Coolangatta, Queensland
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Coolangatta is a coastal
suburb A suburb (more broadly suburban area) is an area within a metropolitan area. They are oftentimes where most of a metropolitan areas jobs are located with some being predominantly residential. They can either be denser or less densely populated ...
in the
City of Gold Coast The City of Gold Coast is the Local government in Australia, local government area spanning the Gold Coast, Queensland, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia, and surrounding areas. With a population of 606,774, it is the second most populous local ...
,
Queensland Queensland ( , commonly abbreviated as Qld) is a States and territories of Australia, state in northeastern Australia, and is the second-largest and third-most populous state in Australia. It is bordered by the Northern Territory, South Austr ...
, Australia. It is the Gold Coast's southernmost suburb and it borders
New South Wales New South Wales (commonly abbreviated as NSW) is a States and territories of Australia, state on the Eastern states of Australia, east coast of :Australia. It borders Queensland to the north, Victoria (state), Victoria to the south, and South ...
. In the , Coolangatta had a population of 6,491 people.


History

Coolangatta is situated in the Bundjalung traditional Aboriginal country. The Yugambeh people are local custodians in the Bundjalung traditional Aboriginal country.
Yugambeh language Yugambeh (or ''Mibanah'', from , 'language of men' or 'sound of eagles'), also known as Tweed-Albert Bandjalang, is an Australian Aboriginal language spoken by the Yugambeh living in South-East Queensland between and within the Logan Rive ...
(also known as Yugumbir, Jugambel, Jugambeir, Jugumbir, Jukam, Jukamba) is one of the
Australian Aboriginal languages The Indigenous languages of Australia number in the hundreds, the precise number being quite uncertain, although there is a range of estimates from a minimum of around 250 (using the technical definition of 'language' as non-mutually intellig ...
in areas that include the
Beenleigh Beenleigh is a town and suburb in the City of Logan, Queensland, Australia. In the , the suburb of Beenleigh had a population of 8,425 people. A government survey for the new town was conducted in 1866. The town is the terminus for the Beenle ...
, Beaudesert, Gold Coast, Logan,
Scenic Rim The Scenic Rim is a group of forested mountain ranges of the Great Dividing Range, located south of Brisbane agglomeration, straddling the border between south-eastern Queensland and north-eastern New South Wales, Australia. In 2021, the Sce ...
, Albert River, Coolangatta, Coomera,
Logan River The Logan River (Yugambeh dialect, Yugambeh: ''Dugulumba'') is a perennial river in the Scenic Rim Region, Scenic Rim, City of Logan, Logan and City of Gold Coast, Gold Coast local government areas of the South East Queensland, South East region ...
,
Pimpama Pimpama ( ) is a northern Suburbs and localities (Australia), suburb in the City of Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia. The name is of Aboriginal origin. The suburb contains numerous schools with the first opening in the 1870s. A small farmi ...
, Tamborine and Tweed River Valley, within the local government boundaries of the
City of Gold Coast The City of Gold Coast is the Local government in Australia, local government area spanning the Gold Coast, Queensland, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia, and surrounding areas. With a population of 606,774, it is the second most populous local ...
,
City of Logan The City of Logan is a local government in Australia, local government area (LGA) located in the south of Greater Brisbane in South East Queensland (SEQ), Australia. Situated between the City of Brisbane to the north and the City of Gold Coast ...
,
Scenic Rim The Scenic Rim is a group of forested mountain ranges of the Great Dividing Range, located south of Brisbane agglomeration, straddling the border between south-eastern Queensland and north-eastern New South Wales, Australia. In 2021, the Sce ...
Regional Council and the Tweed River Valley.


Early settlement

Coolangatta was one of the earliest settlements on the Gold Coast. Once again focused on a steep headland at Point Danger the area was occupied by Europeans from at least 1828 by a convict station and red cedar getters soon followed.


Wreck of the ''Coolangatta''

