Aguardiente De Ojén
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( Portuguese) or (
Spanish Spanish might refer to: * Items from or related to Spain: **Spaniards are a nation and ethnic group indigenous to Spain **Spanish language, spoken in Spain and many countries in the Americas **Spanish cuisine **Spanish history **Spanish culture ...
) (; ; ) is a type of distilled alcoholic spirit that contains between 29% and 60%
alcohol by volume Alcohol by volume (abbreviated as alc/vol or ABV) is a common measure of the amount of Alcohol (drug), alcohol contained in a given alcoholic beverage. It is defined as the volume the ethanol in the liquid would take if separated from the rest ...
(ABV). It is a somewhat generic term that can refer to liquors made from various foods. It originates from and is typically consumed on the
Iberian Peninsula The Iberian Peninsula ( ), also known as Iberia, is a peninsula in south-western Europe. Mostly separated from the rest of the European landmass by the Pyrenees, it includes the territories of peninsular Spain and Continental Portugal, comprisin ...
(
Portugal Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic, is a country on the Iberian Peninsula in Southwestern Europe. Featuring Cabo da Roca, the westernmost point in continental Europe, Portugal borders Spain to its north and east, with which it share ...
and
Spain Spain, or the Kingdom of Spain, is a country in Southern Europe, Southern and Western Europe with territories in North Africa. Featuring the Punta de Tarifa, southernmost point of continental Europe, it is the largest country in Southern Eur ...
) and in
Iberian America Ibero-America (, ) or Iberian America is generally considered to be the region in the Americas comprising countries or territories where Spanish or Portuguese are predominant languages (usually former territories of Spain or Portugal). Spain and ...
(Spanish- and Portuguese-speaking countries of the Americas).


Etymology

The word is a compound of the Iberian languages' words for "water" ( in Castilian; in Catalan; in Portuguese; in Galician) and "burning"/"fiery" ( in Castilian; in Catalan; in Portuguese and Galician). A comparable word in English is "firewater", though the English term is colloquial or humorous, whereas ''aguardiente'' is stylistically neutral in Spanish.


