Redland City, also known as the Redlands and formerly known as Redland Shire, is a

local government area A local government area (LGA) is an administrative division of a country that a local government is responsible for. The size of an LGA varies by country but it is generally a subdivision of a federated state, state, province, division (politica ...

(LGA) and a part of

Greater Brisbane South East Queensland (SEQ) is a bio-geographical, metropolitan and statistical region of the state of Queensland in Australia, with a population of approximately 4.0 million people out of the state's population of 5.5 million. The area cover ...

South East Queensland South East Queensland (SEQ) is a Bioregion, bio-geographical, Megalopolis, metropolitan and Statistics, statistical Regions of Queensland, region of the States and territories of Australia, state of Queensland in Australia, with a population of ...

, Australia. With a population of 159,222 as of June 2021, Redland City is spread along the southern coast of

Moreton Bay Moreton Bay is a bay located on the eastern coast of Australia from central Brisbane, Queensland. It is one of Queensland's most important coastal resources. The waters of Moreton Bay are a popular destination for recreational anglers and are ...

, covering . The city borders the

City of Brisbane The City of Brisbane is a local government area (LGA) which comprises the inner portion of Greater Brisbane, the capital of Queensland, Australia. Its governing body is the Brisbane City Council. The LGAs in the other mainland state capitals ...

to the west and north-west and

Logan City The City of Logan is a local government area (LGA) located in the south of Greater Brisbane in South East Queensland (SEQ), Australia. Situated between the City of Brisbane to the north and the City of Gold Coast to the south, the City of Lo ...

to the south-west and south, while its islands are situated north of the

City of Gold Coast The City of Gold Coast is the Local government in Australia, local government area spanning the Gold Coast, Queensland, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia, and surrounding areas. With a population of 606,774, it is the second most populous local ...

. The Redlands first attained city status on March 15th, 2008, having been a shire since 1949, when it was created by a merger of the

Tingalpa Tingalpa is a suburb in the City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. In the , Tingalpa had a population of 8,461 people. Geography The suburb is bounded to the west by Bulimba Creek, a tributary of the Brisbane River. The suburb has some ol ...

and

Cleveland Cleveland is a city in the U.S. state of Ohio and the county seat of Cuyahoga County. Located along the southern shore of Lake Erie, it is situated across the Canada–U.S. maritime border and approximately west of the Ohio-Pennsylvania st ...

Shires.Queensland State Archives, Search for Agency Details of Redland City Council
, Retrieved 7 April 2014 Despite this status, Redland City consists largely of suburban and coastal communities, featuring a somewhat disjointed urbanisation around major suburbs interspersed with

bushland In Australia, bushland is a blanket term for land which supports remnant natural area, remnant vegetation or land which is disturbed but still retains a predominance of the original floristics and structure. Human survival in bushland has a wh ...

. Unlike many neighbouring LGAs, there is no clear

city centre A city centre, also known as an urban core, is the Commerce, commercial, Culture, cultural and often the historical, Politics, political, and geographic heart of a city. The term "city centre" is primarily used in British English, and closely e ...

. Major suburbs include

Capalaba Capalaba ( ) is an urban locality in the City of Redland, Queensland, Australia. In the , Capalaba had a population of 18,002 people. Geography The suburb has large shopping and commercial centres with two malls and a major bus station, as wel ...

, Victoria Point,

Thornlands Thornlands is a coastal residential locality in the City of Redland, Queensland, Australia. In the , Thornlands had a population of 19,263 people. Geography Thornlands is located approximately by road south-east Brisbane, the capital of t ...

, and

Redland Bay Redland Bay is a coastal semi-rural locality in the City of Redland, Queensland, Australia. In the , Redland Bay had a population of 17,056 people. Since the first European settlers arrived in the mid-19th century, Redland Bay has remained a f ...

. The latter is the city's namesake, due to the

colour Color (or colour in Commonwealth English; see spelling differences) is the visual perception based on the electromagnetic spectrum. Though color is not an inherent property of matter, color perception is related to an object's light absorp ...

of its fertile soil.

North Stradbroke Island North Stradbroke Island (Janday language, Jandai: ''Minjerribah''), colloquially ''Straddie'' or ''North Straddie'', is an island that lies within Moreton Bay in the Australian state of Queensland, southeast of the centre of Brisbane. Original ...

and smaller nearby islands, most notably those of Southern Moreton Bay, comprise the eastern portion of the Redlands. The city's boundaries correspond to those of the federal

division of Bowman The Division of Bowman is an Divisions of the Australian House of Representatives, Australian Electoral Division in Queensland. The current MP is Henry Pike of the Liberal Party of Australia, Liberal Party. Geography Since 1984, federal electo ...

