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1760s In Archaeology
The decade of the 1760s in archaeology involved some significant events. Explorations * 1764: First systematic mapping of the Antonine Wall by William Roy. Excavations * Formal excavations continue at Pompeii. * 1757: Rev. Bryan Faussett begins excavations at Anglo-Saxon cemeteries in Kent, England. Finds * 1761-1767: Carsten Niebuhr transcribes the cuneiform inscriptions at Persepolis. * 1765: Nathaniel Davison discovers a stress-relieving chamber (Davison's chamber) above the Kings chamber in the Great Pyramid of Giza. Publications * 1762: James "Athenian" Stuart and Nicholas Revett's ''Antiquities of Athens''. * 1764: ** Robert Adam's ''Ruins of the Palace of the Emperor Diocletian at Spalatro in Dalmatia''. ** Johann Joachim Winckelmann's ''Geschichte der Kunst des Alterthums'' ("History of Ancient Art"). Other events *1764: French scholar Jean-Jacques Barthélemy deciphers the Phoenician language using the inscriptions on the Cippi of Melqart from Malta. Bi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1750s In Archaeology
The decade of the 1750s in archaeology involved some significant events. Explorations * 1757: Robert Adam surveys the ruins of Diocletian's Palace at Spalato in Dalmatia. Excavations * 1750s: Formal excavations continue at Pompeii and at Herculaneum including discovery of the Villa of the Papyri and Herculaneum papyri. * 1753: Botanist Vitaliano Donati is commissioned by King Charles Emmanuel III of Sardinia to travel to Egypt and acquire items from its past. He returns with 300 pieces recovered from Karnak and Qift which become the nucleus of the Museo Egizio in Turin. * 1755: At Bath, England, when the Priory or Abbey house is demolished and the foundations are cleared, stone coffins, bones of various animals, and other things are found.Davis, Charles E. 2004-10-02. ''The Excavations of Roman Baths at Bath'' (E-text). Project Gutenberg, eBook #13582. WebpageG5828 Upon digging further, hot mineral waters gush forth and interrupt the work: the old Roman sewer had bee ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jean-Jacques Barthélemy
Jean-Jacques Barthélemy (20 January 1716 – 30 April 1795) was a French scholar who became the first person to decipher an extinct language. He deciphered the Palmyrene alphabet in 1754 and the Phoenician alphabet in 1758. Early years Barthélemy was born at Cassis, in Provence, and began his classical studies at the College of Oratory in Marseilles. He took up philosophy and theology at the Jesuits' college, and finally attended the seminary of the Lazarists. While studying for the priesthood, which he intended to join, he devoted much attention to oriental languages, and was introduced by a friend to the study of classical antiquities, and particularly to the field of numismatics. Career In 1744, he went to Paris with a letter of introduction to Claude Gros de Boze, Perpetual Secretary of the Académie des inscriptions et belles-lettres and Keeper of the Royal Collection of Medals. He became assistant to de Boze and in 1753 succeeded him in this post, remaining in this pos ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1808 In Archaeology
The year 1808 CE in archaeology included many events, some of which are listed below. Events * January 12 – John Rennie's scheme to defend St Mary's Church, Reculver, in the south east of England, founded in 669, from coastal erosion is abandoned in favour of demolition, despite the church being an exemplar of Anglo-Saxon architecture and sculpture. Excavations Finds Publications * ''Nummi aegyptii imperatorii'', by Jörgen Zoega. Births Deaths * December 4 – Karl Ludwig Fernow, German art critic and archaeologist (b. 1763 Events January–March * January 27 – The seat of colonial administration in the Viceroyalty of Brazil is moved from Salvador to Rio de Janeiro. * February 1 – The Royal Colony of North Carolina officially creates Meck ...) References {{reflist Archaeology Archaeology by year Archaeology Archaeology ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Karl Ludwig Fernow
Karl Ludwig Fernow (19 November 1763 – 4 December 1808) was a German art critic and archaeologist. Early life Fernow was born in Pomerania, the son of a servant in the household of the lord of Blumenhagen. At the age of twelve he became clerk to a notary, and was afterwards apprenticed to a druggist. While serving his time he had the misfortune accidentally to shoot a young man who came to visit him; and although through the intercession of his master he escaped prosecution, the untoward event weighed heavily on his mind, and led him at the close of his apprenticeship to quit his native place. Art career He obtained a situation at Lübeck, where he had leisure to cultivate his natural taste for drawing and poetry. Having formed an acquaintance with the painter Asmus Jacob Carstens, whose influence was an important stimulus and help to him, he renounced his trade of druggist, and set up as a portrait-painter and drawing-master. At Ludwigslust he fell in love with a young gi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1835 In Archaeology
The year 1835 in archaeology involved some significant events. Explorations * Henry Rawlinson begins study and decipherment from the cuneiform of the Behistun Inscription. * Howard Vyse first visits Egypt. Excavations Finds * Mars of Todi in Todi, Italy. * Nike Fixing her Sandal in Athens, Greece Publications * Juan Galindo's description of the Maya site of Copán. * John Gardner Wilkinson - ''Topography of Thebes, and general view of Egypt''. Births * 25 March - Worthington George Smith, English illustrator, palaeolithic archaeologist and mycologist (died 1917). * 22 June - Adolf Michaelis, German classical scholar (d. 1910). * 21 July - Robert Munro, Scottish archaeologist (d. 1920). Deaths * 26 July - Caspar Reuvens, founder of the Dutch National Museum of Antiquities and the world's first professor of archaeology, dies at Rotterdam (b. 1793 The French Republic introduced the French Revolutionary Calendar starting with the year I. Events ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Archaeologist