Definition

''Aguardientes'' are strong alcoholic beverages obtained by
fermentation Fermentation is a type of anaerobic metabolism which harnesses the redox potential of the reactants to make adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and organic end products. Organic molecules, such as glucose or other sugars, are catabolized and reduce ...
then
distillation Distillation, also classical distillation, is the process of separating the component substances of a liquid mixture of two or more chemically discrete substances; the separation process is realized by way of the selective boiling of the mixt ...
of sugared or sweet
must Must is freshly crushed Juice, fruit juice (usually grape juice) that contains the skins, seeds, and stems of the fruit. The solid portion of the must is called pomace and typically makes up 7–23% of the total weight of the must. Making must ...
s, vegetable macerations, or mixtures of the two. This is the most generic level; by this definition, ''aguardientes'' may be made from many different sources. Fruit-based aguardientes include those made from
oranges The orange, also called sweet orange to distinguish it from the bitter orange (''Citrus × aurantium''), is the fruit of a tree in the family Rutaceae. Botanically, this is the hybrid ''Citrus'' × ''sinensis'', between the pomelo (''Citrus m ...
,
grape A grape is a fruit, botanically a berry, of the deciduous woody vines of the flowering plant genus ''Vitis''. Grapes are a non- climacteric type of fruit, generally occurring in clusters. The cultivation of grapes began approximately 8,0 ...
s,
banana A banana is an elongated, edible fruit – botanically a berry – produced by several kinds of large treelike herbaceous flowering plants in the genus '' Musa''. In some countries, cooking bananas are called plantains, distinguishing the ...
s, or medronho ("cane apple"). Grain-based ones may be made from
millet Millets () are a highly varied group of small-seeded grasses, widely grown around the world as cereal crops or grains for fodder and human food. Most millets belong to the tribe Paniceae. Millets are important crops in the Semi-arid climate, ...
,
barley Barley (), a member of the grass family, is a major cereal grain grown in temperate climates globally. It was one of the first cultivated grains; it was domesticated in the Fertile Crescent around 9000 BC, giving it nonshattering spikele ...
, or
rice Rice is a cereal grain and in its Domestication, domesticated form is the staple food of over half of the world's population, particularly in Asia and Africa. Rice is the seed of the grass species ''Oryza sativa'' (Asian rice)—or, much l ...
and tuber-based aguardientes from
beet The beetroot (British English) or beet (North American English) is the taproot portion of a '' Beta vulgaris'' subsp. ''vulgaris'' plant in the Conditiva Group. The plant is a root vegetable also known as the table beet, garden beet, dinner ...
,
manioc ''Manihot esculenta'', common name, commonly called cassava, manioc, or yuca (among numerous regional names), is a woody shrub of the spurge family, Euphorbiaceae, native to South America, from Brazil, Paraguay and parts of the Andes. Although ...
, or
potato The potato () is a starchy tuberous vegetable native to the Americas that is consumed as a staple food in many parts of the world. Potatoes are underground stem tubers of the plant ''Solanum tuberosum'', a perennial in the nightshade famil ...
, and finally what are classed as "true" ''aguardientes'' from
sugarcane Sugarcane or sugar cane is a species of tall, Perennial plant, perennial grass (in the genus ''Saccharum'', tribe Andropogoneae) that is used for sugar Sugar industry, production. The plants are 2–6 m (6–20 ft) tall with stout, jointed, fib ...
and other sweet canes, including some species of
bamboo Bamboos are a diverse group of mostly evergreen perennial plant, perennial flowering plants making up the subfamily (biology), subfamily Bambusoideae of the grass family Poaceae. Giant bamboos are the largest members of the grass family, in th ...
. ''Cane aguardiente'' and ''
cachaça ''Cachaça'' () is a Liquor, distilled spirit made from fermented sugarcane juice. Also known as ''pinga'', ''caninha'', and other names, it is the most popular spirit in Brazil.Cavalcante, Messias Soares. Todos os nomes da cachaça. São Pau ...
'' are similar but distinct products. Brazil defined ''cane aguardiente'' as an alcoholic beverage of between 38% and 54% ABV, obtained by simple fermentation and distillation of sugarcane that has already been used in sugar production and has a distinct flavor similar to
rum Rum is a liquor made by fermenting and then distilling sugarcane molasses or sugarcane juice. The distillate, a clear liquid, is often aged in barrels of oak. Rum originated in the Caribbean in the 17th century, but today it is produced i ...
. ''Cachaça'', on the other hand, is an alcoholic beverage of between 38% and 48% ABV, obtained by fermenting and distilling sugarcane juice, and may have
added sugar Added sugars or free sugars are sugar carbohydrates (caloric sweeteners) added to food and beverages at some point before their consumption. These include added carbohydrates ( monosaccharides and disaccharides), and more broadly, sugars nat ...
up to 6 g/L.


