Pınarbaşı (, ) previously known as Aziziye is a municipality and

district A district is a type of administrative division that in some countries is managed by the local government. Across the world, areas known as "districts" vary greatly in size, spanning regions or county, counties, several municipality, municip ...

Kayseri Province The Kayseri Province () is a province and metropolitan municipality in central Turkey. Its area is 16,970 km2, and its population is 1,441,523 (2022). It borders with Sivas, Adana, Niğde, Kahramanmaraş, Yozgat and Nevşehir provinces. T ...

Turkey Turkey, officially the Republic of Türkiye, is a country mainly located in Anatolia in West Asia, with a relatively small part called East Thrace in Southeast Europe. It borders the Black Sea to the north; Georgia (country), Georgia, Armen ...

. It was first established in 1863 by the Ottoman Sultan

Abdülaziz Abdulaziz (; ; 8 February 18304 June 1876) was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 25 June 1861 to 30 May 1876, when he was 1876 Ottoman coup d'état, overthrown in a government coup. He was a son of Sultan Mahmud II and succeeded his brother ...

. In 1863, Lozade Mahmut Efendi was appointed as the first mayor of Pınarbaşı. Its area is 3,418 km², and its population is 21,240 (2022).

History

Ariarateia (

Greek Greek may refer to: Anything of, from, or related to Greece, a country in Southern Europe: *Greeks, an ethnic group *Greek language, a branch of the Indo-European language family **Proto-Greek language, the assumed last common ancestor of all kno ...

: ''Ἀριαράθεια'';

Roman Roman or Romans most often refers to: *Rome, the capital city of Italy *Ancient Rome, Roman civilization from 8th century BC to 5th century AD *Roman people, the people of Roman civilization *Epistle to the Romans, shortened to Romans, a letter w ...

: ''Ariarátheia'') or ''Ariarátia'' (present-day Pınarbaşı in Kayseri, Turkey) was a Cappadocian city founded by Ariarate IV (r. 220–163 BC), in the region at the time known as Sargarausena. It was incorporated into the

Roman Empire The Roman Empire ruled the Mediterranean and much of Europe, Western Asia and North Africa. The Roman people, Romans conquered most of this during the Roman Republic, Republic, and it was ruled by emperors following Octavian's assumption of ...

upon the annexation of

Cappadocia Cappadocia (; , from ) is a historical region in Central Anatolia region, Turkey. It is largely in the provinces of Nevşehir, Kayseri, Aksaray, Kırşehir, Sivas and Niğde. Today, the touristic Cappadocia Region is located in Nevşehir ...

as a province by Emperor

Tiberius Tiberius Julius Caesar Augustus ( ; 16 November 42 BC – 16 March AD 37) was Roman emperor from AD 14 until 37. He succeeded his stepfather Augustus, the first Roman emperor. Tiberius was born in Rome in 42 BC to Roman politician Tiberius Cl ...

. In the 4th century, more precisely during the reign of

Constantine Constantine most often refers to: * Constantine the Great, Roman emperor from 306 to 337, also known as Constantine I * Constantine, Algeria, a city in Algeria Constantine may also refer to: People * Constantine (name), a masculine g ...

(r. 306–337), the eastern portion of

was separated to form

Lesser Armenia Lesser Armenia (; ; ), also known as Armenia Minor and Armenia Inferior, comprised the Armenian-populated regions primarily to the west and northwest of the ancient Kingdom of Armenia (also known as Kingdom of Greater Armenia), on the western sid ...

. In the middle of the same century,

Armenia Minor Lesser Armenia (; ; ), also known as Armenia Minor and Armenia Inferior, comprised the Armenian-populated regions primarily to the west and northwest of the ancient Kingdom of Armenia (also known as Kingdom of Greater Armenia), on the western sid ...

was divided into

Armenia Prima Armenia, officially the Republic of Armenia, is a landlocked country in the Armenian Highlands of West Asia. It is a part of the Caucasus region and is bordered by Turkey to the west, Georgia to the north and Azerbaijan to the east, and Iran ...

and Armenia Secunda, Ariarateia being incorporated into the latter. In 431, Ariarateia is documented as a suffragan diocese. During the

Byzantine Empire The Byzantine Empire, also known as the Eastern Roman Empire, was the continuation of the Roman Empire centred on Constantinople during late antiquity and the Middle Ages. Having survived History of the Roman Empire, the events that caused the ...