. In the , the Redland City had a population of 159,222 people.

History

The area now known as the Redlands was initially inhabited by the Jagera,

Turrbal The Turrbal are an Aboriginal Australian people from the area now known as Brisbane. The boundaries of their traditional territory are unclear and linguists are divided over whether they spoke a separate language or a dialect of the Yuggera la ...

, and

Quandamooka people The Quandamooka people are Aboriginal Australians who live around Moreton Bay in Southeastern Queensland. They are composed of three distinct tribes, the Nunukul, the Goenpul and the Ngugi, and they live primarily on Moreton and North Stra ...

. Some locations derive their names from

Aboriginal languages Aboriginal language may refer to: * Indigenous language * Australian Aboriginal languages * Taiwanese aboriginal languages * Indigenous languages of the Americas The Indigenous languages of the Americas are the languages that were used by the ...

, and known historic sites within the area include a bora ring at Mount Cotton. The Quandamooka are recognised as the traditional custodians of

, and more recently applied for

native title Aboriginal title is a common law doctrine that the land rights of indigenous peoples to customary tenure persist after the assumption of sovereignty to that land by another colonising state. The requirements of proof for the recognition of ab ...

over much of the Redlands' surrounding islands and mainland. Jandai (also known as Janday, Jandewal, Djendewal, Jundai, Goenpul and Jandawal), is one of the Aboriginal languages used on

Stradbroke Island Stradbroke Island, also known as Minjerribah, was a large sand island that formed much of the eastern side of Moreton Bay near Brisbane, Queensland until the late 19th century. Today the island is split into two islands: North Stradbroke Is ...

. Europeans first entered the Redlands in the late 18th century while mapping

James Cook Captain (Royal Navy), Captain James Cook (7 November 1728 – 14 February 1779) was a British Royal Navy officer, explorer, and cartographer famous for his three voyages of exploration to the Pacific and Southern Oceans, conducted between 176 ...

made observations of the then-undivided

;

Matthew Flinders Captain (Royal Navy), Captain Matthew Flinders (16 March 1774 – 19 July 1814) was a British Royal Navy officer, navigator and cartographer who led the first littoral zone, inshore circumnavigate, circumnavigation of mainland Australia, then ...

landed on

Coochiemudlo Island Coochiemudlo Island is a small island in the southern part of Moreton Bay, near Brisbane, in South East Queensland, Australia. It is also the name of the locality upon the island, which is within the local government area of Redland City, but ...

in 1799; and Robert Dixon later surveyed and named much of the area. By the 1840s, the coastal township of

was in contention to become a major port replacing Brisbane, but was ultimately not chosen due to the region's existing sandbars and shipwrecks, and an unfavourable review from Governor

George Gipps Sir George Gipps (23 December 1790 – 28 February 1847) was the Governor of New South Wales, Governor of the British Colony of New South Wales for eight years, between 1838 and 1846. His governorship oversaw a tumultuous period where the rights ...

during his 1842 visit.

Louis Hope Louis Hope (19 October 1817 – 15 August 1894) was a Member of the Queensland Legislative Council. Early years Hope was born in Linlithgow, Scotland in 1817 to John Hope, 4th Earl of Hopetoun, General John Hope, 4th Earl of Hopetoun, a ...

and other land purchasers began to develop significant infrastructure at this time. On 11 November 1879, under the ''Divisional Boards Act 1879'', the Tingalpa Division was created to govern the area to the east of metropolitan

Brisbane Brisbane ( ; ) is the List of Australian capital cities, capital and largest city of the States and territories of Australia, state of Queensland and the list of cities in Australia by population, third-most populous city in Australia, with a ...

. The area around Cleveland split away to form the Cleveland Division on 30 May 1885. Under the ''Local Authorities Act 1902'', both became Shires on 31 March 1903. The Tingalpa council met at Mount Cotton. On 1 October 1925, a sizeable portion of the Shire of Tingalpa (suburbs west of

Tingalpa Creek Tingalpa Creek is a creek in South East Queensland. It flows along Brisbane's south east boundary with Redland City Council. On early maps the creek was called both Tunim Creek and Tangulba Creek. The waterway serves as important wildlife cor ...