Regulation

According to Spanish and Portuguese versions of European Union spirits regulations, ''aguardiente'' and ''aguardente'' are generic Spanish and Portuguese terms, respectively, for some of the distilled spirits that are fermented and distilled exclusively from their specified raw materials, contain no added alcohol or flavoring substances, and if sweetened, only "to round off the final taste of the product". However, ''aguardiente'' and ''aguardente'' are not legal denominations. Instead, different categories of ''aguardientes'' (spirits in the English version) are established according to raw materials. In the Spanish version, wine spirit (
brandy Brandy is a liquor produced by distilling wine. Brandy generally contains 35–60% alcohol by volume (70–120 US proof) and is typically consumed as an after-dinner digestif. Some brandies are aged in wooden casks. Others are coloured ...
) is ''aguardiente de vino'',
fruit spirit Fruit brandy (or fruit spirit) is a distilled beverage produced from mash, juice, wine or residues of edible fruits. The term covers a broad class of spirits produced across the world, and typically excludes beverages made from grapes, which are ...
is ''aguardiente de fruta'', grain spirit (other than
whiskey Whisky or whiskey is a type of liquor made from Fermentation in food processing, fermented grain mashing, mash. Various grains (which may be Malting, malted) are used for different varieties, including barley, Maize, corn, rye, and wheat. Whisky ...
and
neutral grain spirit Rectified spirit, also known as neutral spirits, rectified alcohol or ethyl alcohol of agricultural origin, is highly concentrated ethanol that has been purified by means of repeated distillation in a process called rectification. In some countr ...
) is ''aguardiente de cereales'', etc. Many ''aguardentes'' have a
protected designation of origin The protected designation of origin (PDO) is a type of geographical indication of the European Union aimed at preserving the designations of origin of food-related products. The designation was created in 1992 and its main purpose is to designat ...
: *Portugal **''Aguardente Bagaceira Alentejo'' **''Aguardente Bagaceira Bairrada'' ( grape marc of
Bairrada Bairrada is a Portuguese wine region located in the Beira Litoral Province. The region has Portugal's highest wine classification as a '' Denominação de Origem Controlada'' (DOC), and its popularity has surged over the last years. It is small an ...
) **''Aguardente Bagaceira da Região dos Vinhos Verdes'' **''Aguardente de Vinho Ribatejo'' **''Aguardente de Vinho Alentejo'' **''Aguardente de Vinho Lourinhã'' **''Aguardente de Vinho Douro'' (wine spirit of
Douro The Douro (, , , ; ; ) is the largest river of the Iberian Peninsula by discharge. It rises near Duruelo de la Sierra in the Spanish Soria Province, province of Soria, meanders briefly south, then flows generally west through the northern par ...
) **''Aguardente de Vinho da Região dos Vinhos Verdes'' *Spain **''Aguardiente de sidra de Asturias'' (
cider Cider ( ) is an alcoholic beverage made from the Fermented drink, fermented Apple juice, juice of apples. Cider is widely available in the United Kingdom (particularly in the West Country) and Ireland. The United Kingdom has the world's highest ...
spirit of
Asturias Asturias (; ; ) officially the Principality of Asturias, is an autonomous communities of Spain, autonomous community in northwest Spain. It is coextensive with the provinces of Spain, province of Asturias and contains some of the territory t ...
) **''Aguardiente de hierbas de Galicia'' (herbal spirit of Galicia).


Regional variations

Some drinks named ''aguardiente'' or similar are of different origins (grape pomace, sugarcane); other drinks with the same origin may have different names (
clairin Clairin (, , ) is a distilled alcoholic spirit made from sugarcane produced in Haiti, that undergoes the same distillation process as rhum, although not as refined. There are between 500 and 600 micro-distilleries in Haiti, compared to fewer th ...
, brandy).


Brazil

In Brazil, a beverage known as ''
cachaça ''Cachaça'' () is a Liquor, distilled spirit made from fermented sugarcane juice. Also known as ''pinga'', ''caninha'', and other names, it is the most popular spirit in Brazil.Cavalcante, Messias Soares. Todos os nomes da cachaça. São Pau ...
'' or ''pinga'', considered distinct from traditional ''aguardiente'', is made from sugarcane. ''Cachaça'' has two varieties: unaged (white) and aged (gold). White ''cachaça'' is usually bottled immediately after distillation and tends to be cheaper. It is often used to prepare
caipirinha Caipirinha () is a Brazilian cocktail, of São Paulo (state), São Paulo origin, with cachaça (sugarcane hard liquor), sugar, Lime (fruit), lime, and ice. The drink is prepared by mixing the fruit and the sugar together, then adding the liquor. ...
and other beverages in which ''cachaça'' is an ingredient. Dark ''cachaça'', usually seen as the "premium" variety, is aged in wood barrels and is meant to be drunk
neat Neat may refer to: * Neat (bartending), a single, unmixed liquor served in a rocks glass * Neat, an old term for horned oxen * Neat Records, a British record label * Neuroevolution of augmenting topologies (NEAT), a genetic algorithm (GA) for t ...
. Traditionally, no herbs are used to flavor the ''cachaça''; its flavor is influenced by the fermentation agent, time spent in the cask, or the type of wood from which the barrel is made. One form that can be qualified as
moonshine Moonshine is alcohol proof, high-proof liquor, traditionally made or distributed alcohol law, illegally. The name was derived from a tradition of distilling the alcohol (drug), alcohol at night to avoid detection. In the first decades of the ...
is known as " Maria Louca" ("Crazy Mary"). This is ''aguardiente'', made in jails by inmates. It can be made from many cereals, ranging from beans to rice, or whatever can be converted into alcohol, be it fruit peels or candy, using improvised and illegal equipment.


