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1770s In Archaeology
The decade of the 1770s in archaeology involved some significant events. Explorations * 1773: Don Ramon de Ordoñez y Aguilar examines the ruins of Palenque and sends a report to the Captain General at Antigua Guatemala. * 1777: The ruins of Xochicalco described by explorer Antonio Alzate. Excavations * 1776: October - Vertical shaft sunk at Silbury Hill. * Formal excavations continue at Pompeii. Finds * 1774: Discovery of reputed Roman Baths, Strand Lane, London. Publications * 1774: Don Bernardo Miera y Pacheco identifies the Chaco Canyon area as "Chaca" on a map. The term, a Spanish translation of a Navajo word, is thought to be the origin for "Chacra Mesa" and "Chaco". * 1775: ''Memoire sur Venus'', by Pierre Henri Larcher. Other events * 1772: The British Museum acquires its first antiquities of note, Sir William Hamilton's collection of ancient Greek vases. * 1774: May 2 - The Society of Antiquaries of London open the coffin of King Edward I. * 1777: Nat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1760s In Archaeology
The decade of the 1760s in archaeology involved some significant events. Explorations * 1764: First systematic mapping of the Antonine Wall by William Roy. Excavations * Formal excavations continue at Pompeii. * 1757: Rev. Bryan Faussett begins excavations at Anglo-Saxon cemeteries in Kent, England. Finds * 1761-1767: Carsten Niebuhr transcribes the cuneiform inscriptions at Persepolis. * 1765: Nathaniel Davison discovers a stress-relieving chamber (Davison's chamber) above the Kings chamber in the Great Pyramid of Giza. Publications * 1762: James "Athenian" Stuart and Nicholas Revett's ''Antiquities of Athens''. * 1764: ** Robert Adam's ''Ruins of the Palace of the Emperor Diocletian at Spalatro in Dalmatia''. ** Johann Joachim Winckelmann's ''Geschichte der Kunst des Alterthums'' ("History of Ancient Art"). Other events *1764: French scholar Jean-Jacques Barthélemy deciphers the Phoenician language using the inscriptions on the Cippi of Melqart from Malta. Bi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Edward I Of England
Edward I (17/18 June 1239 – 7 July 1307), also known as Edward Longshanks and the Hammer of the Scots, was King of England and Lord of Ireland from 1272 to 1307. Concurrently, he ruled the duchies of Aquitaine and Gascony as a vassal of the French king. Before his accession to the throne, he was commonly referred to as the Lord Edward. The eldest son of Henry III, Edward was involved from an early age in the political intrigues of his father's reign, which included a rebellion by the English barons. In 1259, he briefly sided with a baronial reform movement, supporting the Provisions of Oxford. After reconciliation with his father, however, he remained loyal throughout the subsequent armed conflict, known as the Second Barons' War. After the Battle of Lewes, Edward was held hostage by the rebellious barons, but escaped after a few months and defeated the baronial leader Simon de Montfort at the Battle of Evesham in 1265. Within two years the rebellion was extin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bernardino Drovetti
Bernardino Michele Maria Drovetti (January 7, 1776 – March 5, 1852) was an Italian antiquities collector, diplomat, and politician. He is best remembered for having acquired the Turin Royal Canon and for his questionable behavior in collecting ancient Egyptian antiquities., p. 90 Biography Born in Barbania, a ''comune'' near Turin in the kingdom of Piedmont-Sardinia, Drovetti later obtained the French nationality and joined the '' Grande Armée''. As an official, during the French campaign in Egypt (1798–99) he distinguished himself by saving the life of Joachim Murat, and later he became the French Consul-General of Egypt during both the Empire (until 1814) and the Bourbon Restoration, between 1820 and 1829. He also earned Wāli Muhammad Ali's trust and had a role in some of the latter's administrative reforms. In 1820 he was awarded the title of '' Chevalier dans l'Ordre de la Legion d'Honneur''. During his stay in Egypt, Drovetti became a passionate and avid ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1817 In Archaeology
