Đorđe Andrejević Kun
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Đorđe Andrejević Kun (; 31 March 1904 – 17 January 1964) was a
Serbian Serbian may refer to: * Pertaining to Serbia in Southeast Europe; in particular **Serbs, a South Slavic ethnic group native to the Balkans ** Serbian language ** Serbian culture **Demographics of Serbia, includes other ethnic groups within the co ...
and Yugoslav painter and graphic artist, a participant in the
Spanish Civil War The Spanish Civil War () was a military conflict fought from 1936 to 1939 between the Republican faction (Spanish Civil War), Republicans and the Nationalist faction (Spanish Civil War), Nationalists. Republicans were loyal to the Left-wing p ...
and the National Liberation War in Yugoslavia and a member of the
Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts The Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts (; , SANU) is a national academy and the most prominent academic institution in Serbia, founded in 1841 as Society of Serbian Letters (, DSS). The Academy's membership has included Nobel Prize, Nobel la ...
. He is known for his paintings, graphic designs and
woodcuts Woodcut is a relief printing technique in printmaking. An artist carves an image into the surface of a block of wood—typically with Chisel#Gouge, gouges—leaving the printing parts level with the surface while removing the non-printing parts ...
. He designed the
coat of arms of Belgrade The coat of arms of Belgrade is the official symbol of the City of Belgrade and is stable in three levels - as Basic or Small, Medium and Large. The history of heraldic representation of Belgrade is long and goes back to the time when the city ...
, the emblem of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, the emblem of the Socialist Republic of Serbia and several Yugoslav orders and medals.


Biography


Early life

Kun was born on 31 March 1904 in
Wrocław Wrocław is a city in southwestern Poland, and the capital of the Lower Silesian Voivodeship. It is the largest city and historical capital of the region of Silesia. It lies on the banks of the Oder River in the Silesian Lowlands of Central Eu ...
(Breslau), then part of the
Kingdom of Prussia The Kingdom of Prussia (, ) was a German state that existed from 1701 to 1918.Marriott, J. A. R., and Charles Grant Robertson. ''The Evolution of Prussia, the Making of an Empire''. Rev. ed. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1946. It played a signif ...
, to Veljko Andrejević Kun and his wife Gertruda as the fourth of five children. Veljko was a graphic artist who moved to Germany in 1892 where he studied
engraving Engraving is the practice of incising a design on a hard, usually flat surface by cutting grooves into it with a Burin (engraving), burin. The result may be a decorated object in itself, as when silver, gold, steel, or Glass engraving, glass ar ...
. Đorde started displaying artistic talent at an early age. The Andrejević family moved to
Belgrade Belgrade is the Capital city, capital and List of cities in Serbia, largest city of Serbia. It is located at the confluence of the Sava and Danube rivers and at the crossroads of the Pannonian Basin, Pannonian Plain and the Balkan Peninsula. T ...
in 1914, where Veljko opened a printing house in Balkanska Street. After completing primary school, Đorđe completed four grades of high school and, in accordance to his father's wishes, learned the printing trade.