Archaeology or archeology is the scientific study of human activity through the recovery and analysis of material culture. The archaeological record consists of artifacts, architecture, biofacts or ecofacts, sites, and cultural landscapes. Archaeology can be considered both a social science and a branch of the humanities. It is usually considered an independent academic discipline, but may also be classified as part of anthropology (in North America – the four-field approach), history or geography. Archaeologists study human prehistory and history, from the development of the first stone tools at Lomekwi in East Africa 3.3 million years ago up until recent decades. Archaeology is distinct from palaeontology, which is the study of fossil remains. Archaeology is particularly important for learning about prehistoric societies, for which, by definition, there are no written records. Prehistory includes over 99% of the human past, from the Paleolithic until the adve ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Germans
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Karl Böttiger
Karl August Böttiger (8 June 1760 – 17 November 1835) was a German archaeologist and classicist, and a prominent member of the literary and artistic circles in Weimar and Jena. Biography Böttiger was born in Reichenbach, in the kingdom of Saxony, and educated at Schulpforta and Leipzig. Under the influence of Johann Gottfried Herder, he was for 13 years headmaster at the gymnasium and consistorial councillor in Weimar, from 1790 to 1804. For the remaining 31 years of his life, he resided at Dresden as director of the Museum of Antiquities, and was active as a journalist and public lecturer. As a schoolmaster, he had published a considerable number of pedagogic and philological programs. In 1810, Böttiger with Swiss painter Heinrich Meyer released a monograph on the painting in the Vatican known as the "Aldobrandini marriage". His archaeological works, mainly produced at Dresden, fall into three groups: The first of these is private antiquities, best represented by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1838 In Archaeology
Below are notable events in archaeology that occurred in 1838. Explorations * August 31 - Scottish-born scene painter David Roberts sets sail for Egypt (with the encouragement of J. M. W. Turner) to produce a series of drawings of the region for use as the basis for paintings and chromolithographs, later published in '' The Holy Land, Syria, Idumea, Arabia, Egypt, and Nubia'' * John Shae Perring, a British engineer working under Colonel Howard Vyse, clears the entrances to the pyramids of Sahure, Neferirkare and Nyuserre in Egypt. * French orientalist painters Antoine-Alphonse Montfort and visit and paint the Roman temple of Bziza. Finds * The 5th century BC bronze Chatsworth Head (found on Cyprus in 1836) is acquired by the 6th Duke of Devonshire at Smyrna from H. P. Borrell. * Etruscan statuettes found in Lake of the Idols. * Victoria Cave near Settle, North Yorkshire in England, containing Paleolithic remains, is discovered. * Winter 1837/38 - The Neolithic settl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Antiquarian
An antiquarian or antiquary () is an fan (person), aficionado or student of antiquities or things of the past. More specifically, the term is used for those who study history with particular attention to ancient artifact (archaeology), artifacts, History of archaeology, archaeological and historic Archaeological site, sites, or historic archives and manuscripts. The essence of antiquarianism is a focus on the empirical evidence of the past, and is perhaps best encapsulated in the motto adopted by the 18th-century antiquary Sir Richard Hoare, 2nd Baronet, Sir Richard Colt Hoare, "We speak from facts, not theory." The ''Oxford English Dictionary'' first cites "archaeologist" from 1824; this soon took over as the usual term for one major branch of antiquarian activity. "Archaeology", from 1607 onwards, initially meant what is now seen as "ancient history" generally, with the narrower modern sense first seen in 1837. Today the term "antiquarian" is often used in a pejorative sense ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cornish People
The Cornish people or Cornish ( kw, Kernowyon, ang, Cornƿīelisċ) are an ethnic group native to, or associated with Cornwall: and a recognised national minority in the United Kingdom, which can trace its roots to the ancient Britons who inhabited southern and central Great Britain before the Roman conquest. Many in Cornwall today continue to assert a distinct identity separate from or in addition to English or British identities. Cornish identity has been adopted by migrants into Cornwall, as well as by emigrant and descendant communities from Cornwall, the latter sometimes referred to as the Cornish diaspora. Although not included as an tick-box option in the UK census, the numbers of those writing in a Cornish ethnic and national identity are officially recognised and recorded. Throughout classical antiquity, the ancient Britons formed a series of tribes, cultures and identities in Great Britain; the Dumnonii and Cornovii were the Celtic tribes who inhabited what w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Richard Polwhele
Richard Polwhele (6 January 1760 – 12 March 1838) was a Cornish people, Cornish clergyman, poetry, poet and historian of Cornwall and Devon. Biography Richard Polwhele's ancestors long held the manor of Treworgan, 4 3/4 miles south-east of Truro in Cornwall, which family bore as arms: ''Sable, a saltire engrailed ermine''. He was born at Truro, Cornwall, and met literary luminaries Catharine Macaulay and Hannah More at an early age. He was educated at Truro Grammar School, where he precociously published ''The Fate of Llewellyn''. He went on to Christ Church, Oxford, continuing to write poetry, but left without taking a degree. In 1782 he was ordained a curate, married Loveday Warren, and moved to a curacy at Kenton, Devon. On his wife's death in 1793, Polwhele was left with three children. Later that year he married Mary Tyrrell, briefly taking up a curacy at Exmouth, Devon, Exmouth before being appointed to the small living of Manaccan in Cornwall in 1794. From 1806, when ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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