Cape Verde

Grogue Grogue, also known as grogu or grogo (derived from English ''grog''), is a Cape Verde Cape Verde or Cabo Verde, officially the Republic of Cabo Verde, is an island country and archipelagic state of West Africa in the central Atlantic Ocea ...
, also known as grogu or grogo (derived from English grog), is a Cape Verdean alcoholic beverage, an ''aguardiente'' made from sugarcane processed in a
trapiche A trapiche is a mill made of wooden rollers used to extract juice from fruit, originally olives, and since the Middle Ages, sugar cane as well. By extension the word is also sometimes applied to the location of the mill, whether the workshop or t ...
. Its production is fundamentally artisanal, and nearly all the sugarcane is used in producing grogue.


Chile

In
Chile Chile, officially the Republic of Chile, is a country in western South America. It is the southernmost country in the world and the closest to Antarctica, stretching along a narrow strip of land between the Andes, Andes Mountains and the Paci ...
, ''aguardiente'' is an alcoholic beverage of 45% and higher ABV (beverages with over 55% ABV are illegal). It is made, like
Italian Italian(s) may refer to: * Anything of, from, or related to the people of Italy over the centuries ** Italians, a Romance ethnic group related to or simply a citizen of the Italian Republic or Italian Kingdom ** Italian language, a Romance languag ...
grappa Grappa is an alcoholic beverage: a fragrant, grape-based pomace brandy of Italian origin that contains 35 to 60 percent alcohol by volume (70 to 120 Alcohol proof, US proof). Grappa is a protected name in the European Union. Grappa is made by ...
, by distilling the grape residue, primarily the skins and pulp (') plus the stems (') and seeds, left over from winemaking after pressing the grapes. It is used to make several other flavored liquors, such as the '' murtado'' or ' (using sun-dried '' murtilla'', an orange-reddish wild rose fruit), the ' (soaking sun-dried morello cherries) and ''
licor de oro Licor de oro (English: ''Gold liqueur'') is a typical Chilotan liqueur made of aguardiente and whey. The other ingredients are saffron and lemon peel, giving the liqueur a yellow color. See also * Kitron * Lemon liqueur * List of lemon dishes ...
'' (flavored with saffron and lemon peel). Dried mint, peeled walnuts, almonds, and other aromatic herbs are also used to flavor the ''aguardiente''. It is mainly consumed by itself or as a base to make '' cola de mono'' ("monkey tail").


Colombia

In
Colombia Colombia, officially the Republic of Colombia, is a country primarily located in South America with Insular region of Colombia, insular regions in North America. The Colombian mainland is bordered by the Caribbean Sea to the north, Venezuel ...
, ''aguardiente'' is an
anise Anise (; '), also called aniseed or rarely anix, is a flowering plant in the family Apiaceae native to the eastern Mediterranean region and Southwest Asia. The flavor and aroma of its seeds have similarities with some other spices and herbs, ...
-flavored liqueur derived from sugarcane, popular in the Andean region. Different flavors are obtained by adding different amounts of aniseed, leading to extensive marketing and fierce competition between brands. ''Aguardiente'' has 24%–29% alcohol content. Other anise-flavored liqueurs similar to ''aguardiente'', but with a lower alcohol content, are also sold. Since the Spanish era, ''aguardiente'' has maintained the status of the most popular alcoholic beverage in the Andean regions of Colombia, with the notable exception of the Caribbean region, where rum is most popular. Generally, ''aguardiente'' is rarely drunk in cocktails and usually drunk neat. On the Caribbean coast, there is a moonshine called "Cococho", an ''aguardiente'' infamous for the number of blindness cases due to the addition of
methanol Methanol (also called methyl alcohol and wood spirit, amongst other names) is an organic chemical compound and the simplest aliphatic Alcohol (chemistry), alcohol, with the chemical formula (a methyl group linked to a hydroxyl group, often ab ...
.


Costa Rica

In
Costa Rica Costa Rica, officially the Republic of Costa Rica, is a country in Central America. It borders Nicaragua to the north, the Caribbean Sea to the northeast, Panama to the southeast, and the Pacific Ocean to the southwest, as well as Maritime bo ...
, it is 30% alcohol, with a neutral flavor. The Costa Rican government tightly controls Guaro to help prevent clandestine production.