Studies and early works

Between 1921 and 1925, Kun studied painting at the Royal Art School in Belgrade, where he was taught by painters Petar Dobrović, Ljuba Ivanović and Milan Milovanović. Among his classmates were Stanislav Staša Beložanski, Anton Huter, Momčilo Moma Stevnović, Stanka Lučev and others. Milovanović and Ivanović in particular influenced Kun's artistic development, which is why later in his artistic career he wavered between form and color and between painting and graphics, while Dobrović had an influence on his social involvement. Thanks to a Belgrade benefactor, merchant lijia Rankic, he received a scholarship to study painting in Italy. For two full years, between 1925 and 1927, he stayed in
Rome Rome (Italian language, Italian and , ) is the capital city and most populated (municipality) of Italy. It is also the administrative centre of the Lazio Regions of Italy, region and of the Metropolitan City of Rome. A special named with 2, ...
,
Florence Florence ( ; ) is the capital city of the Italy, Italian region of Tuscany. It is also the most populated city in Tuscany, with 362,353 inhabitants, and 989,460 in Metropolitan City of Florence, its metropolitan province as of 2025. Florence ...
,
Milan Milan ( , , ; ) is a city in northern Italy, regional capital of Lombardy, the largest city in Italy by urban area and the List of cities in Italy, second-most-populous city proper in Italy after Rome. The city proper has a population of nea ...
and
Venice Venice ( ; ; , formerly ) is a city in northeastern Italy and the capital of the Veneto Regions of Italy, region. It is built on a group of 118 islands that are separated by expanses of open water and by canals; portions of the city are li ...
, where he studied, painted and visited museums and galleries. During his training in Italy, he painted copies of
Renaissance The Renaissance ( , ) is a Periodization, period of history and a European cultural movement covering the 15th and 16th centuries. It marked the transition from the Middle Ages to modernity and was characterized by an effort to revive and sur ...
and
Baroque The Baroque ( , , ) is a Western Style (visual arts), style of Baroque architecture, architecture, Baroque music, music, Baroque dance, dance, Baroque painting, painting, Baroque sculpture, sculpture, poetry, and other arts that flourished from ...
paintings, namely those of
Michelangelo Michelangelo di Lodovico Buonarroti Simoni (6March 147518February 1564), known mononymously as Michelangelo, was an Italian sculptor, painter, architect, and poet of the High Renaissance. Born in the Republic of Florence, his work was inspir ...
, Tītian,
Veronese Veronese is the Italian word denoting someone or something from Verona, Italy and may refer to: * Veronese Riddle, a popular riddle in the Middle Ages * Veronese (moth), ''Veronese'' (moth), a moth genus in the family Crambidae * Monte Veronese, ...
, and
Tintoretto Jacopo Robusti (late September or early October 1518Bernari and de Vecchi 1970, p. 83.31 May 1594), best known as Tintoretto ( ; , ), was an Italian Renaissance painter of the Venetian school. His contemporaries both admired and criticized th ...
, which he sent to his benefactor. After Italy, he continued his third year of studies in
Paris Paris () is the Capital city, capital and List of communes in France with over 20,000 inhabitants, largest city of France. With an estimated population of 2,048,472 residents in January 2025 in an area of more than , Paris is the List of ci ...
, where he studied contemporary artists Cézanne, Modigliani and the Bulgarian painter Gilles Paskin. During this period Kun started selling his first paintings, which are kept in private collections. After returning to Belgrade in 1929, Kun took part in the autumn exhibition of Belgrade artists. This was one of his first public appearances. Critics praised Kun's skillful composition, but criticized his use of dark, earthy colors. During the next two years, he participated in spring and autumn exhibitions at the
Cvijeta Zuzorić Art Pavilion „Cvijeta Zuzorić“ Art Pavilion (, ) is an exhibition building in Belgrade, in Kalemegdan, situated in the park's section of Little Kalemegdan, next to the south-eastern front of the Belgrade fortress. It was built between 1927 and 1928 after ...
in
Kalemegdan The Kalemegdan Park (), or simply Kalemegdan ( sr-Cyrl, Калемегдан) is the largest park and the most important historical monument in Belgrade. It is located on a cliff, at the junction of the River Sava and the Danube. Kalemegdan Pa ...
, where the audience could see about a dozen of his compositions, portraits, still life paintings, self-portraits and landscapes. In February of 1931, he had his first solo exhibition at the Art Pavilion, dominated by two themes — still life and self-portraits. In September of the same year, he participated in an anonymous competition to design the
coat of arms of Belgrade The coat of arms of Belgrade is the official symbol of the City of Belgrade and is stable in three levels - as Basic or Small, Medium and Large. The history of heraldic representation of Belgrade is long and goes back to the time when the city ...
, in which 56 artists from all over
Yugoslavia , common_name = Yugoslavia , life_span = 1918–19921941–1945: World War II in Yugoslavia#Axis invasion and dismemberment of Yugoslavia, Axis occupation , p1 = Kingdom of SerbiaSerbia , flag_p ...
took part. The competition ended in November, and Kun's work under the title ''Crvena trojka'' (Red Triptych) was awarded the first prize of five thousand
dinars The dinar () is the name of the principal currency unit in several countries near the Mediterranean Sea, with a more widespread historical use. The English word "dinar" is the transliteration of the Arabic دينار (''dīnār''), which was bor ...
. His design became the official coat of arms of Belgrade, which is still used today. The same year Kun married Nada Ratković, an
art history Art history is the study of Work of art, artistic works made throughout human history. Among other topics, it studies art’s formal qualities, its impact on societies and cultures, and how artistic styles have changed throughout history. Tradit ...
student at the
Faculty of Philosophy A faculty is a division within a university or college comprising one subject area or a group of related subject areas, possibly also delimited by level (e.g. undergraduate). In North America, academic divisions are sometimes titled colleges, sc ...
in Belgrade, whom he met in 1925. During her studies, Nada was a member of a
Marxist Marxism is a political philosophy and method of socioeconomic analysis. It uses a dialectical and materialist interpretation of historical development, better known as historical materialism, to analyse class relations, social conflic ...
Club and, due to her
communist Communism () is a sociopolitical, philosophical, and economic ideology within the socialist movement, whose goal is the creation of a communist society, a socioeconomic order centered on common ownership of the means of production, di ...
activities, was arrested and brought before the State Court, but was released due to lack of evidence. Đorđe and Nada first lived in
Čubura Čubura (), ) is an urban neighborhood of Belgrade, the capital of Serbia. Located in Belgrade's municipality of Vračar, it is a synonym of the city's bohemian life. Location Čubura stretches along the crossroad of the streets of ''Makenzi ...
, and in 1935, after their daughter Mira was born, they moved to Kun's studio in the attic of the Vojislav llić Elementary School in
Vračar Vračar ( sr-Cyrl, Врачар, ) is an affluent urban area and Subdivisions of Belgrade, municipality of the city of Belgrade known as the location of many embassies and museums. According to the 2022 census results, the municipality has a popul ...
, where they lived until 1937.