, it was renamed Dasmenda. Near the neighbourhood of Melikgazi are the ruins of Tzamandos, a Byzantine border fortress town built by the famous

Armenian Armenian may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to Armenia, a country in the South Caucasus region of Eurasia * Armenians, the national people of Armenia, or people of Armenian descent ** Armenian diaspora, Armenian communities around the ...

general

Melias Melias () or Mleh (, often ''Mleh-mec'', "Mleh the Great" in Armenian sources) was an Armenian prince who entered Byzantine service and became a distinguished general, founding the theme of Lykandos and participating in the campaigns of John K ...

around the year 909/910. In 1065, the town was given among other lands in the region to the last Bagratuni King

Gagik II Gagik II (; c. 1025 - May 5/November 24, 1079) was the last Armenian king of the Bagratuni dynasty, ruling in Ani from 1042 to 1045. Historical background During the reign of Hovhannes-Smbat (John-Smbat), a feudal lord, David, who owned Taik ...

as exchange for him renouncing the Kingdom of Armenia. Pınarbaşı, originally founded by Sultan

in 1863 under the name Aziziye, was later renamed during the Republican period to its current name, Pınarbaşı. It has preserved much of its cultural heritage, including Ottoman-era mosques, madrasahs, and wooden houses. Notable landmarks include the Old Bath ( Turkish: ''Eski Hamam''), a 19th-century Ottoman bath, Barbaros Elementary School, now the Pınarbaşı National Education Directorate, founded in 1910, and Aziziye Mosque. The town also features Greek-style wooden mansions, such as Aşhotlar Mansion, which were later used by Turks following the population exchange.

Demographics

Pınarbaşı is home to a diverse population with a rich ethnic composition. The community includes

Circassians The Circassians or Circassian people, also called Cherkess or Adyghe (Adyghe language, Adyghe and ), are a Northwest Caucasian languages, Northwest Caucasian ethnic group and nation who originated in Circassia, a region and former country in t ...

, Afshars and Alevi Kurds, as well as Turks from nearby communities such as

Gürün Gürün is a town in Sivas Province of Turkey. It is the seat of Gürün District.İlçe Beled ...

Darende Darende ( ) is a municipality and district of Malatya Province, Turkey. Its area is 1,482 km2, and its population is 24,588 (2022). It lies to the northwest of Malatya, south of Sivas, east of Kayseri. History Darende had been known by var ...

and

Afşin Afşin is a municipality and district of Kahramanmaraş Province, Turkey. Its area is 1,502 km2, and its population is 80,044 (2022). It is the location of the ancient town Arabissus. Afşin-Elbistan power stations Two coal fired power ...

, alongside Turkish refugees, including Muhacirs who fled

Kars Kars ( or ; ; ) is a city in northeast Turkey. It is the seat of Kars Province and Kars District.� ...

during the 1877–1878 Russo-Turkish War and Turkish migrants from

Bulgaria Bulgaria, officially the Republic of Bulgaria, is a country in Southeast Europe. It is situated on the eastern portion of the Balkans directly south of the Danube river and west of the Black Sea. Bulgaria is bordered by Greece and Turkey t ...

who arrived during the

population exchange between Greece and Turkey The 1923 population exchange between Greece and Turkey stemmed from the "Convention Concerning the Exchange of Greek and Turkish Populations" signed at Lausanne, Switzerland, on 30 January 1923, by the governments of Greece and Turkey. It involv ...

. A large portion of the population is made up of

who settled this area by the Ottomans after their migration to Turkey as a result of

Circassian genocide The Circassian genocide, or Tsitsekun, was the systematic mass killing, ethnic cleansing, and forced displacement of between 95% and 97% of the Circassian people during the final stages of the Russian invasion of Circassia in the 19th centur ...