On 18 August 1846, the schooner ''Coolangatta'' was wrecked on Kirra / Bilinga Beach adjacent to a creek during a storm. A topsail
schooner A schooner ( ) is a type of sailing ship, sailing vessel defined by its Rig (sailing), rig: fore-and-aft rigged on all of two or more Mast (sailing), masts and, in the case of a two-masted schooner, the foremast generally being shorter than t ...
of in length and , ''Coolangatta'' was built by John Blinksell in 1843 for
Alexander Berry Alexander Berry (30 November 1781 – 17 September 1873) was a Scottish-born surgeon, merchant and List of explorers, explorer who was given in 1822 a land grant of 10,000 acres (40 km2) and 100 convicts to establish the first European set ...
whose property,
Coolangatta Estate The Coolangatta Estate at Coolangatta, near Shoalhaven Heads was established in 1822 by Alexander Berry on the South Coast of New South Wales, Australia. Coolangatta Estate is located on the northern bank of the Shoalhaven River, in the foothi ...
, adjoined Coolangatta mountain located on the northern bank of the
Shoalhaven River The Shoalhaven River is a perennial stream, perennial river that rises from the Southern Tablelands and flows into an open mature wind wave, wave dominated estuary#Lagoon-type or bar-built, barrier estuary near Nowra on the South Coast, New Sou ...
, New South Wales. On 6 July 1846, the ship sailed under Captain Steele from
Brisbane Brisbane ( ; ) is the List of Australian capital cities, capital and largest city of the States and territories of Australia, state of Queensland and the list of cities in Australia by population, third-most populous city in Australia, with a ...
, carrying two
convict A convict is "a person found guilty of a crime and sentenced by a court" or "a person serving a sentence in prison". Convicts are often also known as "prisoners" or "inmates" or by the slang term "con", while a common label for former convicts ...
prisoners (George Craig in irons, and William George Lewis), to load red cedar logs at the Tweed River for Sydney. Steele found the river entrance closed by
silt Silt is granular material of a size between sand and clay and composed mostly of broken grains of quartz. Silt may occur as a soil (often mixed with sand or clay) or as sediment mixed in suspension (chemistry), suspension with water. Silt usually ...
forming a
bar Bar or BAR may refer to: Food and drink * Bar (establishment), selling alcoholic beverages * Candy bar ** Chocolate bar * Protein bar Science and technology * Bar (river morphology), a deposit of sediment * Bar (tropical cyclone), a laye ...
, so he anchored in the lee of Point Danger off Kirra Beach. Red cedar logs were then hauled overland from Terranora Inlet and rafted from the beach, but in six weeks less than half of the contracted 70,000 feet of red cedar had been loaded. Meanwhile, five ships loaded with red cedar were bar-bound inside the river. On 18 August 1846, while Steel was ashore, a south-east gale blew up. Steele's boat was damaged while getting through the surf and he watched from the beach as the gale intensified. Eventually, the prisoners were freed and all hands abandoned ship and swam for shore as the anchors dragged. The ship parted its anchors and washed ashore near what was later called Coolangatta Creek. The survivors walked north to Amity Point in six days, fed each night by different groups of friendly
indigenous Australians Indigenous Australians are people with familial heritage from, or recognised membership of, the various ethnic groups living within the territory of contemporary Australia prior to History of Australia (1788–1850), British colonisation. The ...
, and were taken into Brisbane on board the ''Tamar''.


Township develops

Selectors followed in the 1860s and a small settlement was established. In 1883 a township was surveyed. A map of the town in 1885 shows the results of a recent land sale where several town lots were sold. Government
surveyor Surveying or land surveying is the technique, profession, art, and science of determining the terrestrial two-dimensional or three-dimensional positions of points and the distances and angles between them. These points are usually on the ...
Henry Schneider named the area Coolangatta after the shipwreck while surveying in 1883 for the land auction in March 1884. As a
border town A border town is a town or city close to the boundary between two countries, states, or regions. Usually the term implies that the nearness to the border is one of the things the place is most famous for. With close proximities to a different coun ...
Coolangatta included a customs office, boatshed and government wharf.


