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1439 Establishments In Europe
Year 1439 ( MCDXXXIX) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events January–December * May 4 – Battle of Grotnik: Władysław III's royal army defeats the Hussite movement in Poland. * June 29 – Date of Venerable Macarius' Miracle of the Moose, according to Russian hagiographers. * July 6 – Pope Eugene IV issues the ''Bull of Union with the Greeks'', proclaiming the end of the East–West Schism. The bull was repudiated by most eastern bishops shortly thereafter. * September 8 – Cardinal Giovanni Vitelleschi captures Foligno, ending Trinci's signoria. * September 29 or October 1 – Eric of Pomerania, King of Sweden, Denmark and Norway, is declared deposed in Sweden. Karl Knutsson Bonde continues to serve as Regent of Sweden. * November 12 – In England, Plymouth becomes the first town incorporated by the English Parliament. Date unknown * Johannes Gutenberg develops pri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Macarius - Miracle Of The Moose - Fresco
Macarius is a Latinized form of the old Greek given name Makários (Μακάριος), meaning "happy, fortunate, blessed"; confer the Latin '' beatus'' and ''felix''. Ancient Greeks applied the epithet ''Makarios'' to the gods. In other languages the name has the following forms: *Finnish: the given name Kari Kari or KARI may refer to: Places *Kari, Jhunjhunu, a village in Rajasthan, India * , a village in Mouhoun Province, Burkina Faso *Kari, Tikamgarh, a town in Madhya Pradesh, India * Kari, Iran, a village in Bushehr Province, Iran * Kari-ye Bozorg ( ... or Karri. Derived surname: Mäkäräinen. *Greek: Makarios (Μακάριος) *Italian: Macario, which is also a family name *Portuguese: Macário * Spanish Macarena (name) *Russian/Ukrainian/Belarusian: Makar (Макар) from Church Slavonic Makariy (Макарій). Derived surnames: Makarov (surname), Makarov/Makarova, Makarenko, Makarchuk, Makarevich. *Serbian: Makarije (other), Makarije/Макарије *Roman ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
September 8
Events Pre-1600 * 617 – Battle of Huoyi: Li Yuan defeats a Sui dynasty army, opening the path to his capture of the imperial capital Chang'an and the eventual establishment of the Tang dynasty. * 1100 – Election of Antipope Theodoric. * 1198 – Philip of Swabia, Prince of Hohenstaufen, is crowned King of Germany (King of the Romans) * 1253 – Pope Innocent IV canonises Stanislaus of Szczepanów, killed by King Bolesław II. *1264 – The Statute of Kalisz, guaranteeing Jews safety and personal liberties and giving '' battei din'' jurisdiction over Jewish matters, is promulgated by Bolesław the Pious, Duke of Greater Poland. * 1276 – Pope John XXI is elected Pope. * 1331 – Stefan Dušan declares himself king of Serbia. * 1380 – Battle of Kulikovo: Russian forces defeat a mixed army of Tatars and Mongols, stopping their advance. * 1504 – Michelangelo's ''David'' is unveiled in Piazza della Signoria in Florence. *1514 – Ba ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plymouth
Plymouth () is a port city and unitary authority in South West England. It is located on the south coast of Devon, approximately south-west of Exeter and south-west of London. It is bordered by Cornwall to the west and south-west. Plymouth's early history extends to the Bronze Age when a first settlement emerged at Mount Batten. This settlement continued as a trading post for the Roman Empire, until it was surpassed by the more prosperous village of Sutton founded in the ninth century, now called Plymouth. In 1588, an English fleet based in Plymouth intercepted and defeated the Spanish Armada. In 1620, the Pilgrim Fathers departed Plymouth for the New World and established Plymouth Colony, the second English settlement in what is now the United States of America. During the English Civil War, the town was held by the Roundhead, Parliamentarians and was besieged between 1642 and 1646. Throughout the Industrial Revolution, Plymouth grew as a commercial shipping port, handling ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
England
