Battle of Karbala680 battle in IraqBelligerentsUmayyad CaliphateAlidsCommanders and leadersUbayd Allah ibn ZiyadUmar ibn Sa'dShimr ibn Dhi al-JawshanQays ibn al-Ash'athHarmala ibn KahilHusayn ibn Ali †Abbas ibn Ali †Habib ibn Muzahir †Zuhayr ibn al-Qayn †Al-Hurr ibn Yazid †Strength 4,000–5,000 70–145Casualties and losses 88 Killed72+ killedLocation within IraqThe Battle of Karbala (Arabic: مَعْرَكَة كَرْبَلَاء, romanized: Maʿrakat Karbalāʾ) was fought on 10 October 680 (10 Muharram in the year 61 AH of the Islamic calendar) between the forces of the second Umayyad caliphYazid I (r. 680–683), and a small caravan led by Husayn ibn Ali, second son of Ali and grandson of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, at Karbala, in modern-day southern Iraq.
Ahl al-BaytAhl al-Bayt (Arabic: أهل البيت, lit.'People of The House') refers to the family of the Islamic prophetMuhammad. The Ahl al-Bayt hold an important and respected position in Islam, and Muslims are encouraged to honor and respect them. The Quran refers to the “People of the House” in several contexts, most notably in the Verse of Purification, in which God declares his will to purify them completely.
Semitic rootThe roots of verbs and most nouns in the Semitic languages are characterized as a sequence of consonants or "" (hence the term consonantal root). Such abstract consonantal roots are used in the formation of actual words by adding the vowels and non-root consonants (or "transfixes"), which go with a particular morphological category around the root consonants, in an appropriate way, generally following specific patterns.
LucknowLucknow (/ˈlʌknaʊ/ LUK-now; Hindi: Lakhanaū, pronounced [ˈləkʰnə.uː] ) is a metropolis and the second largest city of the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh where it serves as the capital and the administrative headquarters of the eponymous district and division. The city had a population of 2.8 million according to the 2011 census, making it the eleventh most populous city and the twelfth-most populous urban agglomeration of India.
IstishhadIstishhad (Arabic: استشهاد, romanized: istišhād) is the Arabic word for "martyrdom", "death of a martyr", or (in some contexts) "heroic death". Martyrs are given the honorific shaheed. The word derives from the Semitic rootshahida (Arabic: شهد), meaning "to witness". Traditionally martyrdom has an exalted place in Islam. It is widely believed among Muslims that the sins of believers who "die in the way of God" will be forgiven by Allah.
Persian languageWestern Iranian languageThis article contains Persian text. Without proper , you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols.Persian, also known as Farsi, is a Western Iranian language belonging to the Iranian branch of the Indo-Iranian subdivision of the Indo-European languages.
LamentA lament or lamentation is a passionate expression of grief, often in music, poetry, or song form. The grief is most often born of regret, or mourning. Laments can also be expressed in a verbal manner in which participants lament about something that they regret or someone that they have lost, and they are usually accompanied by wailing, moaning and/or crying. Laments constitute some of the oldest forms of writing, and examples exist across human cultures.
Husayn ibn AliGrandson of Muhammad and the 3rd ImamHusayn ibn Ali (Arabic: حسين ابن علي, romanized: Ḥusayn ibn ʿAlī; 11 January 626 – 10 October 680 CE) was an Alid political and religious leader. The second son of Ali and Fatima and a grandson of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, as well as a younger brother of Hasan ibn Ali, Husayn is regarded as the third Imam in Shia Islam after his brother, Hasan, and before his son, Ali al-Sajjad.
ArabicCentral Semitic languageArabic is a Central Semitic language of the Afroasiatic language family spoken primarily in the Arab world. The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) assigns language codes to 32 varieties of Arabic, including its standard form of Literary Arabic, known as Modern Standard Arabic, which is derived from Classical Arabic.ElegyAn elegy is a poem or song of serious reflection, expressing feelings of melancholy, grief or extreme sorrow. It is not to be confused with a eulogy, which is a speech or writing in praise of a dead person. However, according to The Oxford Handbook of the Elegy, "For all of its pervasiveness ...
Shia IslamSecond-largest branch of IslamShia Islam is the second-largest branch of Islam. It is rooted in the belief that the Islamic prophet Muhammad explicitly designated his cousin and son-in-law Ali ibn Abi Talib (r. 656–661) as his rightful political successor (caliph) and the divinely guided spiritual leader of the Muslim community (imam).
UrduUrdu (اُرْدُو, urdū, [ˈʊɾduː] ) is an Indo-Aryan language spoken primarily in South Asia. It is the national language and lingua franca of Pakistan. It is also an official Eighth Schedule language in India, the status and cultural heritage of which are recognised by the Constitution of India — alongside having official status in several Indian states (Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Jharkhand, West Bengal, and both Telugu states). Urdu and Hindi are closely related.*As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.