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Bury (, ) is a
market town A market town is a settlement most common in Europe that obtained by custom or royal charter, in the Middle Ages, a market right, which allowed it to host a regular market; this distinguished it from a village or city. In Britain, small rura ...
on the
River Irwell The River Irwell ( ) is a tributary of the River Mersey in north-west England. It rises at Irwell Springs on Deerplay Moor, approximately north of Bacup and flows southwards for to meet the Mersey near Irlam Locks. The Irwell marks the bound ...
in the
Metropolitan Borough of Bury The Metropolitan Borough of Bury is a metropolitan borough of Greater Manchester in England. It is north of Manchester, to the east of Bolton and west of Rochdale. The borough is centred around the town of Bury, Greater Manchester, Bury but also ...
,
Greater Manchester Greater Manchester is a ceremonial county in North West England. It borders Lancashire to the north, Derbyshire and West Yorkshire to the east, Cheshire to the south, and Merseyside to the west. Its largest settlement is the city of Manchester. ...
, England. which had a population of 81,101 in 2021 while the wider borough had a population of 193,846. The town was originally part of the county of
Lancashire Lancashire ( , ; abbreviated ''Lancs'') is a ceremonial county in North West England. It is bordered by Cumbria to the north, North Yorkshire and West Yorkshire to the east, Greater Manchester and Merseyside to the south, and the Irish Sea to ...
but has been in the metropolitan county of Greater Manchester since 1974. Bury emerged in the
Industrial Revolution The Industrial Revolution, sometimes divided into the First Industrial Revolution and Second Industrial Revolution, was a transitional period of the global economy toward more widespread, efficient and stable manufacturing processes, succee ...
as a
mill town A mill town, also known as factory town or mill village, is typically a settlement that developed around one or more List of types of mill#Manufacturing facilities, mills or factories, often cotton mills or factories producing textiles. Europe ...
manufacturing
textiles Textile is an Hyponymy and hypernymy, umbrella term that includes various Fiber, fiber-based materials, including fibers, yarns, Staple (textiles)#Filament fiber, filaments, Thread (yarn), threads, and different types of #Fabric, fabric. ...
. The town is known for the open-air Bury Market and black pudding, the traditional local dish. Sir Robert Peel was born in the town. Peel was a
Prime Minister of the United Kingdom The prime minister of the United Kingdom is the head of government of the United Kingdom. The prime minister Advice (constitutional law), advises the Monarchy of the United Kingdom, sovereign on the exercise of much of the Royal prerogative ...
who founded the Metropolitan Police and the Conservative Party. A
memorial A memorial is an object or place which serves as a focus for the memory or the commemoration of something, usually an influential, deceased person or a historical, tragic event. Popular forms of memorials include landmark objects such as home ...
and
monument A monument is a type of structure that was explicitly created to commemorate a person or event, or which has become relevant to a social group as a part of their remembrance of historic times or cultural heritage, due to its artistic, historical ...
for Peel, the former stands outside Bury Parish church and the latter overlooks the borough on Holcombe Hill. The town is east of
Bolton Bolton ( , locally ) is a town in Greater Manchester in England. In the foothills of the West Pennine Moors, Bolton is between Manchester, Blackburn, Wigan, Bury, Greater Manchester, Bury and Salford. It is surrounded by several towns and vill ...
, south-west of
Rochdale Rochdale ( ) is a town in Greater Manchester, England, and the administrative centre of the Metropolitan Borough of Rochdale. In the United Kingdom 2021 Census, 2021 Census, the town had a population of 111,261, compared to 223,773 for the wid ...
and north-west of
Manchester Manchester () is a city and the metropolitan borough of Greater Manchester, England. It had an estimated population of in . Greater Manchester is the third-most populous metropolitan area in the United Kingdom, with a population of 2.92&nbs ...
.


History


Toponymy

The name ''Bury'' (also earlier known as ''Buri'' and ''Byri'') comes from an
Old English Old English ( or , or ), or Anglo-Saxon, is the earliest recorded form of the English language, spoken in England and southern and eastern Scotland in the Early Middle Ages. It developed from the languages brought to Great Britain by Anglo-S ...
word, meaning ''castle'', ''stronghold'' or ''fort'', an early form of modern English ''borough'' ( German ''burg'').