Twentieth century

The South Coast railway was extended from
Nerang railway station Nerang railway station is located on the Gold Coast line in Queensland, Australia. It serves the Gold Coast suburb of Nerang. History Nerang station opened on 16 December 1997 when the Gold Coast line was extended from Helensvale. It serv ...
to
Tweed Heads Tweed Heads is a coastal city at the mouth of the Tweed River in the Northern Rivers region of the state of New South Wales, Australia. Tweed Heads is the northernmost town in New South Wales, and is located in the Tweed Shire local government ...
in New South Wales and opened on 10 August 1903. Coolangatta railway station was located to the south of the intersection of Griffith and Dutton Streets (). The terminus Tweed Heads railway station was in Tweed Heads near Thomson Street (). The railway guaranteed the success of Coolangatta as a holiday township and it flourished from that time forward. The Tweed Heads Surf and Life Saving Club was established on Friday 26 January 1909. Tweed Heads and Coolangatta Surf Life Saving Club building opened on 13 September 1911. Guesthouses and hotels were erected and a commercial centre soon followed. Land was advertised for sale in December 1912, being allotments in sections 3, 14, 25, 6 & 17 town of Coolangatta and portion 44 (special lease) parish of Tallebudgera, with 7 allotments facing either Marine Parade or Griffith Street. A further 35 allotments immediately south of Coolangatta railway station and 2 further allotments facing McLean Street were also advertised for sale. Prior to 1914, Coolangatta was administered by the Nerang Divisional Board, which became the
Shire of Nerang The Shire of Nerang was a local government area in South East Queensland, Australia. The shire existed as a local government entity from 1879 until 1949. History On 11 November 1879, the Nerang Division was created as one of 74 divisions withi ...
in 1903. In 1914, Coolangatta had its own
local government Local government is a generic term for the lowest tiers of governance or public administration within a particular sovereign state. Local governments typically constitute a subdivision of a higher-level political or administrative unit, such a ...
, the
Town of Coolangatta The Town of Coolangatta was a local government area in South East Queensland, Australia, centred on Coolangatta. It existed from 1914 to 1949. History On 11 November 1879, the Nerang Division was created as one of 74 divisions within Queensl ...
, but in 1949 it was amalgamated into the
Town of South Coast The Town of South Coast was a local government area in South East Queensland, Australia. History On 11 November 1879, the Nerang Division and Coomera Division were created as two of 74 divisions within Queensland under the ''Divisional Boards ...
, which later became
City of Gold Coast The City of Gold Coast is the Local government in Australia, local government area spanning the Gold Coast, Queensland, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia, and surrounding areas. With a population of 606,774, it is the second most populous local ...
. The ''Coolangatta Star'' newspaper was published from 1916 to 1927. In May 1927, the Tweed Heads and Coolangatta star amalgamated with the '' Coolangatta Chronicle'' to become the ''Border Star''. The ''Border Star'' newspaper ceased publication in 1942. In January 1919, the border between Queensland and New South Wales was closed to all traffic in response to the
1918 flu pandemic The 1918–1920 flu pandemic, also known as the Great Influenza epidemic or by the common misnomer Spanish flu, was an exceptionally deadly global influenza pandemic caused by the Influenza A virus subtype H1N1, H1N1 subtype of the influenz ...
in an attempt to stop the spread of the disease north into Queensland. People found themselves stranded on the one side of the border unable to return to their homes or employment on the other side. Quarantine stations and camps were established to house travelers and stranded residents. One impact on the border closure was the need to duplicate services across the twin towns on the Queensland side of the border, as at 1 February 1919, Coolangatta had no doctor, no pharmacist, no milkman, no butcher and no undertaker. Nor did Coolangatta have a school nor a post office. The border remained closed until May 1919. One of the services that required duplication was a school for 56 children living in Coolangatta but attending school in Tweed Heads. Previously on 28 June 1918 the Queensland Department of Public Instruction had indicated their intention to establish a school at Coolangatta but no progress had been made. When the Coolangatta children were unable to return to their Tweed Heads school in February 1919, the Coolangatta Town Council made a meeting room available in their council chambers for use as a temporary school room and the Queensland Department of Public Instruction sent school furniture and one teacher from Brisbane, and Coolangatta Provisional School commenced operation on 10 February 1919. The next task was to construct a school building with two classrooms on the school reserve at 1 Garrick Street (corner of Powell Street, ) on Kirra Hill. Although expected to be completed in six months, it was not until the start of the 1920 school year that the new Coolangatta State School opened with 67 students under headmaster Claude de Jersey and another teacher. It was officially opened on 2 October 1920 by
