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1100s In Architecture
__TOC__ Buildings and structures Buildings * 1100 – Gloucester Cathedral dedicated as a new Gloucester Abbey church in England, but seriously damaged by a fire in the city in 1102. * 1102 ** Old Cathedral, Salamanca founded. ** Tewkesbury Abbey in England begun. * 1104 – New basilica at Vézelay Abbey in France dedicated. * 1105 – The Romanesque Bayeux Cathedral is partially destroyed by a fire, marking the beginning of Gothic style reconstructions. * 1106 – Rebuilt Speyer Cathedral completed. * 1106–1108 – Gate Church of the Trinity (Pechersk Lavra) in Kiev built. * 1107 ** Basilica of Saint-Martin d'Ainay, Lyon consecrated. ** San Savino, Piacenza, rebuilt. * 1108 – Southwell Minster in England begun. Events * 1103 – Chinese architect and government minister Li Jie publishes his ''Yingzao Fashi'', a technical treatise on Chinese architecture during the reign of Emperor Huizong of Song.Guo, Qinghua (1 January 1998). "Yingzao Fashi: Twelfth-Century Chinese ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1090s In Architecture
__TOC__ Buildings and structures Buildings * About 1090 ** Abbey Church of Saint-Savin-sur-Gartempe completed (begun about 1040). ** Construction of city Walls of Ávila in Spain begins. * About 1090–1094 – Minaret of Great Mosque of Aleppo in Syria built (destroyed 2013). * 1090 – Javeri temple is built in Khajuraho, Chandela kingdom. * 1091 ** Cairo Fatimid city wall built (begun in 1087). ** Ananda Temple built in Bagan, Pagan Kingdom capital. * 1093 ** Second of the Kharraqan towers mausoleums built in Qazvin, Seljukid Iran. ** Durham Cathedral in the north of England founded. ** Ely Cathedral in the east of England founded. * 1094 ** 40-foot-tall water-powered astronomical clocktower in Song dynasty's capital Bianjing designed by Su Song completed. ** San Juan de la Peña Monastery consecrated. ** Earliest parts of the Old Synagogue (Erfurt), Germany, one of the oldest synagogue buildings in Europe, dated back to this year. * About 1094 – Battle ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Basilica Of Saint-Martin D'Ainay
The Basilica of Saint-Martin d'Ainay (french: Basilique Saint-Martin d'Ainay) is a Romanesque church in Ainay in the Presqu'île district in the historic centre of Lyon, France. A quintessential example of Romanesque architecture, it was inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List along with other notable buildings in the centre of Lyon as a testimony to Lyon's long history as an important European town and unique blend of architectural styles. History Legend Legendary origins of a remarkably large church, which may once have stood on this site, are noted by Gregory of Tours and may be connected to the account of Eusebius, in his ''Historia Ecclesiae'', of the martyrdom of Blandina, the young girl among 48 Christians fed to lions by the Romans in 177 in Lyon's amphitheatre. The lions refused to eat her, according to Eusebius: she and the others were martyred nevertheless. Their bones were burnt, thrown into the river, and washed up downstream where the surviving Christians of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
11th Century In Architecture
__TOC__ Buildings and structures Buildings * 1001 ** The Cathedral of Ani is built in Armenia. ** St. Michael's Church, Hildesheim begun. * 1002 – Brihadishwara Temple of Thanjavur, India (Chola Empire) begun. * 1008 – Rebuilt Torcello Cathedral in the Veneto consecrated. * 1009 – Saint-Martin-du-Canigou in Catalonia consecrated. * By c. 1010 – Church of the Saviour at Berestove built. * 1011 – San Vittore alle Chiuse in Genga, Papal States built. * c. 1012 – Katholikon of Hosios Loukas built in Byzantine Greece. * 1013 ** Al-Hakim Mosque in Cairo, Fatimid Empire built (begun in 990). ** San Miniato al Monte begun in Florence, Italy (work went on until the 13th century). * 1016 – San Michele in Borgo in Pisa, Tuscany built. * c. 1017 – Hōjōji (法成寺) built in Heian-kyō, Japan. * 1021 – Church of the Quedlinburg Abbey, Holy Roman Empire built (begun c. 997). * 1022 – Monastery of Sant Pere de Rodes, Catalonia c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
JSTOR (identifier)
JSTOR (; short for ''Journal Storage'') is a digital library founded in 1995 in New York City. Originally containing digitized back issues of academic journals, it now encompasses books and other primary sources as well as current issues of journals in the humanities and social sciences. It provides full-text searches of almost 2,000 journals. , more than 8,000 institutions in more than 160 countries had access to JSTOR. Most access is by subscription but some of the site is public domain, and open access content is available free of charge. JSTOR's revenue was $86 million in 2015. History William G. Bowen, president of Princeton University from 1972 to 1988, founded JSTOR in 1994. JSTOR was originally conceived as a solution to one of the problems faced by libraries, especially research and university libraries, due to the increasing number of academic journals in existence. Most libraries found it prohibitively expensive in terms of cost and space to maintain a comprehens ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Doi (identifier)
A digital object identifier (DOI) is a persistent identifier or handle used to uniquely identify various objects, standardized by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). DOIs are an implementation of the Handle System; they also fit within the URI system (Uniform Resource Identifier). They are widely used to identify academic, professional, and government information, such as journal articles, research reports, data sets, and official publications. DOIs have also been used to identify other types of information resources, such as commercial videos. A DOI aims to resolve to its target, the information object to which the DOI refers. This is achieved by binding the DOI to metadata about the object, such as a URL where the object is located. Thus, by being actionable and interoperable, a DOI differs from ISBNs or ISRCs which are identifiers only. The DOI system uses the indecs Content Model for representing metadata. The DOI for a document remains fixed over th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Architectural History (journal)
