|
1558 In Science
The year 1558 in science and technology included a number of events, some of which are listed here. Economics * November – Thomas Gresham states Gresham's law. Exploration * English explorer Anthony Jenkinson travels from Moscow to Astrakhan and Bokhara. He is the first Englishman to note that the Amu Darya changed course to start flowing into the Aral Sea. Music * Venetian composer Gioseffo Zarlino accurately describes meantone temperament in . Publications * Giambattista della Porta publishes the popular science book ''Magia Naturalis'' in Naples. * First publication of Petrus Peregrinus de Maricourt's 13th century ''Epistola de magnete'', edited by Achilles Gasser and printed in Augsburg. Awards * September 4 – John Feild receives a confirmation of arms in England and the grant of a crest allusive to his attainments in astronomy. Births * Robert Alaine, English astronomer (died 1603) * André du Laurens, French physician and gerontologist (died 1609) * Olivier van ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Magia Naturalis
' (in English, ''Natural Magic'') is a work of popular science by Giambattista della Porta first published in Naples in 1558. Its popularity ensured it was republished in five Latin editions within ten years, with translations into Italian (1560), French, (1565) Dutch (1566) and English (1658) printed. ''Natural Magic'' was revised and considerably expanded throughout the author's lifetime; its twenty books (Naples 1589) include observations upon geology, optics, medicines, poisons, cooking, metallurgy, magnetism, cosmetics, perfumes, gunpowder, and invisible writing. ''Natural Magic'' is an example of pre- Baconian science. Its sources include the ancient learning of Pliny the Elder and Theophrastus as well as numerous scientific observations made by Della Porta. Author Giambattista della Porta (also known as John Baptist Porta) was born in Vico Equense, Italy, between October 3rd and November 15th, 1535 and was the second of three sons. The Porta family belonged to the an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
André Du Laurens
André du Laurens (December 9, 1558 – August 6, 1609), was a French physician. Biography Du Laurens was born in Tarascon and was rector of the medical school at Montpellier. He was physician to King Henry IV. His 1594 book comprising four "discourses"—first written in French, not Latin—was an early attempt at scientific communication. It was translated into English by Richard Surphlet in 1599. His ''Historia anatomica'' underwent many editions. One of his brothers, Honoré du Laurens (1564-1612), was archbishop of Embrun. Bibliography Selection * ''Admonitio ad Simonem Petræum'' (1593) * ''Discours de la conservation de la veuë: des maladies melancoliques: des catarrhes, & de la vieillesse'' (1594) *1598an1600editions on Gallica; Radu Suciu's edition with an extensive critical apparatus (2012) *''A discourse of the preservation of the sight of melancholike diseases of rheumes and of old age'' by Andre DuLaurens, translated by Richard Surphlet (1599)€”The e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1603 In Science
The year 1603 in science and technology involved some significant events. Astronomy * Johann Bayer publishes the star atlas ''Uranometria'', the first to cover the entire celestial sphere, and introducing a new system of star designation which becomes known as the Bayer designation. * Dutch explorer Frederick de Houtman publishes his observations of the southern hemisphere constellations. Exploration * Acadia, the French colony in North America, is founded. Mathematics * Pietro Cataldi finds the sixth and seventh perfect numbers. Medicine * Girolamo Fabrici studies leg veins and notices that they have valves which only allow blood to flow toward the heart. Institutions * August 17 – Accademia dei Lincei, the oldest scientific academy in the world, is founded in Rome by Federico Cesi. Births * September 15 – John Jonston, Polish naturalist and physician (died 1675) * Blaise Francois Pagan, French military engineer (died 1665) * Abel Tasman, Dutch explorer (died 1659) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Astronomer
An astronomer is a scientist in the field of astronomy who focuses their studies on a specific question or field outside the scope of Earth. They observe astronomical objects such as stars, planets, natural satellite, moons, comets and galaxy, galaxies – in either observational astronomy, observational (by analyzing the data) or theoretical astronomy. Examples of topics or fields astronomers study include planetary science, Sun, solar astronomy, the Star formation, origin or stellar evolution, evolution of stars, or the galaxy formation and evolution, formation of galaxies. A related but distinct subject is physical cosmology, which studies the Universe as a whole. Types Astronomers usually fall under either of two main types: observational astronomy, observational and theoretical astronomy, theoretical. Observational astronomers make direct observations of Astronomical object, celestial objects and analyze the data. In contrast, theoretical astronomers create and investigate C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Robert Alaine
Robert Alaine (fl. ca. 1576) held an office under a nobleman in the time of Queen Elizabeth, and is now only known for an elaborate treatise, ''Alaine's Astronomy'', on astronomical instruments, which is preserved in the library of Trinity College, Cambridge Trinity College is a constituent college of the University of Cambridge. Founded in 1546 by Henry VIII, King Henry VIII, Trinity is one of the largest Cambridge colleges, with the largest financial endowment of any college at either Cambridge .... It was given to the library by Sir Edward Stanhope. References British science writers 16th-century English astronomers 16th-century English writers 16th-century male writers 17th-century English writers 17th-century English male writers {{UK-nonfiction-writer-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Astronomy