Early history

Bury was formed around the ancient market place but there is evidence of activity dating back to the period of Roman occupation. Bury Museum has a Roman urn containing a number of small bronze coins dated for AD 253–282 and found north of what is now the town centre. Under
Agricola Agricola, the Latin word for farmer, may also refer to: People Cognomen or given name :''In chronological order'' * Gnaeus Julius Agricola (40–93), Roman governor of Britannia (AD 77–85) * Sextus Calpurnius Agricola, Roman governor of the m ...
the road-building programme included a route from the
fort A fortification (also called a fort, fortress, fastness, or stronghold) is a military construction designed for the defense of territories in warfare, and is used to establish rule in a region during peacetime. The term is derived from La ...
at Manchester (
Mamucium Mamucium, also known as Mancunium, is a former Roman fort in the Castlefield area of Manchester in North West England. The ''Castra, castrum'', which was founded c. AD 79 within the Roman province of Roman Britain, was garrisoned by a ...
) to the fort at Ribchester ( Bremetennacum) which ran through Radcliffe and Affetside. The modern Watling Street, which serves the Seddons Farm estate on the west side of town, follows the approximate line of the Roman road. The most imposing building in the early town would have been Bury Castle, a medieval manor house built in 1469 for Sir Thomas Pilkington. It sat in a good defensive position on high ground overlooking the Irwell Valley. The Pilkington family suffered badly in the
Wars of the Roses The Wars of the Roses, known at the time and in following centuries as the Civil Wars, were a series of armed confrontations, machinations, battles and campaigns fought over control of the English throne from 1455 to 1487. The conflict was fo ...
when, despite geography, they supported the
House of York The House of York was a cadet branch of the English royal House of Plantagenet. Three of its members became kings of England in the late 15th century. The House of York descended in the male line from Edmund of Langley, 1st Duke of York ...
. When
Richard III Richard III (2 October 1452 – 22 August 1485) was King of England from 26 June 1483 until his death in 1485. He was the last king of the Plantagenet dynasty and its cadet branch the House of York. His defeat and death at the Battle of Boswor ...
was killed at the
Battle of Bosworth The Battle of Bosworth or Bosworth Field ( ) was the last significant battle of the Wars of the Roses, the civil war between the houses of Lancaster and York that extended across England in the latter half of the 15th century. Fought on 22 ...
in 1485, Thomas Pilkington was captured and later executed. The outcome of the battle was the Lancastrian Duke of Richmond being crowned Henry VII by Sir William Stanley. As a reward for the support of his family, Thomas Stanley was created Earl of Derby and, amongst other lands, the confiscated Pilkington estate in Bury was presented to him. The ancestral home of the Earls of Derby is
Knowsley Hall Knowsley Hall is a stately home near Liverpool in the Metropolitan Borough of Knowsley, Merseyside, England. It is the ancestral home of the Stanley family, the Earls of Derby. The hall is surrounded by of parkland, which contains the Knowsley S ...
on the outskirts of
Liverpool Liverpool is a port City status in the United Kingdom, city and metropolitan borough in Merseyside, England. It is situated on the eastern side of the River Mersey, Mersey Estuary, near the Irish Sea, north-west of London. With a population ...
. The family maintains a connection with Bury in various ways—the Derby High School is named after them. When the school opened in 1959 the 18th Earl of Derby was patron and the school's badge is based on the Earl's coat of arms. The 15th and 16th earls were both supporters of Bury Grammar School, both financially and in terms of land, and one of the school houses is named ''Derby'' in their honour. The town was formerly home to the Derby Hall and the ''Derby Hotel''. The castle remains were buried beneath the streets outside the Castle Armoury until properly excavated for the first time in the 1970s. Between 1801 and 1830, the population of the town more than doubled from 7,072 to 15,086. This was the time when the factories, mines and foundries, with their spinning machines and steam engines, began to dominate the landscape. In 1822 Bury Savings Bank opened on Silver Street established under government control and later became TSB.