Social artistry

While an apprentice in his father workshop, Đorde liked to socialise with the workers, and he subsequently joined the Association of Graphic Workers. In 1923 he painted a poster for the
International Workers' Day International Workers' Day, also called Labour Day in some countries and often referred to as May Day, is a celebration of Wage labour, labourers and the working classes that is promoted by the international labour movement and occurs every yea ...
celebration, which was printed and put up around the city and in streetcars. Kun's interest in left-wing ideas and communism most likely arose during his stay in Paris, where he received books on
Lenin Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov ( 187021 January 1924), better known as Vladimir Lenin, was a Russian revolutionary, politician and political theorist. He was the first head of government of Soviet Russia from 1917 until Death and state funeral of ...
and the
Soviet Union The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union, was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 until Dissolution of the Soviet ...
from friends. Through his wife Nada he began to associate with communists and members of the then illegal Communist Party of Yugoslavia (KPJ). Left-wing ideas did not affect his artistic expression prior to 1934. The conference of the International Association of Revolutionary Writers, held in 1930 in
Kharkiv Kharkiv, also known as Kharkov, is the second-largest List of cities in Ukraine, city in Ukraine.
, and the
First Congress of Soviet Writers The First Congress of Soviet Writers was an all-Union meeting of writers, held in Moscow from August 17 to September 1, 1934, which led to the founding of the Union of Soviet Writers. It was staged soon after Communist International, Comintern h ...
, held in August 1934 in
Moscow Moscow is the Capital city, capital and List of cities and towns in Russia by population, largest city of Russia, standing on the Moskva (river), Moskva River in Central Russia. It has a population estimated at over 13 million residents with ...
, defined the concept of socialist realism, an artistic style with the aim of spreading communist and socialist ideas, which highly influenced Kun's artistic output from that point onwards. From 1931 to 1934, Kun was a member of the art association ''Oblik'', one of the most significant art groups in interwar Yugoslavia, whose members included painters Branko Popović, Petar Dobrović,
Jovan Bijelić Jovan Bijelić ( sr-cyr, Јован Бијелић ( – 12 March 1964) was a painter and academic. Bijelić is one of the most important representatives of color expressionism in Yugoslavia. The Department of Fine Arts and Music of the Serbia ...
,
Sava Šumanović Sava Šumanović ( sr-Cyrl, Сава Шумановић; 22 January 1896 – 30 August 1942) was a Serbian painter. He is considered to be one of the most important Serbian painters of the 20th century. Šumanović's opus includes around 800 pa ...
,
Veljko Stanojević Veljko Stanojević (1892–1967) was a Serbia , image_flag = Flag of Serbia.svg , national_motto = , image_coat = Coat of arms of Serbia.svg , national_anthem = () , image_map = , ...
,
Milo Milunović Milo Milunović (Cyrillic: Мило Милуновић; Born 6 August 1897 – 11 February 1967) was a Montenegrin painter. He dabbled in both Impressionism and Cubism. Biography Milunović was born in Cetinje, Montenegro, but was educated in S ...
and Marino Tartalja. As a member of ''Oblik'', Kun exhibited his works until 1934, when, together with a group of like-minded leftist artists, he founded the art group ''Život'', whose members were painters
Mirko Kujačić Mirko (Cyrillic script: Мирко) is a masculine given name of South Slavic origin. By Slavic etymology, the name is composed of the root ''mir'' (meaning peace) and hypocoristic suffix ''-ko'' usual in South Slavic languages, which together mea ...
, Dragan Beraković, Đurđe Teodorović,
Radojica Živanović Noe Radojica Živanović Noe (Belgrade, 1903 – Belgrade, 1944) was a painter and graphic artist of the period of Surrealism and a writer. He left a small number of compositions, still lifes, landscapes and drawings. The most significant period of Ž ...