''Architectural History'' is an annual peer-reviewed journal published by the Society of Architectural Historians of Great Britain (SAHGB). The journal is published each autumn. The architecture of the British Isles is a major theme of the journal, but articles can consider all places and periods. All members of the SAHGB receive the journal, as do subscribing institutional libraries. Older issues from its inception in 1958 onwards are available online through JSTOR. . . The is Alistair Fair, of the |
Emperor Huizong Of Song
Emperor Huizong of Song (7 June 1082 – 4 June 1135), personal name Zhao Ji, was the eighth emperor of the Northern Song dynasty of China. He was also a very well-known calligrapher. Born as the 11th son of Emperor Shenzong, he ascended the throne in 1100 upon the death of his elder brother and predecessor, Emperor Zhezong, because Emperor Zhezong's only son died prematurely. He lived in luxury, sophistication and art in the first half of his life. In 1126, when the Jurchen-led Jin dynasty invaded the Song dynasty during the Jin–Song Wars, Emperor Huizong abdicated and passed on his throne to his eldest son, Zhao Huan who assumed the title Emperor Qinzong while Huizong assumed the honorary title of ''Taishang Huang'' (or "Retired Emperor"). The following year, the Song capital, Bianjing, was conquered by Jin forces in an event historically known as the Jingkang Incident. Emperor Huizong and Emperor Qinzong and the rest of their family were taken captive by the Jurchens ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chinese Architecture
Chinese architecture (Chinese:中國建築) is the embodiment of an architectural style that has developed over millennia in China and it has influenced architecture throughout Eastern Asia. Since its emergence during the early ancient era, the structural principles of its architecture have remained largely unchanged. The main changes involved diverse decorative details. Starting with the Tang dynasty, Chinese architecture has had a major influence on the architectural styles of Japan, Korea, Mongolia, and Vietnam, and minor influences on the architecture of Southeast and South Asia including the countries of Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia and the Philippines. Chinese architecture is characterized by bilateral symmetry, use of enclosed open spaces, feng shui (e.g. directional hierarchies), a horizontal emphasis, and an allusion to various cosmological, mythological or in general symbolic elements. Chinese architecture traditionally classifies ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yingzao Fashi
The ''Yingzao Fashi'' () is a technical treatise on architecture and craftsmanship written by the Chinese author Li Jie (李誡; 1065–1110), the Directorate of Buildings and Construction during the mid Song Dynasty of China. He revised many older treatises on architecture from 1097 to 1100. By 1100, he had completed his own architectural work, which he presented to Emperor Zhezong of Song. The emperor's successor, Emperor Huizong of Song, had the book published in 1103 to provide architectural standards for builders, architects, literate craftsmen, and the engineering agencies of the central government. Li Jie was then made the Director of Palace Buildings. Thereafter, Li helped oversee the construction of administrative offices, palace apartments, gates and gate-towers, the ancestral temple of the Song Dynasty, along with numerous Buddhist temples. In 1145, a second edition of Li's book was published by Wang Huan. Between 1222-1233, a third printing was published. This e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Architecture Of The Song Dynasty
The architecture of the Song dynasty (960–1279) was noted for its towering Buddhist pagodas, enormous stone and wooden bridges, lavish tombs, and extravagant palaces. Although literary works on architecture existed beforehand, architectural writing blossomed during the Song dynasty, maturing into a more professional form that described dimensions and working materials in a concise, organized manner. In addition to the examples still standing, depictions in Song artwork, architectural drawings, and illustrations in published books all aid modern historians in understanding the architecture of the period. The professions of architect, master craftsman, carpenter, and structural engineer did not have the high status of the Confucian scholar-officials during the dynastic era. Architectural knowledge had been passed down orally for thousands of years, usually from craftsman fathers to their sons. There were also government agencies and schools for construction, building, and engine ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Architect
An architect is a person who plans, designs and oversees the construction of buildings. To practice architecture means to provide services in connection with the design of buildings and the space within the site surrounding the buildings that have human occupancy or use as their principal purpose. Etymologically, the term architect derives from the Latin ''architectus'', which derives from the Greek (''arkhi-'', chief + ''tekton'', builder), i.e., chief builder. The professional requirements for architects vary from place to place. An architect's decisions affect public safety, and thus the architect must undergo specialized training consisting of advanced education and a ''practicum'' (or internship) for practical experience to earn a Occupational licensing, license to practice architecture. Practical, technical, and academic requirements for becoming an architect vary by jurisdiction, though the formal study of architecture in academic institutions has played a pivotal role in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
China
China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's most populous country, with a population exceeding 1.4 billion, slightly ahead of India. China spans the equivalent of five time zones and borders fourteen countries by land, the most of any country in the world, tied with Russia. Covering an area of approximately , it is the world's third largest country by total land area. The country consists of 22 provinces, five autonomous regions, four municipalities, and two Special Administrative Regions (Hong Kong and Macau). The national capital is Beijing, and the most populous city and financial center is Shanghai. Modern Chinese trace their origins to a cradle of civilization in the fertile basin of the Yellow River in the North China Plain. The semi-legendary Xia dynasty in the 21st century BCE and the well-attested Shang and Zhou dynasties developed a bureaucratic political system to serve hereditary monarchies, or dyna ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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