Industrial Revolution

Probate evidence from the 17th century and the remains of 18th-century weavers' cottages in Elton, on the west side of Bury, indicate that domestic textile production was an important factor in the local economy at a time when Bury's textile industry was dominated by woollens, and based upon the domestic production of yarn and cloth, as well as water-powered fulling mills. Development was swift in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. The establishment in 1773 by the family of Sir Robert Peel of Brooksbottom Mill in Summerseat, north of the town, as a calico printing works marked the beginning of the cotton industry in Bury. By the early 19th century, cotton was the predominant textile industry, with the Rivers Roch and Irwell providing power for spinning mills and processing water for the finishing trades. Development was further promoted when the town was linked to the national canal network by the Manchester, Bolton & Bury Canal, fully opened in 1808. The canal was provided with water from Elton Reservoir, fed by aqueducts from a weir on the Irwell, north of what is now the Burrs Country Park. The Burrs is also the site of another mill developed by the Peel family, first founded in 1790. The remains are displayed for the public. There were seven cotton mills in Bury by 1818 and the population grew from 9,152 in 1801, to 20,710 in 1841, and then to 58,029 in 1901. Following this, railways were opened, linking the town from Bury Bolton Street railway station to Manchester (via Prestwich and Radcliffe), to Rawtenstall and to Accrington. From the Knowsley Street railway station there were connections to the neighbouring mill towns of Bolton, Heywood and Rochdale. As well as the many cotton mills, other industries which thrived included paper-making, calico printing and some light engineering. The town expanded to incorporate the former townships of Elton, Walmersley and Heap, and rows of terraced houses encircled the town centre by the turn of the 19th century. Districts such as Freetown, Fishpool and Pimhole were transformed from farmers' fields to rows of terraces beside the factories and mills. The houses were of the most limited kind, without basic facilities, sewers or proper streets. The result was the rapid spread of disease and high mortality rates in crowded areas. In 1838, out of 1,058
working class The working class is a subset of employees who are compensated with wage or salary-based contracts, whose exact membership varies from definition to definition. Members of the working class rely primarily upon earnings from wage labour. Most c ...
houses in Bury investigated by the Manchester Statistical Society, 733 had 3–4 people in each bed, 207 had 4–5, and 76 had 5–6. Social reformers locally and nationally were concerned about such issues, including
Edwin Chadwick Sir Edwin Chadwick Order of the Bath, KCB (24 January 18006 July 1890) was an English social reformer who is noted for his leadership in reforming the Poor Laws in England and instituting major reforms in urban sanitation and public health. A ...
. One report that prepared the ground for the reform of public health matters, commissioned by the then Prime Minister, Sir Robert Peel, asked local doctors for information. King Street, Bury, was highlighted: it had 10 houses, each with one bedroom, and a population of 69. The average age of death in Bury was 13.8 years. Towns like Bury were likened to 'camps' where newcomers sought work in mill, mine or forge. Many, often from Ireland, found shelter in lodging houses. Thirty-eight in Bury were surveyed. Seventy-three per cent had men and women sharing beds indiscriminately, 81% were filthy and the average was 5.5 persons to a bed. Although Bury had few of the classic late-19th-century spinning mills that were such a feature of other Lancashire towns, a group known as Peel Mills are still in use at Castlecroft Road. Immediately north of the town centre, their name is another reminder of the link with the Peel family.


Lancashire Fusiliers

According to writer Geoffrey Moorhouse, no history of Bury is complete without reference to its role as the regimental town of the Lancashire Fusiliers. In 1688, Prince William of Orange (later King William III) landed at
Brixham Brixham is a coastal town and civil parish in the borough of Torbay in the county of Devon, in the south-west of England. As of the 2021 census, Brixham had a population of 16,825. It is one of the main three centres of the borough, along with ...
,
Devon Devon ( ; historically also known as Devonshire , ) is a ceremonial county in South West England. It is bordered by the Bristol Channel to the north, Somerset and Dorset to the east, the English Channel to the south, and Cornwall to the west ...
. He asked Colonel Sir Robert Peyton to raise a regiment containing six independent companies in the Exeter area. This regiment absorbed the previously enscripted men housed at the Wellington Barracks, who would have been any men over the age of 21. These men became the Lancashire Fusiliers once they joined William's of Orange Men. Following successful recruitment, a regimental depot was established at Wellington Barracks in 1881. This barracks were originally built as a response to the Chartist movement, who were a mass movement of working-class men who protested via petition signatures. The People's Charter called for six reforms to make the political system more democratic: # A vote for every man aged twenty-one years and above, of sound mind, and not undergoing punishment for a crime. # The secret ballot to protect the elector in the exercise of his vote. # No property qualification for Members of Parliament to allow the constituencies to return the man of their choice. # Payment of Members, enabling tradesmen, working men, or other persons of modest means to leave or interrupt their livelihood to attend to the interests of the nation. # Equal constituencies, securing the same amount of representation for the same number of electors, instead of allowing less populous constituencies to have as much or more weight than larger ones. # Annual Parliamentary elections, thus presenting the most effectual check to bribery and intimidation, since no purse could buy a constituency under a system of universal manhood suffrage in every twelve months. Chartists saw themselves fighting against political corruption and for democracy in an industrial society, but attracted support beyond the radical political groups for economic reasons, such as opposing wage cuts and unemployment.