England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Wales to its west and Scotland to its north. The Irish Sea lies northwest and the Celtic Sea to the southwest. It is separated from continental Europe by the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south. The country covers five-eighths of the island of Great Britain, which lies in the North Atlantic, and includes over 100 smaller islands, such as the Isles of Scilly and the Isle of Wight. The area now called England was first inhabited by modern humans during the Upper Paleolithic period, but takes its name from the Angles, a Germanic tribe deriving its name from the Anglia peninsula, who settled during the 5th and 6th centuries. England became a unified state in the 10th century and has had a significant cultural and legal impact on the wider world since the Age of Discovery, which began during the 15th century. The English language, the Anglican Church, and Engli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
November 12
Events Pre-1600 * 954 – The 13-year-old Lothair III is crowned at the Abbey of Saint-Remi as king of the West Frankish Kingdom. *1028 – Future Byzantine empress Zoe takes the throne as empress consort to Romanos III Argyros. * 1330 – Battle of Posada ends: Wallachian Voievode Basarab I defeats the Hungarian army by ambush. * 1439 – Plymouth becomes the first town incorporated by the English Parliament. 1601–1900 *1835 – Construction is completed on the Wilberforce Monument in Kingston Upon Hull. *1892 – Pudge Heffelfinger becomes the first professional American football player on record, participating in his first paid game for the Allegheny Athletic Association. *1893 – Abdur Rahman Khan accepts the Durand Line as the border between the Emirate of Afghanistan and the British Raj. 1901–present *1905 – Norway holds a referendum resulting in popular approval of the Storting's decision to authorise the government to make the o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charles VIII Of Sweden
Charles VIII ( sv, Karl; 1408–1470), contemporaneously known as Charles II and called Charles I in Norwegian context, was king of Sweden (1448–1457, 1464–1465 and 1467–1470) and king of Norway (1449–1450). Regnal name Charles was the second Swedish king by the name of Charles (Karl). ''Charles VIII'' is a posthumous invention, counting backwards from Charles IX (r. 1604–1611) who adopted his numeral according to a fictitious history of Sweden. Six others before Charles VII are unknown to any sources before Johannes Magnus's 16th century book ', and are considered his invention. Charles was the first Swedish monarch of the name to actually use a regnal number as ''Charles II'' (later retrospectively renumbered VIII), on his wife's tombstone (1451) at Vadstena. Early life Karl Knutsson was born in October 1408 or 1409, at Ekholmen Castle, the son of Knut Tordsson (Bonde), knight and member of the privy council (''riksråd''), and Margareta Karlsdotter (Sparre av To ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
King Of Norway
The Norwegian monarch is the head of state of Norway, which is a constitutional and hereditary monarchy with a parliamentary system. The Norwegian monarchy can trace its line back to the reign of Harald Fairhair and the previous petty kingdoms which were united to form Norway; it has been in unions with both Sweden and Denmark for long periods. The present monarch is King Harald V, who has reigned since 17 January 1991, succeeding his father, Olav V. The heir apparent is his only son, Crown Prince Haakon. The crown prince undertakes various public ceremonial functions, as does the king's wife, Queen Sonja. The crown prince also acts as regent in the king's absence. There are several other members of the royal family, including the king's daughter, grandchildren and sister. Since the dissolution of the union between Norway and Sweden and the subsequent election of a Danish prince as King Haakon VII in 1905, the reigning royal house of Norway has been a branch of the Schleswig- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
King Of Denmark
The monarchy of Denmark is a constitutional political system, institution and a historic office of the Kingdom of Denmark. The Kingdom includes Denmark proper and the autonomous administrative division, autonomous territories of the Faroe Islands and Greenland. The Kingdom of Denmark was already consolidated in the 8th century, whose rulers are consistently referred to in Franks, Frankish sources (and in some late Frisians, Frisian sources) as "kings" (). Under the rule of King Gudfred in 804 the Kingdom may have included all the major provinces of medieval Denmark. The current unified Kingdom of Denmark was founded or re-united by the Vikings, Viking kings Gorm the Old and Harald Bluetooth in the 10th century. Originally an elective monarchy, it became hereditary monarchy, hereditary only in the 17th century during the reign of Frederick III of Denmark, Frederick III. A decisive transition to a constitutional monarchy occurred in 1849 with the writing of the first democrat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Swedish Monarchs