. The local archives were burned down around 1923. Two versions exist: according to one, Armenian genocide survivors burned the records to hide their non-Muslim origin; according to another, Muslims who took over properties left by massacred Armenians destroyed the records of the original proprietors.

Composition

There are 122

neighbourhoods A neighbourhood (Commonwealth English) or neighborhood (American English) is a geographically localized community within a larger town, city, suburb or rural area, sometimes consisting of a single street and the buildings lining it. Neighbourh ...

in Pınarbaşı District:Mahalle
Turkey Civil Administration Departments Inventory. Retrieved 19 September 2023. * Akören * Akpınar * Alagazili * Alamescit * Altıkesek * Arslanbeyli * Artmak * Aşağıbeyçayırı * Aşağıborandere * Aşağıkaragöz * Aşağıkızılçevlik * Avşarpotuklu * Aygörmez * Bahçecik * Beserek * Büyükgümüşgün * Büyükgürleyen * Büyükkabaktepe * Büyükkaramanlı * Büyükkaramuklu * Büyükkömarmut * Büyükpotuklu * Cabe * Çakılkaya * Çaybaşı * Cinahmet * Cinliören * Çördüklü * Çukuryurt * Demircili * Demirciören * Devederesi * Dikilitaş * Dilciler * Eğrisöğüt * Elmalı * Emeğil * Esenköy * Eskitekke * Eskiyassıpınar * Fakıekinciliği * Gebelek * Gölcük * Gültepe * Güney * Halitbeyören * Hanköy * Hasırcı * Hassa * Hayriye * Hilmiye * Hürriyet * İğdelipayaslı * İnliören * İnönü * Kadılı * Kaftangiyen * Kaman * Karaboğaz * Karahacılı * Karahalka * Karakuyu * Kavakköy * Kavlaklar * Kayaaltı * Kayabaşı * Kayaönü * Kaynar * Kazancık * Kerimoğlu * Kılıçkışla * Kılıçmehmet * Kırkgeçit * Kırkpınar * Kızıldere * Kızılhan * Kızılören * Köşkerli * Küçükgümüşgün * Küçükkömarmut * Küçükpotuklu * Kurbağalık * Kurttepe * Kuşçular * Malakköy * Melikgazi * Methiye * Olukkaya * Örenşehir * Oruçoğlu * Panlı * Paşalı * Pazarören * Pazarsu * Pulpınar * Şabanlı * Saçayağı * Saçlı * Şerefiye * Serinyurt * Söğütlü * Solaklar * Tahtaköprü * Taşlıgeçit * Taşlıoğlu * Taşoluk * Tersakan * Tözgün * Üçpınar * Uzunpınar * Uzunyol * Yağlıpınar * Yahyabey * Yarımtepe * Yenicami * Yeniocak * Yeregeçen * Yukarıbeyçayırı * Yukarıborandere * Yukarıkaragöz * Yukarıkızılçevlik * Yusuflar

Notable people

Abidin Ünal Abidin Ünal (born 1953 in Pınarbaşı, Kayseri, Pınarbaşı, Kayseri, Turkey) is a retired Turkish Air Force general and commander of the Turkish Air Force. During his tenure, he was a Senior Member of the NATO Science, Technology and Researc ...

— Former commander of the

Turkish Air Force The Turkish Air Force () is the Air force, air and space force of the Turkish Armed Forces. It traces its origins to 1 June 1911 when it was founded as the Ottoman Aviation Squadrons, Aviation Squadrons by the Ottoman Empire. It was composed ...

and Senior Member of the NATO Technology and Research Organization *

Alparslan Türkeş Alparslan Türkeş (; 25 November 1917 – 4 April 1997) was a Turkish politician, who was the founder and president of the Nationalist Movement Party (MHP) and the Grey Wolves ''(Ülkü Ocakları)''. He ran the Grey Wolves training camps from ...

— Turkish politician and founder of the

Nationalist Movement Party The Nationalist Movement Party, or alternatively translated as Nationalist Action Party (, MHP), is a Turkish Far-right politics, far-right, ultranationalism, ultranationalist Political parties in Turkey, political party. The group is often de ...