The year 1817 in archaeology involved some significant events. Events *The Elgin Marbles go on display in the British Museum in London. * Stamford Raffles publishes ''The History of Java''. Explorations * Giovanni Battista Belzoni travels extensively through Egypt, visiting Abu Simbel, Karnak and the Valley of the Kings, creating several excavation sites. * Major Stephen H. Long commands an expedition exploring the southern part of Arkansas, as well as the Louisiana border of the Red River; he also explores the Wisconsin River to its headwaters and the Mississippi River to the Falls of Saint Anthony. Excavations * October - The KV16 burial site of Ramesses I in the East Valley of the Kings is discovered and excavated by Giovanni Battista Belzoni. * Near Cairo, the Great Sphinx of Giza is excavated to chest level by Giovanni Battista Caviglia. * Giovanni Battista Belzoni clears the Great Temple of Abu Simbel of sand. * The tophet in Carthage is first excavated; since then, h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carl Haller Von Hallerstein
Johann Carl Christoph Wilhelm Joachim Haller von Hallerstein (10 June 1774, Burg Hilpoltstein, Hiltpoltstein, Principality of Bayreuth – 5 November 1817, Ampelakia, Thessaly, Ottoman Greece) was a German architect, archaeologist and art historian. Biography He was born into a famous Nuremberg noble patrician family, as son of Freiherr (Baron) Karl Joachim Haller von Hallerstein and Sophie Amalie von Imhof. Hallerstein studied architecture at the Carlsakademie in Stuttgart and then at the Berliner Bauakademie under David Gilly.Haller von Hallerstein, Carl Freiherr , Dictionary of Art Historians, retrieved June 2010 He was then engaged in 1806 as a royal building inspector in |
1829 In Archaeology
1829 in archaeology Explorations * 'Charles Masson' (James Lewis) explores the Indus Valley civilisation and locates the site of Harappa. Excavations * First excavations at Olympia, Greece by an expedition led by Abel Blouet * Yorkshire Philosophical Society concludes excavation of St Mary's Abbey, York, England, prior to construction of the Yorkshire Museum on part of the site. Finds * Engis 2, part of the skull of a young child and other bones, recognised in 1936 as the first known Neanderthal fossil, is found in the Awirs cave near Engis in the United Kingdom of the Netherlands (modern-day Belgium) by Philippe-Charles Schmerling. Publications Births Deaths * 10 May - Thomas Young, English Egyptologist (b. 1773 Events January–March * January 1 – The hymn that becomes known as ''Amazing Grace'', at this time titled "1 Chronicles 17:16–17", is first used to accompany a sermon led by curate John Newton in the town of Olney, Bucking ...) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Egyptologist
Egyptology (from ''Egypt'' and Greek , '' -logia''; ar, علم المصريات) is the study of ancient Egyptian history, language, literature, religion, architecture and art from the 5th millennium BC until the end of its native religious practices in the 4th century AD. A practitioner of the discipline is an "Egyptologist". In Europe, particularly on the Continent, Egyptology is primarily regarded as being a philological discipline, while in North America it is often regarded as a branch of archaeology. History First explorers The earliest explorers of ancient Egypt were the ancient Egyptians themselves. Inspired by a dream he had, Thutmose IV led an excavation of the Great Sphinx of Giza and inscribed a description of the dream on the Dream Stele. Less than two centuries later, Prince Khaemweset, fourth son of Ramesses II, would gain fame for identifying and restoring historic buildings, tombs and temples, including pyramids; and has subsequently been described as the f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
English People
The English people are an ethnic group and nation native to England, who speak the English language in England, English language, a West Germanic languages, West Germanic language, and share a common history and culture. The English identity is of History of Anglo-Saxon England, Anglo-Saxon origin, when they were known in Old English as the ('race or tribe of the Angles'). Their ethnonym is derived from the Angles, one of the Germanic peoples who migrated to Great Britain around the 5th century AD. The English largely descend from two main historical population groups the West Germanic tribes (the Angles, Saxons, Jutes and Frisians) who settled in southern Britain following the withdrawal of the Ancient Rome, Romans, and the Romano-British culture, partially Romanised Celtic Britons already living there.Martiniano, R., Caffell, A., Holst, M. et al. Genomic signals of migration and continuity in Britain before the Anglo-Saxons. Nat Commun 7, 10326 (2016). https://doi.org/10 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thomas Young (scientist)