Recent history

The post-war period saw a major decline in the cotton industry and, as with many neighbouring towns, Bury's skyline was soon very different, with countless factory chimneys being pulled down and the associated mills closing their doors permanently. The old shopping area around Princess Street and Union Square was demolished in the late 1960s, and a concrete precinct was built to replace it. This development was replaced by the Mill Gate Shopping Centre in 1995. On 23 November 1981, an F0/T1 tornado formed over Whitefield and subsequently moved through Bury town centre and surrounding areas. In 2010 a £350m shopping development opened up around the Rock. The main street is populated mainly by independent shops and food outlets. At the top end of the street is a shopping area with a multi-screen cinema, bowling alley, and department stores including Marks & Spencer, Primark, H&M,
Boots A boot is a type of footwear. Most boots mainly cover the foot and the ankle, while some also cover some part of the lower calf. Some boots extend up the leg, sometimes as far as the knee or even the hip. Most boots have a heel that is clearl ...
, Clarks, Poundland, Body Shop and
Warren James Jewellers Warren most commonly refers to: * Warren (burrow), a network dug by rabbits * Warren (name), a given name and a surname, including lists of persons so named Warren may also refer to: Places Australia * Warren (biogeographic region) * Wa ...
. Bury also benefited from other facilities in the early 2010s including a new medical centre and office accommodation close to
Bury Town Hall Bury Town Hall is a municipal building in Knowsley Street, Bury, Greater Manchester, Bury, Greater Manchester, England. The town hall, which is the headquarters of Metropolitan Borough of Bury, is a locally listed building. History Until the mi ...
. A decision by Marks and Spencer to vacate its store in the Mill Gate Shopping Centre and move into a new larger one on The Rock emphasised a change of clientele in the town. The town centre is famous for its traditional market, with its "world famous" black pudding stalls. Bury Market was also once famous for its tripe, although this has declined in recent decades. The Bury Black Pudding Company, owned by the Chadwick family, provides black pudding to retailers such as
Harrods Harrods is a Listed building, Grade II listed luxury department store on Brompton Road in Knightsbridge, London, England. It was designed by C. W. Stephens for Charles Digby Harrod, and opened in 1905; it replaced the first store on the ground ...
, and to major supermarkets, and the market is a destination for people from all over Greater Manchester and beyond. The last 30 years have seen the town develop into an important
commuter town A commuter town is a populated area that is primarily residential rather than commercial or industrial. Routine travel from home to work and back is called commuting, which is where the term comes from. A commuter town may be called by many o ...
for neighbouring
Manchester Manchester () is a city and the metropolitan borough of Greater Manchester, England. It had an estimated population of in . Greater Manchester is the third-most populous metropolitan area in the United Kingdom, with a population of 2.92&nbs ...
. Large-scale housing development has taken place around Unsworth, Redvales, Sunny Bank, Brandlesholme, Limefield, Chesham and Elton. The old railway line to Manchester Victoria closed in 1990 and was replaced by the light rapid transit system Metrolink in 1992. The town was also linked to the motorway network with the opening of the M66, accessed from the east side of the town, in 1978.


Governance

The town was initially a parish, then a select vestry with a "board of guardians for the poor". Improvement commissioners were added before the borough charter was granted in 1876. In 1889, the town's status was raised to that of a county borough of Lancashire. The coat of arms was granted in 1877 and its symbols represent local industry. In the quarters are representations of the anvil (for forging), the golden fleece (the wool industry), a pair of crossed shuttles (the cotton industry) and a papyrus plant (the paper industry). Above them are a closed visor capped by a mayfly and two red roses. The Latin motto "''Vincit Omnia Industria''" translates as "''work conquers all''". With the passage of the
Local Government Act 1972 The Local Government Act 1972 (c. 70) is an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that reformed local government in England and Wales on 1 April 1974. It was one of the most significant acts of Parliament to be passed by the Heath Gov ...
, Bury merged with the neighbouring municipal boroughs of Radcliffe and Prestwich, together with the urban districts of Whitefield, Tottington and Ramsbottom in 1974 to become the
Metropolitan Borough of Bury The Metropolitan Borough of Bury is a metropolitan borough of Greater Manchester in England. It is north of Manchester, to the east of Bolton and west of Rochdale. The borough is centred around the town of Bury, Greater Manchester, Bury but also ...
. The borough is part of the
metropolitan county Metropolitan counties are a Subdivisions of England, subdivision of England which were originally used for Local government in England, local government. There are six metropolitan counties: Greater Manchester, Merseyside, South Yorkshire, Tyn ...
of
Greater Manchester Greater Manchester is a ceremonial county in North West England. It borders Lancashire to the north, Derbyshire and West Yorkshire to the east, Cheshire to the south, and Merseyside to the west. Its largest settlement is the city of Manchester. ...
. On 3 July 2008, a referendum was held in the borough to decide whether it should be ruled by a directly elected mayor. The proposal was rejected by the voters.


Geography

Bury is located on the edge of the western
Pennines The Pennines (), also known as the Pennine Chain or Pennine Hills, are a range of highland, uplands mainly located in Northern England. Commonly described as the "Vertebral column, backbone of England" because of its length and position, the ra ...
in
North West England North West England is one of nine official regions of England and consists of the ceremonial counties of England, ceremonial counties of Cheshire, Cumbria, Greater Manchester, Lancashire and Merseyside. The North West had a population of 7,4 ...
, in the northern part of the Greater Manchester Urban Area. Its position on the
River Irwell The River Irwell ( ) is a tributary of the River Mersey in north-west England. It rises at Irwell Springs on Deerplay Moor, approximately north of Bacup and flows southwards for to meet the Mersey near Irlam Locks. The Irwell marks the bound ...
has proved important in its history and development. Flowing from north to south, the river divides the town into two parts on the east and west sides of the valley, respectively. The town centre sits close to, and above, the river on the east side. Bury Bridge is a key bridging point, linking the east side of town and the town centre with the western suburbs and Bolton beyond. Other bridges across the river are few—there is one at Radcliffe Road to the south and one at Summerseat to the north. There is a bridge at the Burrs, but it serves a cul-de-sac and does not allow full east–west access. To the south, the main tributary (the River Roch, flowing from the east) joins the Irwell close to another significant bridging point, Blackford Bridge. This carries the main road south (the A56 road, A56) towards Manchester. Bury experiences a warm temperate climate with warm summers and cool winters owing to the shielding effect of the Pennines, Western Pennine Moors. Summer is the driest time of the year with low rainfall. Bury rarely experiences temperatures over , due to oceanic north easterly winds. In summer, the temperature is warm and Bury experiences much sun. Winters are cool; temperatures can drop below freezing between December and March. There is not much extreme weather in Bury; floods are rare since the town is on higher ground, although flood is occasionally seen in Ramsbottom. Early summer thunderstorms bring high rainfall. For purposes of the Office for National Statistics, Bury is part of the Greater Manchester Urban Area.