* Mehmet Kemal Dedeman — Turkish businessman and founder of the Dedeman Group * Abdullah Kızılırmak — Turkish

astronomer An astronomer is a scientist in the field of astronomy who focuses on a specific question or field outside the scope of Earth. Astronomers observe astronomical objects, such as stars, planets, natural satellite, moons, comets and galaxy, galax ...

and professor * İsmail Hakkı Berkok — Turkish general, historian and deputy of the Grand National Assembly * Dursun Ataş — Member of the

Grand National Assembly of Turkey The Grand National Assembly of Turkey ( ), usually referred to simply as the GNAT or TBMM, also referred to as , in Turkish, is the Unicameralism, unicameral Turkey, Turkish legislature. It is the sole body given the legislative prerogatives by ...

* Mualla Eyüboğlu — Turkish architect, known for her restoration work on the

Topkapı Palace The Topkapı Palace (; ), or the Seraglio, is a large museum and library in the east of the Fatih List of districts of Istanbul, district of Istanbul in Turkey. From the 1460s to the completion of Dolmabahçe Palace in 1856, it served as the ad ...

harem A harem is a domestic space that is reserved for the women of the house in a Muslim family. A harem may house a man's wife or wives, their pre-pubescent male children, unmarried daughters, female domestic Domestic worker, servants, and other un ...

room and the

Rumelihisarı Rumelihisarı (also known as Rumelian Fortress and Roumeli Hissar Fortress) or Boğazkesen Fortress (literally 'strait-cutter fortress') is a medieval Ottoman Empire, Ottoman fortress located in Istanbul, Turkey, on a series of hills on the Europ ...

* Gökay Akbulut — Turkish-

German German(s) may refer to: * Germany, the country of the Germans and German things **Germania (Roman era) * Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language ** For citizenship in Germany, see also Ge ...

politician * Muzaffer Özdağ — Former

staff captain Staff captain is the English translation of a number of military ranks: Historical use of the rank Czechoslovakia In the Czechoslovak Army, until 1953, staff captain (, ) was a senior captain rank, ranking between captain and major. Estonia T ...

in the

Turkish Armed Forces The Turkish Armed Forces (TAF; , TSK) are the armed forces, military forces of the Turkey, Republic of Turkey. The TAF consist of the Turkish Army, Land Forces, the Turkish Navy, Naval Forces and the Turkish Air Force, Air Forces. The Chief of ...

and politician *

Tuğrul Türkeş Yıldırım Tuğrul Türkeş (born 1 December 1954) is a Turkish people, Turkish economist and politician, who served as Deputy Prime Minister of Turkey from 28 August 2015 to 19 July 2017. He first joined the 2015 interim election government of T ...

— Turkish politician and former

Deputy Prime Minister of Turkey The deputy prime minister of Turkey was official deputy of the prime minister of Turkey. Conventionally all of the junior partners in a coalition got one deputy, and they were ranked according to the size of their respective parties. See also ...

* Sadık Yakut — Former politician and

Deputy Speaker of the Grand National Assembly The Deputy Speaker(s) of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey (Turkish language, Turkish: ''Türkiye Büyük Millet Meclisi Başkanvekilleri'') serve on the Speakers Council (Turkish: ''Başkanlık Divanı'') in the Grand National Assembly of Turk ...

* Kutalmış Türkeş — Former member of the

* Ayyüce Türkeş Taş — Member of the

* Bülent Yıldırım —

UEFA The Union of European Football Associations (UEFA ; ; ) is one of six continental bodies of governance in association football. It governs football, futsal and beach soccer, beach football in Europe and the List of transcontinental countries#A ...

-accredited

Süper Lig The Süper Lig (, ''Super League''), also known as Trendyol Süper Lig for sponsorship reasons, is a professional association football league in Turkey and the highest level of the Turkish football league system. In the 2023–2024 season, twen ...

referee * Ali İhsan Varol — Turkish TV show presenter, producer, and actor

History

Demographics

Composition

Notable people

References

See Also