, including

Upper Mount Gravatt Upper Mount Gravatt is a southern Suburbs and localities (Australia), suburb in the City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. In the , Upper Mount Gravatt had a population of 10,800 people. Geography Upper Mount Gravatt is south of Mount Grava ...

and Rochedale) became part of the new

along with 20 other local governments. On 9 December 1948, as part of a major reorganisation of local government in

, an Order in Council renamed the

Shire of Cleveland The Shire of Cleveland is a former local government area in the south-east of Queensland, Australia, centred on the town of Cleveland beside Moreton Bay. History On 11 November 1879, the Tingalpa Division was created as one of 74 divisions ...

to be Shire of Redland and amalgamated part of

Shire of Tingalpa The Shire of Tingalpa was a local government area in the south-eastern suburbs of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. The shire, administered from Mount Cotton, covered an area of , and existed as a local government entity from 1879 until 1949. ...

into it (the other part of Tingalpa amalgamated to form the

Shire of Albert The Shire of Albert was a Local government in Australia, local government area in Queensland, located south of the capital, Brisbane, and taking in areas to the north and west of the Gold Coast, Queensland, Gold Coast. It was named after the Pri ...

). The twentieth century saw significant population growth in the Redlands, preceded by the construction of the

Cleveland railway line The Cleveland railway line is a suburban railway line extending east-southeast from Brisbane, the state capital of Queensland, Australia. It is part of the Queensland Rail Citytrain network. History Following the opening of the Wooloon ...

. Peel Island became a

leper colony A leper colony, also known by many other names, is an isolated community for the quarantining and treatment of lepers, people suffering from leprosy. '' M. leprae'', the bacterium responsible for leprosy, is believed to have spread from East ...

, while

became a hub for sand mining, and is also associated with the Indigenous rights movement as the home of poet

Oodgeroo Noonuccal Oodgeroo Noonuccal ( ; born Kathleen Jean Mary Ruska, later Kath Walker (3 November 192016 September 1993) was an Aboriginal Australian political activist, artist and educator, who campaigned for Aboriginal rights. Noonuccal was best known for ...

and academic

Aileen Moreton-Robinson Aileen Moreton-Robinson is an Indigenous Australian academic, Indigenous feminist, author and activist for Indigenous rights. She is a Goenpul woman of the Quandamooka people from Minjerribah (North Stradbroke Island) in Queensland. She compl ...

. On 15 March 2008, Redlands was granted city status. In June 2018, the Redland City Council approved a marketing campaign to brand the city as "Redlands Coast" with the tagline "naturally wonderful". The campaign seeks to attract tourists to the city's of coastline (due to a number of islands which form part of the city).

Geography

Although most of the population resides on the main urban conglomeration based around the centres of

and Victoria Point, over 6,000 people live on islands in

that are part of the city. These are North Stradbroke, Coochiemudlo and the

Southern Moreton Bay Islands The Southern Moreton Bay Islands, abbreviated as ''SMBI'', also known as the ''Bay Islands'', are the four inhabited southern Moreton Bay islands located in South East Queensland, Australia. The group is part of the Redland City with a permanent ...

of Karragarra, Lamb, Russell and Macleay.

rises on Mount Cotton, forming

Leslie Harrison Dam The Leslie Harrison Dam is an earth-fill dam, earth-fill embankment dam, embankment dam across the Tingalpa Creek that is located in the South East Queensland, South East region of Queensland, Australia. The main purpose of the dam is for Potabl ...

, and marking the majority of the area's western boundary.

Biogeography

Redland City has many immediately recognisable animals and plants such as

koala The koala (''Phascolarctos cinereus''), sometimes inaccurately called the koala bear, is an arboreal herbivorous marsupial native to Australia. It is the only Extant taxon, extant representative of the Family (biology), family ''Phascolar ...

s, migratory

shorebirds FIle:Vadare - Ystad-2021.jpg, 245px, A flock of Dunlins and Red knots Waders or shorebirds are birds of the order Charadriiformes commonly found wikt:wade#Etymology 1, wading along shorelines and mudflats in order to foraging, forage for food c ...

flying foxes ''Pteropus'' (suborder Yinpterochiroptera) is a genus of megabats which are among the largest bats in the world. They are commonly known as fruit bats or flying foxes, among other colloquial names. They live in South Asia, Southeast Asia, Austr ...

and scribbly gum forests. It is also home to over 1,700 other recorded native species, many of which are under threat from population growth and its associated effects such as habitat clearing and fragmentation,

road A road is a thoroughfare used primarily for movement of traffic. Roads differ from streets, whose primary use is local access. They also differ from stroads, which combine the features of streets and roads. Most modern roads are paved. Th ...

construction,

pollution Pollution is the introduction of contaminants into the natural environment that cause harm. Pollution can take the form of any substance (solid, liquid, or gas) or energy (such as radioactivity, heat, sound, or light). Pollutants, the component ...

and expanding development. The council area is also home to

Venman Bushland National Park Venman Bushland is a national park in Queensland, Australia, southeast of Brisbane. History Jack Venman purchased 255 acres of land on West Mount Cotton Road in the Shire of Redland in 1954. The land had been heavily logged in the 1900s. Ven ...