Demography

At the 2001 census the town of Bury had a total population of 77,211, whereas the wider Metropolitan Borough had a population of 183,200.


Landmarks

Attractions in Bury include: * Bury Art Museum, containing the Wrigley collection of paintings, which includes works by J. M. W. Turner, Edwin Henry Landseer, John Constable and Peter De Wint. The building, by Woodhouse and Willoughby in 1899, was described by Pevsner Architectural Guides, Pevsner as "probably the best building in Bury." * Bury Castle is a fortified manor house built in the mid-13th century by Sir Thomas Pilkington and is now protected as a scheduled monument; the foundations have been excavated and have been open to the public since 2000. * Church of St Mary the Virgin, Bury, Bury Parish Church, on the Market Place in the centre of the town, is a Grade I listed building. * Bury Market, Bury's 'World-Famous' Market has been in operation for nearly 600 years; the original licence for a market was granted in 1444. In 2006, of 1,150 markets in the UK, Bury Market was voted the best 'British Market of the Year' by the National Association of British Market Authorities. The market was also selected as BBC Radio 4's ''Food and Farming Awards'' Market of the Year in 2008. It receives over 1,000 coachloads of visitors every year. * Castlesteads, Greater Manchester, Castlesteads is an ancient promontory fort and scheduled monument. * Peel Monument, Peel Tower, Harcles Hill, above Holcombe, Greater Manchester, Holcombe village, Ramsbottom. The tower was built in remembrance of Sir Robert Peel, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom and founder of the Metropolitan Police, who was born in Bury and was responsible for the repeal of the Corn Laws in 1846. Hundreds of people climb to the tower each year on Good Friday. Historically this gathering had a principally religious purpose, since the hill was said to be strikingly similar to the hill that Jesus climbed (Calvary) before his crucifixion on Good Friday. * Whitehead Clock Tower stands in Whitehead Garden, separated from the Town Hall by a railway cutting. It was erected in 1913 as a memorial to Walter Whitehead, a surgeon of international repute who was born in the town. * East Lancashire Railway, a heritage railway which runs from the town to Heywood, Ramsbottom and Rawtenstall. Based at Bury Bolton Street railway station. * The Fusilier Museum, a regimental museum of the Lancashire Fusiliers on Moss Street in Bury. * Manchester Road, Silver Street and environs contain many examples of Georgian architecture, Late Georgian brick terrace and York stone housing. Bury is home to several fine sculptures and pieces of public art. Edward Hodges Baily's 1851 Peel Memorial, Bury, statue of Sir Robert Peel stands in the centre of town, while Edwin Lutyens, Lutyens' Lancashire Fusiliers War Memorial can be found outside the Fusilier Museum. George Frampton's 'cheering fusilier', a tribute to those who died in the Second Boer War, Boer War, stands in Whitehead Garden near the town hall. The Kay Monument, a solid pavilion with a stone dome capped with a bronze Pheme, Fame, commemorates John Kay (flying shuttle), John Kay, the inventor of the flying shuttle which revolutionised the weaving industry. Designed by William Venn Gough in 1908, it holds a number of sculpted bronze plaques by John Cassidy (artist), John Cassidy. Contemporary works include Ron Silliman's text piece ''From Northern Soul (Bury Neon)'' at Bury Interchange.