Queensland Governor The governor of Queensland is the representative of the monarch, currently King Charles III, in the state of Queensland. In an analogous way to the governor-general at the national level, the governor performs constitutional and ceremonial func ...
Matthew Nathan Lieutenant-Colonel Sir Matthew Nathan (3 January 1862 – 18 April 1939) was a British soldier and colonial administrator, who variously served as the governor of Sierra Leone, Gold Coast, Hong Kong, Natal and Queensland. He was Under-Secre ...
. Growth in the school over the decades subsequently led to its relocation to Stapylton Street, officially opening there on 26 November 1977. The old school bell from Kirra Hill was relocated to the Stapylton Street where it remains in daily use. There was a
stump-capping ceremony Queenslander architecture is a modern term for a type of residential housing, widespread in Queensland, Australia. It is also found in the northern parts of the adjacent state of New South Wales, and shares many traits with architecture in oth ...
held for the Coolangatta Methodist Memorial Church on Sunday 8 June 1924. The church was officially opened at 26-28 Lanham Street () on Sunday 27 September 1924 by Reverend Dr George Edward Rowe. Following the Methodist Church amalgamating into the
Uniting Church in Australia The Uniting Church in Australia (UCA) is a united church in Australia. The church was founded on 22 June 1977 when most Wiktionary:congregation, congregations of the Methodist Church of Australasia, about two-thirds of the Presbyterian Church o ...
in 1977, the church became Coolangatta Uniting Church. In June 1988 the Uniting Church in Coolangatta and Tweed Heads merged to form the Twin Towns Uniting Church. In 1992 the growing population in
Banora Point Banora Point is a suburb located in the Northern Rivers region of New South Wales, Australia in Tweed Shire. Together with Tweed Heads South and Terranora it had a combined population of 27,368 in 2001, including 21,457 (78.4%) Australian-bo ...
in New South Wales resulted in the decision to open a Uniting Church there and in the late 1990s, that church became a parish in its own right with the Twin Towns parish now serving only Coolangatta. On Monday 31 April 1925
Archbishop In Christian denominations, an archbishop is a bishop of higher rank or office. In most cases, such as the Catholic Church, there are many archbishops who either have jurisdiction over an ecclesiastical province in addition to their own archdi ...
James Duhig Sir James Duhig KCMG (2 September 187110 April 1965) was an Irish-born Australian Roman Catholic religious leader. He was the Archbishop of Brisbane for 48 years from 1917 until his death in 1965. At the time of his death he was the longest- ...
laid the foundation stone of St Augustine's Catholic Church. On Sunday 19 December 1926 Duhig returned to officially open and bless the church. The church was built in a commanding position overlooking the Pacific Ocean in the Italian Romanesque style. The tower is high. St Augustine's Catholic School was established in 1926 by the
Daughters of Our Lady of the Sacred Heart The Congregation of the Daughters of Our Lady of the Sacred Heart is a Roman Catholic religious institute founded in Issoudun, France, on 30 August 1874 by Servant of God Jules Chevalier (1824-1907), the Founder of the Missionaries of the Sacred He ...
. From 1950 the school was operated by Missionary Franciscan Sisters of the Immaculate Conception. On 27 January 1987 the school relocated to a new site in Currumbin Waters. In 1992 the sisters ended their association with the school which is now under
lay Lay or LAY may refer to: Places *Lay Range, a subrange of mountains in British Columbia, Canada * Lay, Loire, a French commune *Lay (river), France * Lay, Iran, a village * Lay, Kansas, United States, an unincorporated community * Lay Dam, Alaba ...
administration. The foundation stone of St Peter's Anglican Church at 34 Lanham Street (corner of Dutton Street, ) was laid on 31 October 1937 by
Archbishop In Christian denominations, an archbishop is a bishop of higher rank or office. In most cases, such as the Catholic Church, there are many archbishops who either have jurisdiction over an ecclesiastical province in addition to their own archdi ...
