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Adenine

Adenine
Names Preferred IUPAC name
9H-Purin-6-amine
Other names
6-Aminopurine
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
608603 ChEBI
ChEMBL
ChemSpider
DrugBank
ECHA InfoCard100.000.724EC Number
  • 200-796-1
3903
KEGG
RTECS number
  • AU6125000
UNII
  • InChI=1S/C5H5N5/c6-4-3-5(9-1-7-3)10-2-8-4/h1-2H,(H3,6,7,8,9,10)
    Key: GFFGJBXGBJISGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N
  • InChI=1/C5H5N5/c6-4-3-5(9-1-7-3)10-2-8-4/h1-2H,(H3,6,7,8,9,10)
    Key: GFFGJBXGBJISGV-UHFFFAOYAT
  • NC1=NC=NC2=C1N=CN2
  • Nc1c2ncNc2ncn1
Properties C5H5N5Molar mass135.130 g·mol Appearance white to light yellow, crystalline Density1.6 g/cm (calculated) Melting point360 to 365 °C (680 to 689 °F; 633 to 638 K) decomposes 0.103 g/100 mL Solubilitynegligible in ethanol, soluble in hot water and/or aqua ammoniaAcidity (pKa) 4.15 (secondary), 9.80 (primary) Thermochemistry 147.0 J/(K·mol) 96.9 kJ/mol Hazards Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): 227 mg/kg (rat, oral) Safety data sheet (SDS) MSDS
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Adenine (symbolA, or Ade) is a purinenucleotide base that is found in DNA, RNA, and ATP. It is usually a white crystalline subtance. The shape of adenine is complementary and pairs to either thymine in DNA or uracil in RNA. In cells, adenine is rare as an independent molecule. It is almost always covalently bound to become a part of a larger biomolecule.

Adenine has a central role in cellular respiration. It is part of adenosine triphosphate which provides the energy that drives and supports most activities in living cells, such as protein synthesis, muscle contraction, and nerve impulse propagation. In respiration it also participates as part of the cofactorsnicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, flavin adenine dinucleotide, and coenzyme A.

It is also part of adenosine, adenosine monophosphate, cyclic adenosine monophosphate, adenosine diphosphate, and S-adenosylmethionine.

Wikipedia source