Guam and the Mariana Islands

In
Guam Guam ( ; ) is an island that is an Territories of the United States, organized, unincorporated territory of the United States in the Micronesia subregion of the western Pacific Ocean. Guam's capital is Hagåtña, Guam, Hagåtña, and the most ...
and the
Mariana Islands The Mariana Islands ( ; ), also simply the Marianas, are a crescent-shaped archipelago comprising the summits of fifteen longitudinally oriented, mostly dormant volcanic mountains in the northwestern Pacific Ocean, between the 12th and 21st pa ...
, a distilled version of ''
tubâ Tubâ () is a traditional Filipino cuisine, Filipino palm wine made from the naturally fermented sap of various species of palm trees. During the Spanish Empire, Spanish colonial period, tubâ was introduced to Guam, the Marianas, and Mexico vi ...
'' (coconut
palm wine Palm wine, known by several #Names, local names, is an alcoholic beverage created from the sap of various species of palm trees such as the Borassus, palmyra, date palms, and coconut palms. It is known by various names in different regions and ...
introduced from the
Philippines The Philippines, officially the Republic of the Philippines, is an Archipelagic state, archipelagic country in Southeast Asia. Located in the western Pacific Ocean, it consists of List of islands of the Philippines, 7,641 islands, with a tot ...
) is known as ''aguajente'' (also ''aguayente'' or ''agi''). It is similar to Filipino '' lambanóg''. It was prevalent among the
Chamorro people The Chamorro people (; also Chamoru) are the Indigenous peoples of Oceania, Indigenous people of the Mariana Islands, politically divided between the Territories of the United States, United States territory of Guam and the encompassing Norther ...
, but is largely extinct; the United States banned its manufacture soon after the acquisition of Guam from the
Spanish Empire The Spanish Empire, sometimes referred to as the Hispanic Monarchy (political entity), Hispanic Monarchy or the Catholic Monarchy, was a colonial empire that existed between 1492 and 1976. In conjunction with the Portuguese Empire, it ushered ...
in 1899. A local company "Aguayente distillers" has recently installed a commercial still and will soon start distilling liquor from locally grown potatoes.


Ecuador

In
Ecuador Ecuador, officially the Republic of Ecuador, is a country in northwestern South America, bordered by Colombia on the north, Peru on the east and south, and the Pacific Ocean on the west. It also includes the Galápagos Province which contain ...
, ''aguardiente'' is also derived from
sugar cane Sugarcane or sugar cane is a species of tall, Perennial plant, perennial grass (in the genus ''Saccharum'', tribe Andropogoneae) that is used for sugar Sugar industry, production. The plants are 2–6 m (6–20 ft) tall with stout, jointed, fib ...
, but unlike Colombia, it is left largely unflavoured. It is then taken straight as shots, mulled with
cinnamon Cinnamon is a spice obtained from the inner bark of several tree species from the genus ''Cinnamomum''. Cinnamon is used mainly as an aromatic condiment and flavouring additive in a wide variety of cuisines, sweet and savoury dishes, biscuits, b ...
(''canela'' in Spanish) and fruit juices to make the hot cocktail ''
canelazo ''Canelazo'' is a hot alcoholic beverage consumed in the Andean highlands of Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Argentine Northwest, northern Argentina. In Colombia and Ecuador It typically consists of ''aguardiente'' (sugar cane alcohol), sugar or ''pa ...
'', or mixed with the juice of naranjilla and
spices In the culinary arts, a spice is any seed, fruit, root, Bark (botany), bark, or other plant substance in a form primarily used for flavoring or coloring food. Spices are distinguished from herbs, which are the leaves, flowers, or stems of pl ...
for the hot cocktail ''draquita''. Locally or artisanally made ''aguardiente'' is commonly called ''punta'', "puro" or ''trago'', and alcohol content can vary widely, from "mild" ''puntas'' of about 10% to "strong" of about 40% or higher. The traditional distillation process produces ''aguardiente'' as strong as 60 g/L. Every Ecuadorian province has a slightly different flavor to the ''aguardiente'' made there, and each province has a different recipe for ''canelazo''. In Ecuador, ''aguardiente'' is the most commonly consumed strong alcohol.