William Wand John William Charles Wand, (25 January 1885 – 16 August 1977) was an English Anglican bishop. He was the Archbishop of Brisbane in Australia before returning to England to become the Bishop of Bath and Wells and, later, Bishop of London. ...
. It was dedicated in 1938 by Wand. Its closure circa 2013 was approved by Archbishop Philip Aspinall. An unnamed cyclone crossed the coast at Coolangatta on the night of 20 February 1954. The storm quickly cleared from Queensland skies but moved south, causing widespread loss of life and flooding in New South Wales. The railway line closed in 1961 due to the rising use of cars. Little remains of the earliest structures at Coolangatta but some evidence remains of subsequent development in the early years of the twentieth century including the Coolangatta Hotel, Kirra Beach Hotel and St Augustine's Catholic Church (Coolangatta). In addition to the former Coolangatta State School, the Anzac Memorial (Coolangatta),
Jazzland Coolangatta Jazzland Dance Hall, also known as Jazzland Dance Palais, was a dance hall located in Coolangatta, Queensland. The venue was built in 1928 and was used as an entertainment venue throughout the first half of the twentieth century. Though no long ...
, the Kirra Beach Pavilion, Kirra Beach Shelter Shed and the remains of Jack Evans Porpoise Pool are on the Gold Coast Local Heritage Register. The border fence and gates that until recently were a characteristic of the area have now been removed but the sense of the border remains at Boundary Street running along the ridge of the headland between Queensland and New South Wales. The headland itself is an important landmark and tourist destination and is the site of the Point Danger Lighthouse. Coolangatta symbolises the terminus of the Gold Coast and the long strip of beach that begins at Main Beach forty kilometres to the north. Coolangatta and its surrounds were the home of two early tourist attractions on the Gold Coast. Jack Evans Porpoise Pool which was built at
Snapper Rocks Snapper Rocks is a small rocky outcrop on the northern side of Point Danger at the southern end of Rainbow Bay on the Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia. It is a famous surf break and today the start of the large sand bank known to surfers as ...
in 1957 and Gilltraps Auto Museum which was established at Kirra in 1959. Coolangatta Special School opened on 1 January 1979 on the Kirra Hill site vacated by the Coolangatta State School. On 1 July 2006 the school was relocated to Currumbin Waters and renamed Currumbin Community Special School. Following local agitation from the "Save Kirra Hill" group, the school buildings at the Kirra Hill site were transferred to the
Gold Coast City Council The City of Gold Coast is the Local government in Australia, local government area spanning the Gold Coast, Queensland, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia, and surrounding areas. With a population of 606,774, it is the second most populous local ...
in 2008 for community purposes. The Council spent $3 million in restoration and refurbishment before officially opening the site as the Kirra Hill Cultural and Community Centre in October 2011. The Kirra Hill site is listed on the
Gold Coast Local Heritage Register The Gold Coast Local Heritage Register is a heritage register containing a list of culturally-significant places within the City of Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country compr ...
. To commemorate the centenary of Coolangatta, in 1984 a stone from the
Coolangatta Estate The Coolangatta Estate at Coolangatta, near Shoalhaven Heads was established in 1822 by Alexander Berry on the South Coast of New South Wales, Australia. Coolangatta Estate is located on the northern bank of the Shoalhaven River, in the foothi ...
homestead was donated by the citizens of
Coolangatta Coolangatta is a coastal suburb in the City of Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia. It is the Gold Coast's southernmost suburb and it borders New South Wales. In the , Coolangatta had a population of 6,491 people. History Coolangatta is situat ...
near
Berry, New South Wales Berry is a small Australian village in the Shoalhaven region of the New South Wales South Coast, located south of the state capital, Sydney. It has many historical buildings which are listed on the New South Wales Heritage Register. Berry attrac ...
and was mounted on a plinth of granite from
Aberdeen Aberdeen ( ; ; ) is a port city in North East Scotland, and is the List of towns and cities in Scotland by population, third most populous Cities of Scotland, Scottish city. Historically, Aberdeen was within the historic county of Aberdeensh ...
, Scotland, the birthplace of
Alexander Berry Alexander Berry (30 November 1781 – 17 September 1873) was a Scottish-born surgeon, merchant and List of explorers, explorer who was given in 1822 a land grant of 10,000 acres (40 km2) and 100 convicts to establish the first European set ...
.