This is a list of Swedish kings, queens, regents and viceroys of the Kalmar Union. History The earliest record of what is generally considered to be a Swedish king appears in Tacitus' work '' Germania'', c. 100 AD (the king of the Suiones). However, due to scant and unreliable sources before the 11th century, lists of succession traditionally start in the 10th century with king Olof Skötkonung, and his father Eric the Victorious, who also were the first Swedish kings to be baptized. There are, however, lists of Swedish pagan monarchs with far older dates, but in many cases these kings appear in sources of disputed historical reliability. These records notably deal with the legendary House of Yngling, and based on the Danish chronicler Saxo Grammaticus, Eric the Victorious and Olof Skötkonung have often been classified as belonging to the Swedish house of Ynglings, tracing them back to Sigurd Hring and Ragnar Lodbrok (whom Saxo considered to belong to the House of Yngling). Ho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eric Of Pomerania
Eric of Pomerania (1381 or 1382 – 24 September 1459) was the ruler of the Kalmar Union from 1396 until 1439, succeeding his grandaunt, Queen Margaret I. He is known as Eric III as King of Norway (1389–1442), Eric VII as King of Denmark (1396–1439) and has been called Eric XIII as King of Sweden (1396–1434, 1436–39). Later, in all three countries he became more commonly known as ''Erik av Pommern'' (Eric of Pomerania), a pejorative intended to point out that he belonged elsewhere. Eric was ultimately deposed from all three kingdoms of the union, but in 1449 he inherited one of the partitions of the Duchy of Pomerania and ruled it as duke until his death in 1459. Succession background Eric was born in either 1381 or 1382 in Darłowo, Pomerania (Poland). Born Bogusław, Eric was the son of Wartislaw VII, Duke of Pomerania, and Maria of Mecklenburg-Schwerin. Margaret I, who ruled the kingdoms of Denmark, Norway, and Sweden, wanted her realm to be unified and peaceful and m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
October 1
Events Pre-1600 * 331 BC – Alexander the Great defeats Darius III of Persia in the Battle of Gaugamela. * 366 – Pope Damasus I is consecrated. * 959 – Edgar the Peaceful becomes king of all England, in succession to Eadwig. * 965 – Pope John XIII is consecrated. * 1553 – The coronation of Queen Mary I of England occurs. *1588 – The coronation of Shah Abbas I of Persia occurs. 1601–1900 *1730 – Ahmed III is forced to abdicate as the Ottoman sultan. * 1779 – The city of Tampere, Finland (belonging to Sweden at this time) is founded by King Gustav III of Sweden. * 1787 – Russians under Alexander Suvorov defeat the Turks at Kinburn. * 1791 – First session of the French Legislative Assembly. * 1795 – More than a year after the Battle of Sprimont, the Austrian Netherlands (present-day Belgium) are officially annexed by Revolutionary France. * 1800 – Via the Third Treaty of San Ildefonso, Spain cedes Louisi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
September 29
Events Pre-1600 *61 BC – Pompey the Great celebrates his third triumph for victories over the pirates and the end of the Mithridatic Wars on his 45th birthday. * 1011 – Danes capture Canterbury after a siege, taking Ælfheah, archbishop of Canterbury, as a prisoner. * 1227 – Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor, is excommunicated by Pope Gregory IX for his failure to participate in the Crusades during the Investiture Controversy. *1267 – The Treaty of Montgomery recognises Llywelyn ap Gruffudd as Prince of Wales, but only as a vassal of King Henry III. * 1364 – During the Hundred Years' War, Anglo-Breton forces defeat the Franco-Breton army in Brittany, ending the War of the Breton Succession. *1567 – During the French War of Religion, Protestant coup officials in Nîmes massacre Catholic priests in an event now known as the Michelade. *1578 – Tegucigalpa, capital city of Honduras, is claimed by the Spaniards. 1601–1900 * 1714 & ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