Mexico

In
Mexico Mexico, officially the United Mexican States, is a country in North America. It is the northernmost country in Latin America, and borders the United States to the north, and Guatemala and Belize to the southeast; while having maritime boundar ...
, ''aguardiente'' goes by many names, including ''habanero''. In the state of
Michoacán Michoacán, formally Michoacán de Ocampo, officially the Free and Sovereign State of Michoacán de Ocampo, is one of the 31 states which, together with Mexico City, compose the Political divisions of Mexico, Federal Entities of Mexico. The stat ...
, ''
charanda Charanda is an alcoholic spirit derived from sugarcane, similar to rum. It is sometimes called aguardiente artisanal rum. Typically the beverage is associated with the central portion of the State of Michoacán in Mexico, particularly the Purép ...
'' is a traditional rum-like sugar cane ''aguardiente''. Casa Berreteaga marketed an ''aguardiente'' called "Berreteaga", which used sugarcane sourced from the Coxcatlan region of Puebla. Berreteaga was a fortified wine made from rum and sweet wine (usually Muscat) or (uncommonly) a sweet brandy that was then aged in oak barrels.


Portugal

Portuguese ''aguardente'' has several varieties. ''Aguardente vínica'' is distilled from either good quality or undrinkable wine. It is mostly used to fortify wines such as
port A port is a maritime facility comprising one or more wharves or loading areas, where ships load and discharge cargo and passengers. Although usually situated on a sea coast or estuary, ports can also be found far inland, such as Hamburg, Manch ...
or aged to make ''aguardente velha'' (old burning water), a kind of brandy. ''Aguardente bagaceira'' is made from
pomace Pomace ( ), or marc (; from French ''marc'' ), is the solid remains of grapes, olives, or other fruit after pressing (wine), pressing for juice or Vegetable oil, oil. It contains the skins, pulp, seeds, and stems of the fruit. Grape pomace has ...
to prevent waste after the close of wine season. It is usually bootlegged, as most drinkers only appreciate it in its traditional formulation of 50% to 80% ABV. A common way to drink it is as '' café com cheirinho'' ("coffee with a little scent"), a
liqueur coffee A liqueur coffee is a caffeinated alcoholic drink that consists of a Shooter (drink), shot of liqueur, mixed into coffee. It is typically served in a liqueur glass, often accompanied with cream and sugar. Coffee liqueur beverages are served in ...
made with
espresso Espresso (, ) is a concentrated form of coffee produced by forcing hot water under high pressure through finely ground coffee beans. Originating in Italy, espresso has become one of the most popular coffee-brewing methods worldwide. It is cha ...
. In the
Azores The Azores ( , , ; , ), officially the Autonomous Region of the Azores (), is one of the two autonomous regions of Portugal (along with Madeira). It is an archipelago composed of nine volcanic islands in the Macaronesia region of the North Atl ...
, this ''espresso-aguardente'' combination is commonly referred to as ''café com música'' ("coffee with music"). ''Aguardente Medronho'' is a variety distilled from the fruit of the ''
Arbutus unedo ''Arbutus unedo'', commonly known as strawberry tree, also called madrone, is an evergreen shrub or small tree in the family Ericaceae, native to the Mediterranean Basin and Western Europe. The tree is well known for its fruits, the arbutus berr ...
'' tree. In
Madeira Madeira ( ; ), officially the Autonomous Region of Madeira (), is an autonomous Regions of Portugal, autonomous region of Portugal. It is an archipelago situated in the North Atlantic Ocean, in the region of Macaronesia, just under north of ...
, it is the core ingredient for ''
poncha Poncha is a traditional alcoholic drink from the island of Madeira, made with aguardente de cana (distilled alcohol made from sugar cane juice), honey, sugar, and either orange juice or lemon juice. Some varieties include other fruit juices. I ...
'', a beverage around which a festival is based. Most of the ''aguardente'' from the region is made from sugarcane.