Transport

Bury is connected to other settlements via bus, bus services, Metrolink and East Lancashire Railway, the heritage railway. Between 1903 and 1949, the Bury Corporation Tramways network served the town. Bury Bolton Street railway station, first opened in 1846 and substantially rebuilt in the 1880s and again in the 1950s, is now home to the East Lancashire Railway, a heritage railway which serves Heywood, Ramsbottom and Rawtenstall but does not provide a regular commuter service. The station is the original railway station of Bury and was a mainline station until 1980, although after December 1966 passenger services were reduced to a commuter service to Manchester only (formerly there were services to Ramsbottom, Rawtenstall and Bacup to the north of Bury also from Bolton Street station). Bury was served by two major railway stations between 1848 and 1970, when Bury Knowsley Street railway station was closed. Bury Knowsley Street station had passenger services travelling east–west through Bury, connecting the town directly to both Bolton and Heywood. After October 1970 services to and from Manchester were the only passenger rail services connecting Bury to the national rail network. Bury to Manchester Victoria railway station, Manchester Victoria rail services were provided by British Rail Class 504, Class 504 units, which were third-rail operated, in the 1970s and 1980s. Bury Interchange opened in March 1980 close to the site of the former Knowsley Street station (which was demolished in the early 1970s). It was the replacement for the Bolton Street railway station (which was subsequently taken over the East Lancashire Railway heritage line in 1987), and initially incorporated a railway station, with services to Manchester Victoria, and a bus station. Third-rail-powered heavy rail passenger services integrated with the national rail network ceased in 1991, with Metrolink taking over the line and trams operating the line since April 1992. As a result, Bury has not had a conventional heavy rail link to the national network since 1991. Currently, most buses are run by the Bee Network (Which replaced those run by Diamond North West), Go North West, and Rosso (bus company), Rosso, (with some buses run by Vision Bus) connecting with destinations within Greater Manchester, Borough of Rossendale, Rossendale, Blackburn and Burnley. It is planned that all buses from Bury running within Greater Manchester will be incorporated into the Bee Network by March 2024. The bus station is connected to the Bury Interchange Metrolink tram stop, to provide a vast complex of inter-modal transport. There is also a free car park at the rear of the complex and a cycle hub for parking bikes during the day. The station is located in the centre of Bury, close to Bury Market, the Millgate Shopping Centre, the Rock and the main square. Manchester Metrolink operates trams to Altrincham and Piccadilly from Bury. There is generally a service every 6 minutes from Bury to Manchester city centre, with every other tram continuing to Altrincham.


Education

;Colleges * Bury College, formed from a merger of Bury Technical College, Peel Sixth Form College and Stand Sixth Form College * Bury Grammar School has existed since 1570. * Bury Grammar School (Girls), formerly Bury Girls' High School, opened in 1884. * Holy Cross College (UK), Holy Cross College, formerly Bury Convent Grammar School (In 2008, Holy Cross College was named the second best college in the country in relation to students' academic performance.) ;High schools located in the town include: *Broad Oak High School *Bury Church of England High School * Bury Grammar School (Independent) *Bury Grammar School (Girls) (Independent) *Derby High School, Bury, Derby High School *Elton High School *St Gabriel's RC High School, Bury, St Gabriel's RC High School *Tottington High School *Woodhey High School


Sport

Bury F.C. is the town's local Association football, football club. Bury play in the North West Counties Premier Division, the ninth tier of English football. Bury gained worldwide publicity in August 2019 when the club were expelled from the Football League due to unpaid debts and poor ownership. The Lancashire Spinners are a basketball team based in Bury. They compete in the second-tier English Basketball League Division 1, and have done so since promotion from Division 2 in 2015. The club have close ties with nearby Myerscough College. Bury Broncos are a Rugby League team based in the Prestwich area. Formed in 2008, they play in the North West Men's League and will compete in Division 1 in the 2021 season.


Culture


Performing arts

The Met (arts centre), The Met arts centre, based in the Derby Hall on Market Street, is a small performing arts venue promoting a programme of theatre, music and comedy events. The Met has hosted famous comedy acts such as Peter Kay, Jason Manford, Steve Coogan and Eddie Izzard in their days before fame.


Museums and galleries

Bury Art Museum is home to a fine collection of Victorian era, Victorian and 20th-century art, including works by J. M. W. Turner, Turner, John Constable, Constable and Edwin Landseer, Landseer. The Fusilier Museum, home to the collection of the Lancashire Fusiliers, commemorates over three hundred years of the regiment's history. The museum occupies the former School of Arts and Crafts on Broad Street. The Bury Transport Museum, part of the East Lancashire Railway, holds a collection of vintage vehicles and interactive displays. It is housed in the restored and Grade II-listed 1848 Castlecroft Goods Shed.


Music

The 2008 Mercury Music Prize-winning group ''Elbow (band), Elbow'', fronted by Guy Garvey, hails from Bury. In 2009, the group was awarded the Freedom of the Borough after their 2008 album ''The Seldom Seen Kid'' won several accolades including a Brit Award for British Group, Brit Award and the Mercury Prize. Bury hosts several music festivals yearly, including the Glaston-Bury Festival on the August bank holiday weekend, and Head for the Hills Festival (previously known as Ramsbottom Festival) closing the festival season in mid-September. While Glaston-Bury hosts mainly local/upcoming bands, Head for the Hills hosts a wider range of talent, including bands such as Soul II Soul, The Proclaimers and Maxïmo Park. The festival also has a popular silent disco, where DJs battle for the larger audience. For the past two years, this battle has largely been dominated by the DJ team ''BABs'', a brother and sister partnership from the local village of Edenfield.