, and the

Eprapah Eprapah, the Charles S. Snow Scout Environment Training Centre, at Victoria Point, Queensland, Victoria Point, near Brisbane, Queensland, Australia, is a noted ecological area within Redland City. Owned and managed by the Scouts Australia, Scou ...

Scout environment training centre. 116 Koala HZP 14 February 2015 comp

In April 2013, the Redland City Council illegally cleared vegetation from public land on the foreshores of

. The council has been required by the State Government to restore the cleared vegetation and install signage about the restoration. Trees felled included many sheoaks. The city's

population has declined significantly in recent years. In 2010, it was estimated that only 2,000 koalas remained, a 65% decline since 1999. Figures from a count in 2012 have not yet been released by the

Queensland Government The Queensland Government is the state government of Queensland, Australia, a Parliament, parliamentary constitutional monarchy. Government is formed by the party or coalition that has gained a majority in the Queensland Legislative Assembly, ...

. The Redland City-based Koala Action Group has warned that: "Rampant expansion of urban areas will lead to the loss of the koala populations that are vital to the long-term survival of the species." The city boundaries include internationally significant coastal

wetland A wetland is a distinct semi-aquatic ecosystem whose groundcovers are flooded or saturated in water, either permanently, for years or decades, or only seasonally. Flooding results in oxygen-poor ( anoxic) processes taking place, especially ...

s within the

Ramsar site A Ramsar site is a wetland site designated to be of international importance under the Ramsar Convention,8 ha (O) *** Permanent 8 ha (P) *** Seasonal Intermittent < 8 ha(Ts) **

Tidal flats Mudflats or mud flats, also known as tidal flats or, in Ireland, slob or slobs, are coastal wetlands that form in intertidal areas where sediments have been deposited by tides or rivers. A global analysis published in 2019 suggested that tidal ...

mangrove A mangrove is a shrub or tree that grows mainly in coastal saline water, saline or brackish water. Mangroves grow in an equatorial climate, typically along coastlines and tidal rivers. They have particular adaptations to take in extra oxygen a ...

s and

seagrass Seagrasses are the only flowering plants which grow in marine (ocean), marine environments. There are about 60 species of fully marine seagrasses which belong to four Family (biology), families (Posidoniaceae, Zosteraceae, Hydrocharitaceae and ...

beds provide important habitats for fish,

crustacean Crustaceans (from Latin meaning: "those with shells" or "crusted ones") are invertebrate animals that constitute one group of arthropods that are traditionally a part of the subphylum Crustacea (), a large, diverse group of mainly aquatic arthrop ...

s, and: * large numbers of the nationally threatened

green turtle The green sea turtle (''Chelonia mydas''), also known as the green turtle, black (sea) turtle or Pacific green turtle, is a species of large sea turtle of the family Cheloniidae. It is the only species in the genus ''Chelonia''. Its range exte ...

and the

loggerhead turtle The loggerhead sea turtle (''Caretta caretta'') is a species of oceanic turtle distributed throughout the world. It is a marine reptile, belonging to the family Cheloniidae. The average loggerhead measures around in carapace length when ful ...

* the internationally vulnerable

dugong The dugong (; ''Dugong dugon'') is a marine mammal. It is one of four living species of the order Sirenia, which also includes three species of manatees. It is the only living representative of the once-diverse family Dugongidae; its closest ...

, a large sea mammal from the order

Sirenia The Sirenia (), commonly referred to as sea cows or sirenians, are an order of fully aquatic, herbivorous mammals that inhabit swamps, rivers, estuaries, marine wetlands, and coastal marine waters. The extant Sirenia comprise two distinct famili ...

which also includes

manatee Manatees (, family (biology), family Trichechidae, genus ''Trichechus'') are large, fully aquatic, mostly herbivory, herbivorous marine mammals sometimes known as sea cows. There are three accepted living species of Trichechidae, representing t ...

species

* 43 species of

, including 30 migratory bird species listed by international migratory bird conservation agreements, such as the vulnerable eastern curlew and the

grey-tailed tattler The grey-tailed tattler (''Tringa brevipes'', formerly ''Heteroscelus brevipes''Banks, Richard C.; Cicero, Carla; Dunn, Jon L.; Kratter, Andrew W.; Rasmussen, Pamela C.; Remsen, J. V. Jr.; Rising, James D. & Stotz, Douglas F. (2006):Forty-seventh ...

, that use this area in their journey through the

East Asian–Australasian Flyway The East Asian–Australasian Flyway is one of the world's great flyways of migratory birds. At its northernmost it stretches eastwards from the Taimyr Peninsula in Russia to Alaska. Its southern end encompasses Australia and New Zealand. Between ...

. Freshwater systems in the Redlands catchment do not meet set ecosystem health values, according to the Healthy Waterways Report Cards for both 2013 and 2014.

