Talal bin Abdullah Al Rashid (; 1823–11 March 1868) was the second ruler of the
Emirate of Jabal Shammar
The Emirate of Jabal Shammar (), also known as the Emirate of Haʾil () or the Rashidi Emirate (), was a state in the northern part of the Arabian Peninsula, including Najd, existing from the mid-nineteenth century to 1921.J. A. Hammerton. ''P ...
.
He was a skillful ruler who died by suicide. Unlike the founding ruler,
Abdullah, who was titled as sheikh, the rulers of Jabal Shammar began to be referred to as emirs with the reign of Talal.
[ In addition, Talal managed to create a state-like administration in the Emirate which had been based on the tribal alliance during the reign of Abdullah.][
]
Early life
Talal bin Abdullah was born in 1823.[ He was the eldest of Abdullah Al Rashid's three sons, and his brothers were Mutaib and ]Mohammad
Muhammad (8 June 632 CE) was an Arab religious and political leader and the founder of Islam. According to Islam, he was a prophet who was divinely inspired to preach and confirm the monotheistic teachings of Adam, Noah, Abraham, Mose ...
.
Reign
Talal succeeded his father in 1848 without any dispute in the family.[
Qassim region was partially controlled by the Emirate of Jabal Shammar during his reign when the leaders of Qassimi tribes asked him to protect them from the ]Emirate of Nejd
The second Saudi state (), officially known as the Emirate of Najd, was a state that existed between 1824 and 1891 in the Najd region of what is now Saudi Arabia. Saudi rule was restored to central (Najd) and Eastern Arabia after the first Sau ...
.Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman Empire (), also called the Turkish Empire, was an empire, imperial realm that controlled much of Southeast Europe, West Asia, and North Africa from the 14th to early 20th centuries; it also controlled parts of southeastern Centr ...
also started during Talal's reign when the route of Hajj
Hajj (; ; also spelled Hadj, Haj or Haji) is an annual Islamic pilgrimage to Mecca, Saudi Arabia, the holiest city for Muslims. Hajj is a mandatory religious duty for capable Muslims that must be carried out at least once in their lifetim ...
from Iraq
Iraq, officially the Republic of Iraq, is a country in West Asia. It is bordered by Saudi Arabia to Iraq–Saudi Arabia border, the south, Turkey to Iraq–Turkey border, the north, Iran to Iran–Iraq border, the east, the Persian Gulf and ...
to Mecca
Mecca, officially Makkah al-Mukarramah, is the capital of Mecca Province in the Hejaz region of western Saudi Arabia; it is the Holiest sites in Islam, holiest city in Islam. It is inland from Jeddah on the Red Sea, in a narrow valley above ...
was made safe for Ottomans.[ They also began to mention the name of the ]Ottoman Sultan
The sultans of the Ottoman Empire (), who were all members of the Ottoman dynasty (House of Osman), ruled over the Boundaries between the continents, transcontinental empire from its perceived inception in 1299 to Dissolution of the Ottoman Em ...
as Caliph
A caliphate ( ) is an institution or public office under the leadership of an Islamic steward with Khalifa, the title of caliph (; , ), a person considered a political–religious successor to the Islamic prophet Muhammad and a leader of ...
in Friday prayers
Friday prayer, or congregational prayer (), is the meeting together of Muslims for communal prayer and service at midday every Friday. In Islam, the day itself is called ''Yawm al-Jum'ah'' (shortened to ''Jum'ah''), which translated from Arabic me ...
.[ In addition, Emir Talal was very careful of not experiencing any conflict with the Ottomans and declared that he ruled the Emirate on behalf of the Caliph.][ He was very tolerant for ]Shia Muslims
Shia Islam is the second-largest Islamic schools and branches, branch of Islam. It holds that Muhammad in Islam, Muhammad designated Ali ibn Abi Talib () as both his political Succession to Muhammad, successor (caliph) and as the spiritual le ...
and Jews
Jews (, , ), or the Jewish people, are an ethnoreligious group and nation, originating from the Israelites of History of ancient Israel and Judah, ancient Israel and Judah. They also traditionally adhere to Judaism. Jewish ethnicity, rel ...
whom he allowed to reside and work in Hail
Hail is a form of solid Precipitation (meteorology), precipitation. It is distinct from ice pellets (American English "sleet"), though the two are often confused. It consists of balls or irregular lumps of ice, each of which is called a hailsto ...
although they were expected to pay large amount of taxes.[ The Emirate of Jabal Shammar paid an annual levy to the Emirate of Nejd, and Emir Talal had good relations with Faisal bin Turki, Emir of Nejd, and then with his son and successor, Abdullah bin Faisal.][ In the 1860s Faisal bin Shalaan occupied Al Jouf region which had been under Talal's rule.
Talal's reign lasted until 11 March 1868 when he killed himself with a pistol.][ Following his death his younger brother Mutaib bin Abdullah became the Emir of Jabal Shammar and briefly ruled the Emirate between March and July 1868.][
]
Personal life
Talal married three women from Al Rashid and one woman from Al Saud
The House of Saud ( ) is the ruling royal family of Saudi Arabia. It is composed of the descendants of Muhammad bin Saud, founder of the Emirate of Diriyah, known as the First Saudi State, (1727–1818), and his brothers, though the ruling fac ...
.[ The latter was Noura, daughter of his ally Emir Abdullah of Nejd. There is also another report arguing that he married a daughter of Faisal bin Turki, Emir Abdullah's father.][ but soon he was killed by his uncle Muhammad bin Abdullah.][
]
References
External links
{{DEFAULTSORT:Rashid, Talal Abdullah
19th-century monarchs in the Middle East
1823 births
1868 deaths
Arab people from the Ottoman Empire
Heads of state who died by suicide
Talal Abdullah
People from Ha'il
Politicians from the Ottoman Empire
Sons of monarchs
Suicides by firearm
Royalty who died by suicide