, as well as sculptors Vladeta Piperski and Stevan Bodnarov. They defined their art as "combative realism" and were against '' I'art pour l'art'', accepting socialist realism as their artistic direction. They maintained ties with the
Zagreb Zagreb ( ) is the capital (political), capital and List of cities and towns in Croatia#List of cities and towns, largest city of Croatia. It is in the Northern Croatia, north of the country, along the Sava river, at the southern slopes of the ...
group ''Zemlja'', which was banned in 1935. A group of artists, led by Bodnarov, Beraković, Kujačić and Kun, submitted a ''Resolution on the financial situation of artists'', demanding certain concessions for renting the exhibition space of the Kalemegdan Art Pavilion and changing the selection criteria of works for their exhibitions. Their demands were rejected and they subsequently boycotted the 1936 autumn exhibition, and later that year held a boycott exhibition at the Technical Faculty in Belgrade. Kun aimed to depict the daily life of workers in his art as a way to fight against class injustice. He returned to making graphics which he deemed the most suitable medium. In the summer of 1934, together with his wife, he traveled to
Bor Bor may refer to: Places Populated places * Bor (Tachov District), a town in Plzeň Region, Czech Republic * Bor, Petnjica, Montenegro * Bor, Russia, the name of many inhabited localities in Russia * Bor District, a district in Serbia ** Bor, Se ...
with the aim of making a "collection of graphics depicting miners". The mine in Bor, then owned by a French company, was not fenced off and Kun could freely visit the mining facilities; the open pit and the smelter, as well as workshops. While collecting material for his work, he was caught by a mining supervisor who reported him to the police. At the police hearing, he was warned not to visit the mine without a permit and was ordered to leave the city. He took refuge in
Zaječar Zaječar ( sr-Cyrl, Зајечар, ; or ) is a city and the administrative center of the Zaječar District in eastern Serbia. According to the 2022 census, the city administrative area had a population of 48,621 inhabitants. Zaječar is widely ...
, and then illegally returned to Bor. He spent a month collecting material, taking photographs and drawing sketches of the mine and its workers. After returning to Belgrade, he created a set of graphics titled ''Blood-soaked Gold'' (Krvavo zlato) with the aim of displaying the lives of Yugoslav miners and workers. Although the collection was finished, he was unable to find a printer in Belgrade who would print his work. He printed 10 copies of the collection in his studio in 1936. With the help of architecture student Voja Midić, he reached printer Jovan Luks from Stari Bečej, who agreed to print the collection. In January 1937, the first 250 copies were printed, and soon after, a second edition of 1,000 copies was published, which the writer Jovan Popović wrote the
foreword A foreword is a (usually short) piece of writing, sometimes placed at the beginning of a book or other piece of literature. Typically written by someone other than the primary author of the work, it often tells of some interaction between th ...
for. The map of graphics depicting the difficult daily life of miners and arduous work, as well as the dissolute life of profiteers, was banned by the Belgrade City Administration in February of 1937.woodcut Woodcut is a relief printing technique in printmaking. An artist carves an image into the surface of a block of wood—typically with gouges—leaving the printing parts level with the surface while removing the non-printing parts. Areas that ...
set (1937)"> File:Krvavo zlato (1).jpg File:Krvavo zlato (2).jpg File:Krvavo zlato (3).jpg File:Krvavo zlato (5).jpg File:Krvavo zlato (16).jpg File:Krvavo zlato (19).jpg File:Krvavo zlato (21).jpg File:Krvavo zlato (22).jpg File:Krvavo zlato (26).jpg File:Krvavo zlato (27).jpg