Fire ants Fire ants are several species of ants in the genus ''Solenopsis'', which includes over 200 species. ''Solenopsis'' are stinging ants, and most of their common names reflect this, for example, ginger ants and tropical fire ants. Many of the nam ...

have been detected in a number of Redland City suburbs, with Sheldon and Mount Cotton being assessed by BioSecurity Queensland as high-risk, and requiring treatment by ground teams.

Transport

Queensland Rail Queensland Rail (QR) is a railway operator in Queensland, Australia. Queensland Rail is owned by the Queensland Government, and operates both Commuter rail, suburban and Regional rail, interurban rail services in South East Queensland, as well ...

operates the

, which connects the Redlands with Brisbane as part of its

City network City networks can either refer to a membership organization city leaders join to connect their city to other municipalities, or to a geographical concept used to describe inter-connectivity of cities on different levels (trade, railways, culture e ...

. The line runs parallel with the

Brisbane River The Brisbane River (Turrbal language, Turrbal: ) is the longest river in South East Queensland, Australia. It flows through the city of Brisbane, before emptying into Moreton Bay on the Coral Sea. John Oxley, the first European to explore the ...

to its south, passing through Brisbane's Cannon Hill and

Wynnum Wynnum is a coastal suburb in the City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. The suburb is a popular destination in Brisbane due to its coastline, jetty and tidal wading pool. In the , Wynnum had a population of 14,036 people. Wynnum and the adjo ...

, before crossing

to enter Redland City. Northern suburbs of the city are serviced by five stations: Thorneside, Birkdale,

Wellington Point Wellington Point is a residential coastal locality in the City of Redland, Queensland, Australia. It is a popular seaside destination within the Brisbane metropolitan area and is notable for a popular walk along a sandbar to King Island which em ...

Ormiston Ormiston is a village in East Lothian, Scotland, near Tranent, Humbie, Pencaitland and Cranston, located on the north bank of the River Tyne at an elevation of about . The village was the first planned village in Scotland, founded in 173 ...

, and

, where the line terminates. The

TransLink (South East Queensland) Translink is the public transport agency in the State of Queensland, Australia, and a division of the Department of Transport and Main Roads. Translink was first introduced by the Queensland Government in June 2003 to orchestrate train, bus, ...

bus network is prevalent in the Redlands. Bus stations at

and Victoria Point feature regular city-bound and outbound connections, with direct services to

Carindale Carindale is a suburb of the City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. It is located by road south-east of the Brisbane GPO, and borders Belmont, Carina, Carina Heights, Mackenzie, Mansfield, Mount Gravatt East, and Tingalpa. In the , Cari ...

, Eight Mile Plains,

Loganholme Loganholme ( ) is a Suburbs and localities (Australia), suburb in the City of Logan, Queensland, Australia. In the , Loganholme had a population of 6,764. Geography The suburb is bisected by the Pacific Motorway (Brisbane–Brunswick Heads), ...

, and the

Brisbane CBD Brisbane City is the central Suburbs and localities (Australia), suburb and central business district of Brisbane, the state capital of Queensland, Australia. It is also colloquially referred to as the "Brisbane CBD", "the city", or simply "to ...

during

peak hour A rush hour (American English, British English) or peak hour (Australian English, Indian English) is a part of the day during which traffic congestion on roads and crowding on public transport is at its highest. Normally, this happens twice e ...

. Plans for extending the Eastern Busway to

Capalaba bus station The Capalaba Bus Station, at Capalaba, Queensland, is serviced by Translink bus routes. It is part of the Capalaba Shopping Precinct and is the primary interchange for Translink's Eastern Region. It is in Zone 2 of the Translink integrated pu ...

were "paused" in 2011 but a new planning study commenced in 2022. The

Gateway Motorway The Gateway Motorway (M2 to Eight Mile Plains and M1 to Bald Hills) is a major tolled motorway in Brisbane, Queensland, Australia which includes the Sir Leo Hielscher Bridges (former Gateway Bridge). The motorway is operated by toll road ope ...

and Pacific Motorway are located further west within the

. Major roads are accessible from these highways, such as

Old Cleveland Road Old Cleveland Road is a major road in Brisbane, Queensland. It runs from Stones Corner, Queensland, Stones Corner to Capalaba, Queensland, Capalaba in Brisbane, with most of the route signed as State Route 22. Sections of the road are also part ...

Mount Gravatt Mount Gravatt is a southern Suburbs and localities (Australia), suburb of the City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia and a prominent hill and lookout within this suburb (). In the , Mount Gravatt had a population of 3,733 people. Geography T ...