Spain

In certain areas of the
Pyrenees The Pyrenees are a mountain range straddling the border of France and Spain. They extend nearly from their union with the Cantabrian Mountains to Cap de Creus on the Mediterranean coast, reaching a maximum elevation of at the peak of Aneto. ...
in
Catalonia Catalonia is an autonomous community of Spain, designated as a ''nationalities and regions of Spain, nationality'' by its Statute of Autonomy of Catalonia of 2006, Statute of Autonomy. Most of its territory (except the Val d'Aran) is situate ...
, ''aiguardent'', as it is known in Catalan, is used as an essential ingredient in the preparation of ''
tupí Tupí, also known as ''formatge de tupí'', is a fermented cheese of a certain area of the Pyrenees and Pre-Pyrenees made from cows' or sheep's milk. It is a cheese traditionally prepared in the mountainous Pallars region, as well as in the Cerdan ...
'', a type of cheese. Galicia is renowned for the quality and variety of its ''augardentes''(Galician), or ''aguardientes'' (Spanish), including ''augardente de bagazo'' (''aguardiente de
Orujo Orujo is a pomace brandy (a liquor obtained from the distillation of marc, the solid remains left after pressing of the grape) from northern Spain. It is a transparent spirit with an alcohol content over 50% (100°US ; 87.6ºBritain and Common ...
''), which is obtained from the distillation of the pomace of grapes, and is clear and colorless. It typically contains over 50% alcohol, sometimes significantly more, and is still made traditionally in many villages across Galicia today. ''Augardente de herbas'', usually yellow, is a sweet liqueur made with ''augardente de bagazo'' and herbs (''herbas''), with
chamomile Chamomile (American English) or camomile (British English; see spelling differences) ( or ) is the common name for several plants of the family Asteraceae. Two of the species, '' Matricaria chamomilla'' and '' Chamaemelum nobile'', are commo ...
being a substantial ingredient. ''Licor café'' (typical distilled drink in the province of Ourense), black in color, is a sweet
liqueur A liqueur ( , ; ) is an alcoholic drink composed of Liquor, spirits (often rectified spirit) and additional flavorings such as sugar, fruits, herbs, and spices. Often served with or after dessert, they are typically heavily sweetened and un-age ...
made with ''augardente de bagazo'', coffee (''café''), and sugar. ''Crema de augardente'' or c''rema de caña'' is a cream liqueur based on ''augardente'', coffee, cream, milk, and other ingredients. It is similar to Irish cream liqueur. In some places in Galicia, a small glass is traditionally taken at breakfast as a tonic before a hard day's work on the land. The word "''orujo''" is Spanish and not Galician, but is used to distinguish Galician and some Spanish augardentes from those of other countries. "Bagazo" is the Galician for "Orujo".''Gastronomia Galega''
. Most of the moonshine in Spain is made as a byproduct of winemaking by distilling the squeezed skins of the grapes. The essential product is called "''orujo''" or "''aguardiente''" (burning water). The homemade versions are usually more potent and have a higher alcoholic content, well over the 40% that the commercial versions typically have. It is often mixed with herbs, spices, fruits, or other distillates. Types include '' pacharán'', ''licor de café'' and ''orujo de hierbas'' (tea mixed with orujo).


United States

During the
mission Mission (from Latin 'the act of sending out'), Missions or The Mission may refer to: Geography Australia *Mission River (Queensland) Canada *Mission, British Columbia, a district municipality * Mission, Calgary, Alberta, a neighbourhood * ...
and rancho periods of
California California () is a U.S. state, state in the Western United States that lies on the West Coast of the United States, Pacific Coast. It borders Oregon to the north, Nevada and Arizona to the east, and shares Mexico–United States border, an ...
history, ''aguardiente'' was made out of mission grapes. It was popular during the Gold Rush of 1849.


See also

*
Schnapps Schnapps ( or ) or schnaps is a type of alcoholic beverage that may take several forms, including distilled fruit brandies, herbal liqueurs, infusions, and "flavored liqueurs" made by adding fruit syrups, spices, or artificial flavorings to ...


References

{{Alcoholic beverages Galician cuisine Distilled drinks Spanish distilled drinks Portuguese distilled drinks Mexican distilled drinks Colombian cuisine Anise liqueurs and spirits Brazilian distilled drinks Chilean cuisine Galician words and phrases Catalan words and phrases Cape Verde distilled drinks Chilean distilled drinks Colombian distilled drinks Costa Rican distilled drinks Guam distilled drinks Mariana Island distilled drinks Ecuadorian distilled drinks Italian distilled drinks Sardinian distilled drinks American distilled drinks