockade China to prevent it from communicating with the outside world and importing needed arms and materials. Control of Guangzhou (Canton) and the Pearl River Delta would provide a base to make the blockade of Guangdong province more effective by seizing southern China's major port and isolate the British port of British Hong Kong. Background By the end of 1937, south China was crucial to the Republic of China as a means of maintaining contact with the outside world. Guangzhou and Hong Kong served as vital centers of transportation and international aid to Chiang Kai-Shek. Approximately 80 percent of supplies from abroad to the Chinese forces in the interior passed through Guangzhou. Imperial General Headquarters believed that a blockade of Guangdong province would deprive China of essential war material and the ability to prolong the war. In ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Wanjialing
The Battle of Wanjialing, known in Chinese text as the Victory of Wanjialing (), refers to the Chinese Army's successful engagement during the Wuhan theatre of the Second Sino-Japanese War against the Japanese 101st, 106th, 9th and 27th divisions around the Wanjialing region in 1938. The two and a half month battle resulted in heavy losses of the Japanese 101st and 106th Divisions. Combatants Chinese The Chinese forces consisted of the 4th Army, the elite 74th Army, 66th Army, 187th Division, 91st Division, New 13th Division, 142nd Division, 60th Division, Reserved 6th Division, 19th Division, a brigade from the 139th Division and the New 15th Division, which totals up to 100,000 men. The chief commander in the frontline was the commander of the 9th Group Army Wu Qiwei. They were under the overall command of the supreme commander of the 9th Military Region Xue Yue. Japanese The Japanese forces consisted of the 106th Division, led by Lieutenant-General Junrokurō Matsuura. U ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Israel Epstein
Israel Epstein (20 April 1915 – 26 May 2005) was a Polish-born Chinese journalist and author. He was one of the few foreign-born Chinese citizens of non-Chinese origin to become a member of the Chinese Communist Party. Early life and education Israel Epstein was born on 20 April 1915 in Warsaw to Jewish parents; at the time, Warsaw was under Imperial Russian control (now the capital of Poland). His father had been imprisoned by the authorities of czarist Russia for leading a labor uprising and his mother had been exiled to Siberia. Epstein's father was sent by his company to Japan after the outbreak of the World War I; when the German Army approached Warsaw, his mother and Epstein fled and joined him in Asia. With his family experiencing anti-Jewish sentiment in several places, in 1917, Epstein came to China with his parents at the age of two and they settled in Tianjin (formerly ''Tientsin'') in 1920. Epstein was raised there. Career Israel Epstein began to work in journalism ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anqing
Anqing (, also Nganking, formerly Hwaining, now the name of Huaining County) is a prefecture-level city in the southwest of Anhui province, People's Republic of China. Its population was 4,165,284 as of the 2020 census, with 804,493 living in the built-up (''or metro'') area made of 3 urban Districts. Anqing is famous as the birthplace of Chen Duxiu, one of the founding fathers of the Chinese Communist Party and served as the first General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party from 1921 to 1928. History Anqing was held by the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom for almost nine years, from June 1853 to December 1861. It served as the capital of the Taiping's Anhui province during this period. The final Battle of Anqing and Qing attempt to retake the city began in 1860, and the Xiang Army and other Qing forces were able to retake the city by December 1861. Culture The people of Anqing have a unique dialect that belongs to the Gan Chinese branch and is therefore quite different from the res ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kaifeng
Kaifeng () is a prefecture-level city in east-central Henan province, China. It is one of the Eight Ancient Capitals of China, having been the capital eight times in history, and is best known for having been the Chinese capital during the Northern Song dynasty. As of 31 December 2018, around 4,465,000 people lived in Kaifeng's Prefecture, of whom 1,652,000 lived in the built-up (or metro) area made of Xiangfu, Longting, Shunhe Hui, Gulou and Yuwantai Districts. Located along the Yellow River's southern bank, it borders the provincial capital of Zhengzhou to the west, Xinxiang to the northwest, Shangqiu to the east, Zhoukou to the southeast, Xuchang to the southwest, and Heze of Shandong to the northeast. Kaifeng is also a major city in the world by scientific research outputs as tracked by the Nature Index. The city is home to a campus of Henan University, one of the national key universities in the Double First Class University Plan. Names The postal romanization for the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
_2.jpg "Click for more on -> He Jingtang")