-Capalaba Road, and

Mount Cotton Road Mount Cotton Road, or Mt Cotton Rd, is a major split road in the Brisbane area of South East Queensland, Australia. It runs in both an east-west direction between Burbank (Brisbane) and Sheldon ( Redlands), and a north-south direction between ...

, which enter the Redlands from Chandler,

Burbank Burbank may refer to: Places Australia * Burbank, Queensland, a suburb in Brisbane United States * Burbank, California, a city in Los Angeles County * Burbank, Santa Clara County, California, a census-designated place * Burbank, Illinois, ...

, and Cornubia, respectively.

Culture and heritage

Redland City has a number of important cultural facilities, including the Redland Art Gallery, Redland Museum, and Redland Performing Arts Centre. The city also has many

heritage-listed This list is of heritage registers, inventories of cultural properties, natural and human-made, tangible and intangible, movable and immovable, that are deemed to be of sufficient heritage value to be separately identified and recorded. In ma ...

sites, including: * Multiple historic sites of Cleveland, such as the

Cleveland Point Light Cleveland Point Light, also known as Point Cleveland Light, is a lighthouse located on the north-eastern tip of Cleveland Point, at Cleveland, Redland City, Queensland, Australia. It overlooks Moreton Bay to the east and Raby Bay to the west. ...

Old Cleveland Police Station The Old Cleveland Police Station is a heritage-listed police station at 1 Passage Street, Cleveland, Queensland, Cleveland, City of Redland, Queensland, Australia. It was built from 1934 to 1935. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register ...

, Cleveland Pioneer Cemetery,

Grand View Hotel Grand View Hotel is a heritage-listed hotel at 49 North Street, Cleveland, Queensland, Cleveland, City of Redland, Queensland, Australia. It was built onwards. It was also known as Brighton Hotel and Cleveland House. It was added to the Queen ...

, and the historic pine trees near the Point *The church, public hall,

causeway A causeway is a track, road or railway on the upper point of an embankment across "a low, or wet place, or piece of water". It can be constructed of earth, masonry, wood, or concrete. One of the earliest known wooden causeways is the Sweet T ...

and

public reserve A park is an area of natural, semi-natural or planted space set aside for human enjoyment and recreation or for the protection of wildlife or natural habitats. Urban parks are urban green space, green spaces set aside for recreation inside t ...

Dunwich Dunwich () is a village and civil parish in Suffolk, England. It is in the Suffolk & Essex Coast & Heaths National Landscape around north-east of London, south of Southwold and north of Leiston, on the North Sea coast. In the Anglo-Saxon ...

Whepstead Whepstead is a village and civil parish in the West Suffolk district of Suffolk in eastern England, located south of Bury St Edmunds. Once the property of Bury Abbey it became a possession of the Drury family at the Dissolution of the Mona ...

Manor at

*The Industrial Ruins on

Macleay Island Macleay Island is an island in Moreton Bay, South East Queensland, South East Queensland, Australia. The island constitutes a town and Suburbs and localities (Australia), locality within the Redland City, City of Redland. In the , Macleay Isla ...

*The

Ormiston House Estate Ormiston House Estate is a heritage-listed plantation at Wellington Street, Ormiston, City of Redland, Queensland, Australia. It was built from to . It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992. History Ormiston Ho ...

and Fellmongery * Norfolk Island Pine Trees * Serpentine Creek Road Cemetery in

Libraries

The Redland City Council operate public libraries at Amity Point,

, Point Lookout, Russell Island and Victoria Point. There is a mobile library serving

Alexandra Hills Alexandra Hills is a residential locality in the City of Redland, Queensland, Australia. In the , Alexandra Hills had a population of 16,472 people. Geography Alexandra Hills sits between two major areas of Redlands, with Cleveland to the ea ...

, Mount Cotton Park,

, Thorneside, Victoria Point, and

Economy

For the year ending 30 June 2014, Redland City's

Gross Regional Product Gross regional domestic product (GRDP), gross domestic product of region (GDPR), or gross state product (GSP) is a statistic that measures the size of a region's economy. It is the aggregate of gross value added (GVA) of all resident producer unit ...

(GRP) was estimated to be 4.77 billion

dollars Dollar is the name of more than 25 currencies. The United States dollar, named after the international currency known as the Spanish dollar, was established in 1792 and is the first so named that still survives. Others include the Australian d ...