Food

Bury is known for its black puddings so much so, that it is not uncommon to see it marketed as "''Bury Black Pudding''" on a menu. Bury simnel cake is a variant of the cake originating in Bury. The town was also notable for tripe, though there is little demand for this in modern times.


Media


Television

Local news and television programmes are provided by BBC North West and ITV Granada. Television signals are received from the Winter Hill transmitting station, Winter Hill TV transmitter.


Radio

Bury is served by the local radio stations: *BBC Radio Manchester *Heart North West *Smooth North West *Tower FM, Greatest Hits Radio Bolton & Bury *Capital Manchester and Lancashire *Rochdale Valley, a community-based radio station which broadcast from its studios in
Rochdale Rochdale ( ) is a town in Greater Manchester, England, and the administrative centre of the Metropolitan Borough of Rochdale. In the United Kingdom 2021 Census, 2021 Census, the town had a population of 111,261, compared to 223,773 for the wid ...
.


Newspapers

''The Bury Times'' is the local newspaper including regional newspapers ''Manchester Evening News'' and ''North West Enquirer''.


Notable people

* Sir Robert Peel (1788–1850), the 19th century
Prime Minister of the United Kingdom The prime minister of the United Kingdom is the head of government of the United Kingdom. The prime minister Advice (constitutional law), advises the Monarchy of the United Kingdom, sovereign on the exercise of much of the Royal prerogative ...
best known today for the repeal of the Corn Laws and his introduction of the modern police force (hence the terms "Bobbies" and "Peelers"), was born in Bury. He is also notable for forming the famous British Police division, 'Scotland Yard' in London. A monument, Peel Monument, Peel Tower, now exists to his memory. As this is situated nearly 1,000 feet above sea level, it is easily recognisable for miles around. The tower itself was not built for Sir Robert, but to provide work for local workers and was later dedicated to him. A Peel Memorial, Bury, statue of Peel stands in Market Place, outside the ''Robert Peel'' public house. The statue of Sir Robert has his waistcoat fastening the wrong way round. * John Kay (flying shuttle), John Kay (1704 – 1779), the inventor of the flying shuttle, one of the key inventions of the
Industrial Revolution The Industrial Revolution, sometimes divided into the First Industrial Revolution and Second Industrial Revolution, was a transitional period of the global economy toward more widespread, efficient and stable manufacturing processes, succee ...
. He was born to a yeoman farming family at Park, a Hamlet (place), hamlet just north of Bury, on 16 June 1704. A memorial to John Kay stands in the heart of Bury in Kay Gardens. He also features as one of twelve subjects of the Manchester Murals by Ford Madox Brown which decorate the Great Hall of Manchester Town Hall and depict the history of the city. The piece shows Kay being smuggled to safety as rioters, who feared their jobs were in danger, sought to destroy looms whose invention he had made possible. This was a key moment in the struggle between labour and new technology. He eventually fled to France and died in poverty. * James Wood (mathematician), James Wood (1760–1839), mathematician, Dean of Ely, Cambridgeshire, Ely and Master of St John's College, Cambridge, was born at Holcombe, Greater Manchester, Holcombe, Bury. A pupil at Bury Grammar School, he won an exhibition to St John's College and was a college tutor from 1789 to 1814. During this time he published ''The Principles of Mathematics and Natural Philosophy''. He was appointed Dean of Ely in 1820. He served as Master of St John's from 1815 and left his library to the college upon his death. * Professor Sir John Charnley (1911–1982), born the son of a Bury pharmacist. He wrote ''The Closed Treatment of Common Fractures'', first published in 1950, which became a standard text for the subject. His subsequent achievement in developing hip replacement surgery, in 1962, is acknowledged as a ground breaking development that changed the approach to orthopaedic surgery. He established a centre for hip surgery at Wrightington Hospital, near Wigan where he worked. He was knighted for his work in 1977. The John Charnley Research Institute at Wrightington Hospital near Wigan, was named in his honour. *Andrew Higginson (businessman), Andrew Higginson (born 1957), businessman and chairman of Wm Morrison Supermarkets plc, Wm Morrison Supermarkets Plc * Cherie Blair (born 1954), barrister and wife of former Prime Minister Tony Blair.


Sport

* Cyrus Ainsworth, cricketer * Nicky Ajose, former Charlton Athletic footballer and coach at Exeter City F.C. * Andy Goram, Scottish international footballer * James Guy (swimmer), James Guy, Olympic gold medal swimmer in the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo * Barrie Kelly, sprinter who competed in the 1968 Summer Olympics in Mexico City, and the 1966 British Empire and Commonwealth Games, 1966 and 1970 British Commonwealth Games, 1970 Commonwealth Games in Jamaica and Edinburgh, respectively * Rico Lewis, footballer for Manchester City F.C., Manchester City * Gary Neville, former Manchester United F.C. captain * Phil Neville, former Manchester United F.C. and Everton F.C. player and captain, and younger brother of Gary Neville * Tracey Neville, netball international and sister of Gary and Phil Neville * Scott Quigg, the current British super-bantamweight boxing champion and WBA Interim World Champion * Lawrie Smith, yachtsman. He learnt to sail at Elton Sailing Club, Bury, and won a bronze medal at the Barcelona Olympics in 1992, and the Fastnet Race. * Callum Styles, footballer for Millwall F.C., Millwall and Hungary national football team, Hungary international * Alan Tonge, footballer for Exeter City and Manchester United * Kieran Trippier, footballer for Newcastle United and England national football team, England international * Adam Yates, professional cyclist and twin brother of Simon Yates * Simon Yates (cyclist), Simon Yates, professional cyclist and twin brother of Adam Yates.