Twenty-first century

The Coolangatta library opened in 2013. During 2020 and 2021, the Queensland borders were closed to most types of traffic due to the
COVID-19 pandemic The COVID-19 pandemic (also known as the coronavirus pandemic and COVID pandemic), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), began with an disease outbreak, outbreak of COVID-19 in Wuhan, China, in December ...
. Border crossing points were either closed or had a
Queensland Police The Queensland Police Service (QPS) is the principal law enforcement agency responsible for policing the Australian state of Queensland. In 1990, the Queensland Police Force was officially renamed the Queensland Police Service and the old motto ...
checkpoint to allow entry to those with an appropriate permit. Griffith Street at Coolangatta was one of the police checkpoints, while other crossing points were closed.


Geography

Coolangatta and its immediate neighbouring "Twin Town"
Tweed Heads Tweed Heads is a coastal city at the mouth of the Tweed River in the Northern Rivers region of the state of New South Wales, Australia. Tweed Heads is the northernmost town in New South Wales, and is located in the Tweed Shire local government ...
in
New South Wales New South Wales (commonly abbreviated as NSW) is a States and territories of Australia, state on the Eastern states of Australia, east coast of :Australia. It borders Queensland to the north, Victoria (state), Victoria to the south, and South ...
have a shared economy. The Tweed River supports a thriving
fishing fleet A fishing fleet is an aggregate of commercial fishing Ship, vessels. The term may be used of all vessels operating out of a particular port, all vessels engaged in a particular type of fishing (as in the "tuna fishing fleet"), or all fishing vessel ...
, and the seafood is a local specialty offered in the restaurants and clubs of the holiday and retirement region on both sides of the state border. There are three hills in Coolangatta: * Kirra Hill ( ) at above sea level on the coast, which was named in 1883 by surveyor Schneider (1883) using an Aboriginal word which might mean ''
white cockatoo The white cockatoo (''Cacatua alba''), also known as the umbrella cockatoo, is a medium-sized all-white cockatoo endemic to tropical rainforest on islands of Indonesia. When surprised, it extends a large and striking head crest, which has a se ...
'' or ''fire'' * Greenmount Hill ( ) at above sea level on the coast, which was named for the Greenmount Guest House, operated from 1905 by Patrick J. Fagan, and named after his birthplace in
County Meath County Meath ( ; or simply , ) is a Counties of Ireland, county in the Eastern and Midland Region of Republic of Ireland, Ireland, within the Provinces of Ireland, province of Leinster. It is bordered by County Dublin to the southeast, County ...
, Ireland * Murraba ( ) at above sea level on the border with New South Wales Point Danger is a headland on the Queensland/New South Wales border (). It was widely believed to be named by Lieutenant
James Cook Captain (Royal Navy), Captain James Cook (7 November 1728 – 14 February 1779) was a British Royal Navy officer, explorer, and cartographer famous for his three voyages of exploration to the Pacific and Southern Oceans, conducted between 176 ...
on his 1770 exploration of the eastern Australia coastline in HMS ''Endeavour'', but this is only partially correct. Cook did create the name, but he applied it to another headland further south (now known as
Fingal Head Fingal Head is a village on the Tasman Sea coast in the far northeast of New South Wales, Australia, about 5 km south of the New South Wales and Queensland border. The village is often just called Fingal. The headland and the small off-shor ...
). This was confirmed in the 1823 map produced by explorer
John Oxley John Joseph William Molesworth Oxley (1784 – 25 May 1828) was an English List of explorers, explorer and surveyor of Australia in the early period of British colonisation. He served as Surveyor General of New South Wales and is perhaps bes ...
. However a map published in 1831 based on the 1828 survey conducted on HMS Rainbow applied the name Point Danger to the headland north of the Tweed River. So while Cook created the name, he did not assign it to the current location. Rainbow Bay is offshore from the south-east of the suburb (). It was originally called Shark/Sharks Bay until 1926 when the Coolangatta Town Council decided to rename it after HMS Rainbow, a
sixth-rate In the rating system of the Royal Navy used to categorise sailing warships, a sixth-rate was the designation for small warships mounting between 20 and 28 carriage-mounted guns on a single deck, sometimes with smaller guns on the upper works an ...
frigate, commanded by Captain
Henry John Rous Admiral Henry John Rous (23 January 1795 – 19 June 1877) was an officer of the British Royal Navy, who served during the Napoleonic Wars, and was later a Member of Parliament and a leading figure in horse racing. Biography Family background a ...
, used in surveys of the area in 1828. There are three neighbourhoods within Coolangatta: * Kirra () which takes its name from Kirra Hill * Greenmount ( ) named after the guest house * Rainbow Bay ( ) named after the bay Point Danger Lighthouse is located on the Point Danger headland (). There are three beaches in the suburb, from west to east: * Kirra Beach () * Coolangatta Beach () * Greenmount Beach () There is a breakwater extending from Kirra Hill in the ocean which protects Coolangatta Beach from erosion (). The
Gold Coast Airport Gold Coast Airport (formerly known as Coolangatta Airport; ) is a Domestic airport, domestic and International airport, international Australian airport located at the southern end of the Gold Coast, Queensland, Gold Coast and approximately ...
, formerly known as Coolangatta Airport, is not located within the present suburb boundaries but within neighbouring Bilinga with part of the runway extending across the border into Tweed Heads in New South Wales.


Climate

Coolangatta has a
humid subtropical climate A humid subtropical climate is a subtropical -temperate climate type, characterized by long and hot summers, and cool to mild winters. These climates normally lie on the southeast side of all continents (except Antarctica), generally between ...
(
Köppen climate classification The Köppen climate classification divides Earth climates into five main climate groups, with each group being divided based on patterns of seasonal precipitation and temperature. The five main groups are ''A'' (tropical), ''B'' (arid), ''C'' (te ...
''Cfa'') with warm, wet summers and cool, moist winters. Although there is four times as much rainfall in March as there is in September, Coolangatta is still considered to have no dry season because there is more than a tenth of the rainfall of the wettest month in the driest month of the year.


Demographics

In the , Coolangatta had a population of 5,948 people. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people made up 2.2% of the population. The median age of people in Coolangatta was 50 years. 67.6% of people were born in Australia. The next most common countries of birth were New Zealand 4.3% and England 4.0%. 80.2% of people spoke only English at home. Other languages spoken at home included Portuguese at 1.7%. The most common responses for religion were No Religion 32.3%, Catholic 21.9% and Anglican 15.4%. In the , Coolangatta had a population of 6,491 people.