Wiki Eastern Curlew Oyster Pt Cleveland 112 edit 2 comp

Key industry sectors include

health care Health care, or healthcare, is the improvement or maintenance of health via the preventive healthcare, prevention, diagnosis, therapy, treatment, wikt:amelioration, amelioration or cure of disease, illness, injury, and other disability, physic ...

and

social assistance Welfare spending is a type of government support intended to ensure that members of a society can meet basic human needs such as food and shelter. Social security may either be synonymous with welfare, or refer specifically to social insurance ...

retail Retail is the sale of goods and services to consumers, in contrast to wholesaling, which is the sale to business or institutional customers. A retailer purchases goods in large quantities from manufacturers, directly or through a wholes ...

trade,

education Education is the transmission of knowledge and skills and the development of character traits. Formal education occurs within a structured institutional framework, such as public schools, following a curriculum. Non-formal education als ...

and

training Training is teaching, or developing in oneself or others, any skills and knowledge or fitness that relate to specific useful competencies. Training has specific goals of improving one's capability, capacity, productivity and performance. I ...

sand mining Sand mining is the extraction of sand, mainly through an open pit (or sand pit) but sometimes mined from beaches and inland dunes or dredged from ocean and river beds. Sand is often used in manufacturing, for example as an abrasive or in conc ...

construction Construction are processes involved in delivering buildings, infrastructure, industrial facilities, and associated activities through to the end of their life. It typically starts with planning, financing, and design that continues until the a ...

and

tourism Tourism is travel for pleasure, and the Commerce, commercial activity of providing and supporting such travel. World Tourism Organization, UN Tourism defines tourism more generally, in terms which go "beyond the common perception of tourism as ...

. During the year ending in June 2014, an estimated 41,506 jobs were located in Redland City, along with an estimated 74,089 employed residents, meaning 32,035 (or 47.1%) of Redland City's employed residents who work travel outside of the area to do so.

Mining

, one of the world's largest

sand island A sand island is an island that is mostly made of sand. The largest sand island in the world is K'gari, Australia. Other examples of large sand islands are Moreton, North Stradbroke and Bribie Islands which lie south of K'gari (Fraser Island ...

s, has been the subject of

operations since 1949. In 2010, Queensland's Labor Government announced a phase-out of the sand mining industry over a 17-year period, with up to 80% of the island to be covered by

national park A national park is a nature park designated for conservation (ethic), conservation purposes because of unparalleled national natural, historic, or cultural significance. It is an area of natural, semi-natural, or developed land that is protecte ...

. In April 2011, the government then extended key expired mining leases to allow mining to continue at the main ''Enterprise'' sand mine until the end of 2019, while Sibelco was interested in an extension to 2027. 2013 saw the LNP Government pass legislation allowing sand mining on the island for an extra 16 years: from 2019 to 2035. For mining to continue past 2019 at the ''Enterprise'' sand mine, the lease owner (currently Sibelco) would have to apply for an extension in 2019, under legislative amendments passed by the Newman Government in November 2013. However, if the amendments are repealed by a future government before 2019, the mine will close on 31 December 2019, the closure date legislated by the government in April 2011. The circumstances leading up to this legislative amendment have been referred to Queensland's

Crime and Misconduct Commission The Crime and Corruption Commission (CCC) is an independent Queensland Government integrity agency created to combat and reduce the incidence of major crime and to continuously improve the integrity of, and to reduce the incidence of misconduc ...

. On 6 June 2014, North Stradbroke Island's

traditional owners Native title is the set of rights, recognised by Australian law, held by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander groups or individuals to land that derive from their maintenance of their traditional laws and customs. These Aboriginal title rig ...

, the

, initiated a legal challenge saying, on the grounds that the LNP Government's extension of mining contravened the Federal Native Title Act. In May 2016, legislation passed by the Palaszczuk Ministry did confirm that sand mining on North Stradbroke will end by 2019. Mainland

quarries A quarry is a type of open-pit mine in which dimension stone, rock, construction aggregate, riprap, sand, gravel, or slate is excavated from the ground. The operation of quarries is regulated in some jurisdictions to manage their safet ...

are located in the suburb of Mount Cotton, and have drawn their own criticisms concerning allegations of

and OHS breaches.

Development

Protest against Toondah PDA plan 23 February 2014

Toondah Harbour Toondah Harbour is a boat harbour at Cleveland in Redland City, Queensland, Australia. It is in southern Moreton Bay. It is the location of the Stradbroke Island Ferry Terminal used by water taxis and vehicular ferries to provide access to North ...

is the location of the Stradbroke Island Ferry Terminal, used by

water taxi A water taxi or a water bus is a boat used to provide public transport, public or private transport, usually, but not always, in an Urban area, urban environment. Service may be scheduled with multiple stops, operating in a simil ...

s and vehicular ferries to provide access to North Stradbroke Island. Cleveland's Toondah Harbour and

's Weinam Creek were declared Priority Development Areas (PDAs) under the Economic Development Act 2012 on 21 June 2013. PDA designation allows development to be fast-tracked, but also means that

local communities A local community has been defined as a group of interacting people living in a common location. The word is often used to refer to a group that is organized around common values and is attributed with social cohesion within a shared geographical l ...