Writers

* Richmal Crompton (1890–1969), author, was born on Manchester Road, Bury; a blue plaque marks the house. Her father, Rev. Edward John Sewell Lamburn, taught Classics at Bury Grammar School. * Thomas Thompson (writer), Thomas Thompson, writer (1880–1951), author and broadcaster, born in Bury and lived there for his whole life.


Actors

* Gemma Atkinson, actress and model * Antony Cotton, actor and television host best known as Sean Tully in ''Coronation Street'' * Helen Flanagan, actress best known as Rosie Webster in ''Coronation Street'' * Steve Halliwell, actor best known as Zak Dingle in ''Emmerdale'' * Ralf Little, actor, best known for playing Antony Royle in ''The Royle Family'' and Johnny Keogh in ''Two Pints of Lager and a Packet of Crisps'' * Matt Littler, an actor best known as Max Cunningham in ''Hollyoaks'', was a pupil of Elton High School. * Jamie Lomas, actor best known as Warren Fox in ''Hollyoaks''. He is the brother of Charley Webb. * Jennie McAlpine, an actress best known as Fiz in ''Coronation Street'', was a pupil of St Gabriel's Roman Catholic High School, Bury. * Christian McKay, actor. He studied piano as a youth and had performed the Rachmaninoff Piano Concerto No. 3 in concert at the age of 21. He played Orson Welles in the film ''Me and Orson Welles''. * Nigel Pilkington, actor, writer and voice actor * Lisa Riley, actress and television presenter best known as Mandy Dingle in ''Emmerdale'' * Suzanne Shaw, originally famous for winning the show ''Popstars'' and being a member of Hear'say. Shaw became the star of West End shows as well as a singer, actress and television presenter. * Charley Webb, actress best known for playing Debbie Dingle in ''Emmerdale''. She is the sister of Jamie Lomas. * Layton Williams, known for playing the role of Stephen Carmichael in the television series Bad Education and his work in the West End theatre. * Victoria Wood, comedian, composer and actor. Although from nearby Prestwich, Bury has the honour of hosting a statue of the celebrated comedian and writer, which stands opposite Bury's central library.


Music

* Guy Garvey, the lead singer of alternative rock band Elbow (band), Elbow * John Howard (singer-songwriter), John Howard, singer-songwriter * Christian Savill, guitarist with Slowdive * Peter Skellern, singer-songwriter and pianist * Ian Wallace (drummer), Ian Wallace, rock drummer with King Crimson, Don Henley, Bob Dylan and others, attended Bury Grammar School. * David Whittaker (video game composer), David Whittaker, video game composer * Elliot James Reay, singer-songwriter


Members of Parliament

* Sir David Trippier (born 1945), former Member of Parliament (United Kingdom), Member of Parliament (MP) for Rossendale and Darwen (UK Parliament constituency), Rossendale and Darwen. Educated at Bury Grammar School * David Crausby (born 1946), MP for Bolton North East (UK Parliament constituency), Bolton North East was born in Bury. Educated at the Derby High School * David Chaytor (born 1949), former MP for Bury North (UK Parliament constituency), Bury North was born in Bury. Educated at Bury Grammar School * Alistair Burt (born 1955), former MP 2001–2019 for North East Bedfordshire (UK Parliament constituency), North East Bedfordshire was born in Bury and was head boy, School Captain of Bury Grammar School. Prior to losing his seat to David Chaytor in 1997 he represented his hometown as MP for Bury North (UK Parliament constituency), Bury North from 1983.


Twin towns

The Metropolitan Borough of Bury has five twin towns, in China, France, Germany and the United States.Bury Council : ''Twinning : United States of America''
Retrieved 8 January 2010
Two of these were originally twinned with a place within the Metropolitan Borough prior to its creation in 1974.


See also

* Listed buildings in Bury * Healthcare in Greater Manchester * Bury power station


References

Sources
Town Population figure

Bury Savings Bank


Further reading

* * *


External links


Bury Metropolitan Borough Council



Bury and District Local History Society

Bury Archives Online
{{Authority control Bury, Greater Manchester, Towns in Greater Manchester Market towns in Greater Manchester Unparished areas in Greater Manchester Former civil parishes in Greater Manchester Geography of the Metropolitan Borough of Bury