Education

Coolangatta State School is a government primary (Prep to Year 6) school for boys and girls at Stapylton Street (). In 2018, the school had an enrolment of 184 students with 19 teachers (14 full-time equivalent) and 11 non-teaching staff (8 full-time equivalent). There is no secondary school in Coolangatta. The nearest secondary school is
Palm Beach Currumbin State High School Palm Beach Currumbin State High School is an independent public, co-educational, secondary school, located in the Gold Coast suburb of Palm Beach, in Queensland, Australia. It is administered by the Department of Education, with an enrolment ...
in Palm Beach to the north-west. The Coolangatta campus of TAFE Queensland is a technical college at 5 Scott Street ().


Facilities

Coolangatta Magistrates Court is at 136 Musgrave Street (). Coolangatta Police Station is on the corner of Musgrave and Mclean Streets ().


Amenities

The
Gold Coast City Council The City of Gold Coast is the Local government in Australia, local government area spanning the Gold Coast, Queensland, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia, and surrounding areas. With a population of 606,774, it is the second most populous local ...
operate a public library () on Level 1 of the Strand Shopping Centre (between Marine Parade and Griffith Street, ). Coolangatta Post Office is at (). There are four surf life saving clubs: * Kirra Surf Life Saving Club is on Kirra Beach () * Coolangatta Surf Life Saving Club is on Coolangatta Beach () * Tweed Heads Coolangatta Surf Life Saving Club (also known as Greenmount Surf Club) is on Greenmount Beach () * Rainbow Bay Surf Life Saving Club is on Rainbow Bay () The Coolangatta branch of the
Queensland Country Women's Association The Queensland Country Women's Association (QCWA) is the Queensland chapter of the Country Women's Association in Australia. The association seeks to serve the interests of women and children in rural areas in Australia through a network of loca ...
meets at their hall at 169 Griffith Street (). St Augustine's Catholic Church is on the corner of Mclean and Tweed Streets (). Twin Towns Coolangatta Uniting Church is at 26-28 Lanham Street (corner of McLean Street, ).


Sport

Coolangatta has many sports teams.
Coolangatta Tweed Heads Australian Football Club Coolangatta-Tweed Heads Football Club is an Australian rules football club based in Gold Coast, Queensland. The team currently competes in the AFL Queensland AFL Queensland Limited (AFLQ) is the governing body of Australian rules footba ...
is a Gold Coast based club competing in the
AFL Queensland AFL Queensland Limited (AFLQ) is the governing body of Australian rules football in Queensland formed in 2000 and based at Leyshon Park in the Brisbane suburb of Yeronga. AFL Queensland has over 216,000 participants (including Northern River ...
Australian rules football Australian football, also called Australian rules football or Aussie rules, or more simply football or footy, is a contact sport played between two teams of 18 players on an Australian rules football playing field, oval field, often a modified ...
competition. The Coolangatta Tweed Barbarians compete in the
Gold Coast and District Rugby Union The Gold Coast and District Rugby Union, or GCDRU, is the local Sports governing body, governing body for the sport of rugby union on Australia's Gold Coast, Queensland, Gold Coast. The GCRU runs a club rugby competition for men's teams with thr ...
. The Coolangatta Surf Life Saving Club compete in the Winter Swimming Association of Australia Championships. Coolangatta Bowls Club is on the corner of Scott and Warner Streets (). Coolangatta Croquet Club is at 42 Lanham Street (). The
Coolangatta & Tweed Heads Golf Club Coolangatta & Tweed Heads Golf Club is a club on Australia's east coast near the New South Wales/Queensland border. It is located in NSW at Tweed Heads South, New South Wales. It was formed in 1926. It has hosted several notable tournaments inc ...
is at Soorley Street in Tweed Heads South.


Events

Coolangatta hosts a number of sporting events:
The Coolangatta Gold The Coolangatta Gold is one of the premier events in the sport of Ironman (surf lifesaving). The event is organised by Surf Life Saving Australia. The Event History In 1984, Peter Schrek was writing a movie featuring the talents of ironman ...
(surf life saving),
Quiksilver Pro Gold Coast Quiksilver Pro Gold Coast was a surfing competition in the World Surf League that was held at Coolangatta, Queensland, Coolangatta in Queensland, Australia. In August 2021 it was announced that this event would be canceled. Results See also ...
(surfing),
Roxy Pro Gold Coast Roxy Pro Gold Coast is a surfing competition on the World Surf League Championship Tour. The event is held every year at Coolangatta in Queensland, Australia. Naming Since the birth of this competition it had different names. Results See ...
(surfing), and
Beach Cricket Tri-Nations series The XXXX Gold Beach Cricket Tri-Nations series was a beach cricket competition created and sponsored by Australian beer brand XXXX. It was launched on 27 September 2006, and the event coincided with the 2006–07 Ashes series being played in Aus ...
(beach cricket). Each June, Coolangatta hosts the Cooly Rocks On Festival, a two-week 1950s and 1960s nostalgia festival with free entertainment and attractions, including
hot rod Hot rods are typically American cars that might be old, classic, or modern and that have been rebuilt or modified with large engines optimized for speed and acceleration. One definition is: "a car that's been stripped down, souped up and ma ...
s, restored cars and revival bands playing music of the era. Billy cart races have been organised on Boundary Street in Coolangatta, with the most recent occurrences of these organised in association with the Cooly Rocks On Festival.