Involvement in the Spanish Civil War

In 1936, international
anti-fascist Anti-fascism is a political movement in opposition to fascist ideologies, groups and individuals. Beginning in European countries in the 1920s, it was at its most significant shortly before and during World War II, where the Axis powers were op ...
forces started joining
Spanish Republicans The Republican faction (), also known as the Loyalist faction () or the Government faction (), was the side in the Spanish Civil War of 1936 to 1939 that supported the government of the Second Spanish Republic against the Nationalist faction of t ...
in the fight against Francisco Franco's nationalist forces during the
Spanish Civil War The Spanish Civil War () was a military conflict fought from 1936 to 1939 between the Republican faction (Spanish Civil War), Republicans and the Nationalist faction (Spanish Civil War), Nationalists. Republicans were loyal to the Left-wing p ...
. In November of the same year, the
Communist Party of Yugoslavia The League of Communists of Yugoslavia, known until 1952 as the Communist Party of Yugoslavia, was the founding and ruling party of SFR Yugoslavia. It was formed in 1919 as the main communist opposition party in the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats a ...
sent an invitation to all Yugoslav communists and anti-fascists to join the fight. between May and June of 1937. students at the University of Belgrade organized a week of solidarity with the Spanish people, during which money was collected for the aid of volunteers leaving for Spain. For the event, Kun painted the character of little Anita from Dušan Matić's poem ''Number 4-21-35'' (Broj 4-21-35), which the student youth wore on their lapels. Kun himself decided to go to Spain. As the authorities of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia prevented Yugoslav volunteers from leaving, Kun was first refused a passport by the police, but managed to request a joint passport with his wife Nada, in order to go to
Paris Paris () is the Capital city, capital and List of communes in France with over 20,000 inhabitants, largest city of France. With an estimated population of 2,048,472 residents in January 2025 in an area of more than , Paris is the List of ci ...
where the
World's fair A world's fair, also known as a universal exhibition, is a large global exhibition designed to showcase the achievements of nations. These exhibitions vary in character and are held in different parts of the world at a specific site for a perio ...
was being held at the time. With the help of a lawyer working for the police, he received a passport and traveled with his wife to Paris in July 1937. In Paris, Kun had meetings with Bora Baruh who worked in the Committee helping Yugoslav volunteers reach Spain, as well as volunteers Radivoj Uvalić,
Rodoljub Čolaković Rodoljub "Roćko" Čolaković ( sr-cyr, Родољуб Чолаковић; 7 June 1900 – 30 March 1983) was a Yugoslavia, Yugoslav politician and writer who served as the 1st Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Bosnia and Herzegovina#Prime ...
and others. He stayed in Baruh's studio, where Ljubica Sokić also painted at the time. After waiting for two months Kun set off for southern France with smaller group, from where they crossed illegally into Spain. Immediately after his arrival, he underwent military training, during which he was chosen as the commander of Yugoslav volunteers. After completing the training, they were assigned to the International Battalion Đuro Đaković and sent to the front in
Albacete Albacete ( , , ) is a city and municipality in the Spanish autonomous community of Castilla–La Mancha, and capital of the province of Albacete. Lying in the south-east of the Iberian Peninsula, the area around the city is known as Los Llan ...
. During his stay on the front line, in addition to participating in battle, he made drawings with motifs from the war. Later, at the insistence of Božidar Maslarić and Rodoljub Čolaković, he was transferred to the battalion headquarters. Later, as a cultural worker, he was transferred to the Headquarters of the 129th International Brigade. In Spain, he collaborated with Croatian journalist and writer
August Cesarec August Cesarec (4 December 1893 – 17 July 1941) was a Croatian writer and communist activist from the interwar period. Cesarec was born in Zagreb, then part of Austria-Hungary. He was the son of a carpenter who was a member of the Social Democ ...
and made seven drawings to illustrate his manuscript, published in
Toronto Toronto ( , locally pronounced or ) is the List of the largest municipalities in Canada by population, most populous city in Canada. It is the capital city of the Provinces and territories of Canada, Canadian province of Ontario. With a p ...
in 1938 under the title ''Spanish Encounters'' (Španjolski susreti), a book of encounters with people and cities. In May 1938, by order of the KPJ, he was transferred from the front in
Teruel Teruel () is a city in Aragon, located in eastern Spain, and is also the capital of Teruel (province), Teruel Province. It had a population of 35,900 as of 2022, making it the least populated provincial capital in Spain. It is noted for its har ...
to
Barcelona Barcelona ( ; ; ) is a city on the northeastern coast of Spain. It is the capital and largest city of the autonomous community of Catalonia, as well as the second-most populous municipality of Spain. With a population of 1.6 million within c ...
, where he was informed that he had to return to Paris. In Barcelona, he had a meeting with Kosta Nađ. As he had no documents, he had to cross the border illegally. In Paris, Kun stayed with Baruh again before returning to Yugoslavia in 1938. As he had a passport with which he traveled to the World's fair, he returned to the country legally. All of his drawings were left in Paris and later sent to Yugoslavia by mail. He lived with his family in the house of his father-in-law Mihajlo Ratković at Kotež Neimar where he painted, collecting money for the publication of his graphics from Spain. At the end of 1938, he managed to find a printer who printed the collection titled ''For Freedom'' (Za slobodu) in January 1939, which contained 12 graphics depicting the Spanish Civil War. Immediately after the set was first printed, Kun was arrested together with the printer. He spent a month in the Glavnjača prison, run by the Belgrade City Administration. As the police were unable to find proof of his stay in Spain, he was released. During the arrest, the police confiscated and destroyed almost all copies of ''For Freedom''. A preserved copy was used to print new editions in March of 1946 for the Congress of Spanish Fighters of Yugoslavia. In addition to this collection, Kun also made two paintings depicting the war — ''Execution'' (Streljanje) from 1939 shows a group of captured patriots standing in front of fascist soldiers on the execution ground, while ''No pasaran'', which was completed in 1948, shows a woman standing with a rifle, with an inscription behind her reading "No pasaran" (It will not pass).Spanish Civil War The Spanish Civil War () was a military conflict fought from 1936 to 1939 between the Republican faction (Spanish Civil War), Republicans and the Nationalist faction (Spanish Civil War), Nationalists. Republicans were loyal to the Left-wing p ...
(1938)"> File:Đorđe Andrejević Kun - Graphics from the Spanish Civil War 01.jpg File:Đorđe Andrejević Kun - Graphics from the Spanish Civil War 02.jpg File:Đorđe Andrejević Kun - Graphics from the Spanish Civil War 03.jpg File:Đorđe Andrejević Kun - Graphics from the Spanish Civil War 04.jpg File:Đorđe Andrejević Kun - Graphics from the Spanish Civil War 05.jpg File:Đorđe Andrejević Kun - Graphics from the Spanish Civil War 06.jpg File:Đorđe Andrejević Kun - Graphics from the Spanish Civil War 07.jpg File:Đorđe Andrejević Kun - Graphics from the Spanish Civil War 08.jpg File:Đorđe Andrejević Kun - Graphics from the Spanish Civil War 09.jpg