and interest groups have less opportunity to comment on issues of concern. The Government and Redland City Council have proposed PDA development schemes which have attracted community opposition. On 23 February, approximately 30 people attended a

rally Rally or rallye may refer to: Gatherings * Political demonstration, a political rally, a political demonstration of support or protest, march, or parade * Pep rally, an event held at a North American school or college sporting event Sport ...

to protest against the Government's plans to "carve up" the G.J. Walter Park as part of its Toondah Harbour redevelopment proposal. On 4 March 2014 a petition with 1,211 signatures calling for the Government's Toondah Harbour PDA plan to be withdrawn was tabled in the

Queensland Parliament The Parliament of Queensland is the unicameral legislative body of the Australian state of Queensland. As provided under the Constitution of Queensland, the Parliament consists of the King, represented by the Governor of Queensland, and the ...

. On 31 May 2014, an approved development scheme was released together with a lengthy report on the 583 submissions received during the consultation period. On 18 September 2014, the Government and Council announced that Walker Corporation had been selected as preferred developer for both the Toondah Harbour and Weinam Creek priority development areas. In the , the population of the Redland City was 147,010. The median age was 41 years old, 3 years older than the nationwide median. The male-to-female ratio was 49-to-51. The most commonly nominated ancestries were English (32.1%), Australian (25.2%), Irish (9.0%), Scottish (8.6%), and German (4.5%). 72.5% of people were born in Australia, while the other most common countries of birth were England (6.7%), New Zealand (5.4%), South Africa (1.7%), Scotland (0.9%), and the Philippines (0.5%). Indigenous Australians accounted for 2.3% of the population. The most commonly spoken languages other than English were Afrikaans and Mandarin (0.5% each), German (0.4%), and Italian and Spanish (0.3% each). The most common religious affiliations reported were none (29.8%), Catholic (21.1%), Anglican (17.9%), and Uniting Church (6.1%). Capalaba Library

Council

Redland City Council has a

Mayor In many countries, a mayor is the highest-ranking official in a Municipal corporation, municipal government such as that of a city or a town. Worldwide, there is a wide variance in local laws and customs regarding the powers and responsibilitie ...

, and a

Councillor A councillor, alternatively councilman, councilwoman, councilperson, or council member, is someone who sits on, votes in, or is a member of, a council. This is typically an elected representative of an electoral district in a municipal or re ...

for each of its 10 divisions. Elections are held every four years and voting is compulsory. Jos Mitchell was elected mayor at the 2024 election.

Mayors

Other notable members of the Redland Council include: * 1961–1980: John Philip Goleby,

Member of the Queensland Legislative Assembly This is a list of members of the Legislative Assembly of Queensland, the state parliament of Queensland, sorted by parliament. See also * Queensland Legislative Assembly electoral districts This is a list of current and former Electoral dis ...

for Redlands

Suburbs

Redland City consists of the following suburbs and localities: View towards Moreton Bay from Mount View Road

* Birkdale *

* Mount Cotton *

** Amity Point **

** Point Lookout *

* Sheldon *

Karragarra Island Karragarra Island is one of the inhabited Southern Moreton Bay Islands, near Brisbane, in Queensland, Australia. It is also a town and locality in the City of Redland, Queensland, Australia. In the , the locality of Karragarra Island had a popu ...

** Lamb Island **

** Russell Island * Thorneside *

* Victoria Point *

Redland City also includes a number of uninhabited or sparsely populated islands in

, including: * Peel Island * Cassim Island, near Cleveland: a low-lying area of

s with

around it which provides a high value habitat for wading birds and other fauna, named after William Cassim, an early Cleveland hotel keeper.Joshua Peter Bell, "Moreton Bay And How To Fathom It", Queensland Newspapers, 1984, p 52

Demographics

Venman_Bushland_National_Park_picnic_area

The following table lists of the population of Redland City and its predecessor local government areas:

References

External links

Redland City Council

University of Queensland: Queensland Places: Redland City

* ttps://onesearch.slq.qld.gov.au/permalink/61SLQ_INST/tqqf2h/alma99101543402061 Redland Shire Oral History Collection

State Library of Queensland State Library of Queensland (State Library) is the state public reference and research library of Queensland, Australia, operated by the Government of Queensland, state government. The Library is governed by the Library Board of Queensland, whi ...

{{coord, 27, 35, 35.86, S, 153, 15, 59.11, E, type:landmark_region:AU, display=title Local government areas in Brisbane Coastal cities in Australia Local government areas of Queensland

History

Geography

Biogeography

Transport

Culture and heritage

Libraries

Economy

Mining

Development

Council

Mayors

Suburbs

Demographics

References

Further reading

External links