Astronomy () is a natural science that studies astronomical object, celestial objects and phenomena. It uses mathematics, physics, and chemistry in order to explain their origin and chronology of the Universe, evolution. Objects of interest include planets, natural satellite, moons, stars, nebulae, galaxy, galaxies, and comets. Relevant phenomena include supernova explosions, gamma ray bursts, quasars, blazars, pulsars, and cosmic microwave background radiation. More generally, astronomy studies everything that originates beyond atmosphere of Earth, Earth's atmosphere. Cosmology is a branch of astronomy that studies the universe as a whole. Astronomy is one of the oldest natural sciences. The early civilizations in recorded history made methodical observations of the night sky. These include the Babylonian astronomy, Babylonians, Greek astronomy, Greeks, Indian astronomy, Indians, Egyptian astronomy, Egyptians, Chinese astronomy, Chinese, Maya civilization, Maya, and many anc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Crest (heraldry)
A crest is a component of a heraldic display, consisting of the device borne on top of the helm. Originating in the decorative sculptures worn by knights in tournaments and, to a lesser extent, battles, crests became solely pictorial after the 16th century (the era referred to by heraldists as that of "paper heraldry"). A normal heraldic achievement consists of the shield, above which is set the helm, on which sits the crest, its base encircled by a circlet of twisted cloth known as a torse. The use of the crest and torse independently from the rest of the achievement, a practice which became common in the era of paper heraldry, has led the term "crest" to be frequently but erroneously used to refer to the arms displayed on the shield, or to the achievement as a whole. Origin The word "crest" derives from the Latin ''crista'', meaning "tuft" or "plume", perhaps related to ''crinis'', "hair". Crests had existed in various forms since ancient times: Roman officers wore fans of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
England
England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Wales to its west and Scotland to its north. The Irish Sea lies northwest and the Celtic Sea to the southwest. It is separated from continental Europe by the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south. The country covers five-eighths of the island of Great Britain, which lies in the North Atlantic, and includes over 100 smaller islands, such as the Isles of Scilly and the Isle of Wight. The area now called England was first inhabited by modern humans during the Upper Paleolithic period, but takes its name from the Angles, a Germanic tribe deriving its name from the Anglia peninsula, who settled during the 5th and 6th centuries. England became a unified state in the 10th century and has had a significant cultural and legal impact on the wider world since the Age of Discovery, which began during the 15th century. The English language, the Anglican Church, and Engli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coat Of Arms
A coat of arms is a heraldry, heraldic communication design, visual design on an escutcheon (heraldry), escutcheon (i.e., shield), surcoat, or tabard (the latter two being outer garments). The coat of arms on an escutcheon forms the central element of the full achievement (heraldry), heraldic achievement, which in its whole consists of a shield, supporters, a crest (heraldry), crest, and a motto. A coat of arms is traditionally unique to an individual person, family, state, organization, school or corporation. The term itself of 'coat of arms' describing in modern times just the heraldic design, originates from the description of the entire medieval chainmail 'surcoat' garment used in combat or preparation for the latter. Roll of arms, Rolls of arms are collections of many coats of arms, and since the early Modern Age centuries, they have been a source of information for public showing and tracing the membership of a nobility, noble family, and therefore its genealogy across tim ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Feild (proto-Copernican)
John Field or Feild (1520/1530–1587), was a "proto- Copernican" English astronomer. Field was the son of Richard Field (d. 1542). He was born, it is supposed, at Ardsley in the West Riding of Yorkshire between 1520 and 1530. He received a liberal education, and Joseph Hunter, his descendant, conjectured that part of it was gained under the patronage of Alured Comyn, Prior of Nostell, from which house the cell of Woodkirk, near Ardsley, depended. Anthony à Wood believed that he studied at Oxford. He was living in London at the date of his first ''Ephemeris'' (1556), and appears, from a remark in a manuscript in Lambeth Palace Library, to have been a public instructor in science. Publications He published: * ''Ephemeris anni 1557 currentis juxta Copernici et Reinholdi canones … per J. Feild … ad Meridianum Londinensem … supputata. Adjecta est Epistola J. Dee, qua vulgares istos Ephemeridum fictores reprehendit'', London, 1556 * ''Ephemerides trium annorum, an. 1558, 59 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Augsburg
Augsburg (; bar , Augschburg , links=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swabian_German , label=Swabian German, , ) is a city in Swabia, Bavaria, Germany, around west of Bavarian capital Munich. It is a university town and regional seat of the ''Regierungsbezirk'' Schwaben with an impressive Altstadt (historical city centre). Augsburg is an urban district and home to the institutions of the Landkreis Augsburg. It is the third-largest city in Bavaria (after Munich and Nuremberg) with a population of 300,000 inhabitants, with 885,000 in its metropolitan area. After Neuss, Trier, Cologne and Xanten, Augsburg is one of Germany's oldest cities, founded in 15 BC by the Romans as Augsburg#Early history, Augusta Vindelicorum, named after the Roman emperor Augustus. It was a Free Imperial City from 1276 to 1803 and the home of the patrician (post-Roman Europe), patrician Fugger and Welser families that dominated European banking in the 16th century. According to Behringer, in the sixteen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
.jpg "Click for more on -> André Du Laurens")