Attractions

The beaches are major attractions of Coolangatta. Popular lookouts and viewpoints include: * Kirra Hill * Greenmount Hill * Snapper Rocks ( ), named after HM Colonial Cutter Snapper which passed by Point Danger in July 1822 under the command of W.L. Edwardson * Point Danger Lighthouse * Kirra Beach Pavilion on Marine Parade () * Razorback Lookout on Razorback Road in neighbouring Tweed Heads ()


Heritage listings

There are a number of heritage sites in Coolangatta, including: * Boundary Street (New South Wales border): Captain Cook Memorial and Lighthouse * Boundary Street (median strip): Francis Edward Roberts Commemorative Plaque * Garrick Street (median strip to north of Musgrave Street): Powell Brothers Commemorative Trees * 1 Garrick Street: former Coolangatta State & Special School * Lanham Street (Godwin Park): Coolangatta War Memorial * Marine Parade (Kirra Beach): Kirra Beach Pavilion * Marine Parade (Kirra Beach road reserve): Kirra Shelter Shed * Marine Parade (Queen Elizabeth Park): ANZAC Memorial * Marine Parade (Queen Elizabeth Park): Wreck of the Coolangatta Fragment * Marine Parade (Queen Elizabeth Park and Pat Fagan Park): Norfolk Pines Coolangatta Foreshore * Marine Parade (Pat Fagan Park, Greenmount Hill): United States Navy Coolangatta Leave Area Greenmount Hill Camp No. 4 Picnic Shelter * Marine Parade (): Tweed Heads and Coolangatta Surf Life Saving Club (formerly Greenmount Surf Life Saving Club) * 31–33 Mclean Street (): former Jazzland Dance Hall * 58 McLean Street: St Augustine's Church * Mouth of Coolangatta Creek, North Kirra Beach: Site of the Wreck of the ''Coolangatta'' *
Snapper Rocks Snapper Rocks is a small rocky outcrop on the northern side of Point Danger at the southern end of Rainbow Bay on the Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia. It is a famous surf break and today the start of the large sand bank known to surfers as ...
(): Remains of Jack Evans Porpoise Pool


In popular culture

Coolangatta is featured in the song ''It's Hot in Brisbane but it's Coolangatta'', recorded in 1953 by Gwen Ryan, Claude Carnell's Orchestra and additional vocals from Doug Roughton's Hokey Pokey Club.National Film and Sound Archive
Does your town have its own song?
Funded by 39 businesses, it is believed to be the first jingle written to promote an Australian tourist destination. In 2008 the song was used as the theme for a Gold Coast Heritage exhibition about the 1950s, 1960s and 1970s on the Gold Coast, featuring oral histories and objects of Gold Coast residents. The sport-romance film
The Coolangatta Gold The Coolangatta Gold is one of the premier events in the sport of Ironman (surf lifesaving). The event is organised by Surf Life Saving Australia. The Event History In 1984, Peter Schrek was writing a movie featuring the talents of ironman ...
was set in the town. Coolangatta was also used as the fictitious town of Porpoise Spit in the 1994 film ''
Muriel's Wedding ''Muriel's Wedding'' is a 1994 comedy-drama film written and directed by P.J. Hogan. The film, which stars Toni Collette, Bill Hunter and Rachel Griffiths, focuses on the socially awkward Muriel whose ambition is to have a glamorous wedding ...
''.


References


Sources

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External links


University of Queensland: Queensland Places: CoolangattaNational Film and Sound Archive: "It's Hot in Brisbane but it's Coolangatta"
(embedded audio 2 mins 37 secs)
Coolangatta: that's the place for me
– music score, digitised and held by the State Library of Queensland
Heritage Tour — Coolangatta
{{Authority control 1883 establishments in Australia Populated places established in 1883 Coastline of Queensland