Thomas Young FRS (13 June 177310 May 1829) was a British polymath who made notable contributions to the fields of vision, light, solid mechanics, energy, physiology, language, musical harmony, and Egyptology. He was instrumental in the decipherment of Egyptian hieroglyphs, specifically the Rosetta Stone. Young has been described as "The Last Man Who Knew Everything". His work influenced that of William Herschel, Hermann von Helmholtz, James Clerk Maxwell, and Albert Einstein. Young is credited with establishing the wave theory of light, in contrast to the particle theory of Isaac Newton. Young's work was subsequently supported by the work of Augustin-Jean Fresnel. Personal life Young belonged to a Quaker family of Milverton, Somerset, where he was born in 1773, the eldest of ten children. At the age of fourteen Young had learned Greek and Latin. Young began to study medicine in London at St Bartholomew's Hospital in 1792, moved to the University of Edinburgh Medical School i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1858 In Archaeology
Below are notable events in archaeology that occurred in 1838. Explorations * February 2 - Systematic exploration of the prehistoric Swiss lake pile village of Wetzikon-Robenhausen by Jakob Messikommer begins. * Désiré Charnay makes the first photographs of the Maya ruins of Palenque Excavations Finds * Stone tools in a cave at Brixham in England. * Hoard of Neolithic flint tools and weapons at York in England. * Ancient Greek sculpture of the Lion of Knidos found by Richard Popplewell Pullan near modern-day Datça, Turkey. * Stele of Ankh-ef-en-Khonsu at Dayr al-Bahri by François Auguste Ferdinand Mariette. * Boston Green Head at the Serapeum of Saqqara (presumed year). * December 31 - Roman coin hoard at Weston Underwood found in Buckinghamshire, England. Events *George Rowell uses photography to document the reconstruction of the Saxon 'Brighthampton Urn' in the Ashmolean Museum, Oxford (England), the first known such use in archaeological conservation.Exhibit label, As ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Philologist
Philology () is the study of language in oral and written historical sources; it is the intersection of textual criticism, literary criticism, history, and linguistics (with especially strong ties to etymology). Philology is also defined as the study of literary texts as well as oral and written records, the establishment of their authenticity and their original form, and the determination of their meaning. A person who pursues this kind of study is known as a philologist. In older usage, especially British, philology is more general, covering comparative and historical linguistics. Classical philology studies classical languages. Classical philology principally originated from the Library of Pergamum and the Library of Alexandria around the fourth century BC, continued by Greeks and Romans throughout the Roman/Byzantine Empire. It was eventually resumed by European scholars of the Renaissance, where it was soon joined by philologies of other European ( Germanic, Celtic), Eura ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Greek Language
Greek ( el, label=Modern Greek, Ελληνικά, Elliniká, ; grc, Ἑλληνική, Hellēnikḗ) is an independent branch of the Indo-European family of languages, native to Greece, Cyprus, southern Italy (Calabria and Salento), southern Albania, and other regions of the Balkans, the Black Sea coast, Asia Minor, and the Eastern Mediterranean. It has the longest documented history of any Indo-European language, spanning at least 3,400 years of written records. Its writing system is the Greek alphabet, which has been used for approximately 2,800 years; previously, Greek was recorded in writing systems such as Linear B and the Cypriot syllabary. The alphabet arose from the Phoenician script and was in turn the basis of the Latin, Cyrillic, Armenian, Coptic, Gothic, and many other writing systems. The Greek language holds a very important place in the history of the Western world. Beginning with the epics of Homer, ancient Greek literature includes many works of lasting impo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