Revolutionary activities

Kun's political activity was well known to the police, who registered him as a communist. After the start of the
Second World War World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the wo ...
in September 1939 and during increased political unrest in the country, which culminated in large demonstrations in Belgrade on 14 December 1939, the Cvetković-Maček government established concentration camps for political opponents. On the basis of the
Decree A decree is a law, legal proclamation, usually issued by a head of state, judge, monarch, royal figure, or other relevant Authority, authorities, according to certain procedures. These procedures are usually defined by the constitution, Legislativ ...
, by which the Viceroyalty authorized the government to change existing laws and regulations instead of the dissolved
National Assembly In politics, a national assembly is either a unicameral legislature, the lower house of a bicameral legislature, or both houses of a bicameral legislature together. In the English language it generally means "an assembly composed of the repr ...
, as well as pass new ones. Police forces were given the authority to forcibly move persons that "disturb national peace" or change their place of residence under the supervision of the authorities. Shortly after the adoption of the law, between December 1939 and January 1940, a group of 25 prominent communists were arrested in Belgrade. Among those arrested were
Moša Pijade Moša Pijade (, alternate English transliteration Moshe Piade; – 15 March 1957), was a Serbian and Yugoslavia, Yugoslav painter, journalist, Communist Party of Yugoslavia, Communist Party politician, World War II participant, and a close ...
,
Ivan Milutinović Ivan Milutinović (nickname Milutin; sr-cyr, Иван Милутиновић; 27 September 1901 – 23 October 1944) was a Yugoslav Partisan general and an eminent military commander who participated in World War II. Before the war In October ...
,
Ivo Lola Ribar Ivan Ribar (23 April 1916 – 27 November 1943), known as Ivo Lola or Ivo Lolo, was a Yugoslavs, Yugoslav Croats, Croat communist politician and military leader. In the 1930s, he became one of the closest associates of Josip Broz Tito, leader of ...
, Bora Baruh,
Blagoje Nešković Blagoje Nešković (11 February 1907, in Kragujevac – 11 November 1984, in Belgrade) was a Yugoslav communist politician and Doctor of Medicine in Spanish Civil War who served as the first Secretary A secretary, administrative assistant, e ...
and Kun. After spending some time in the prison of the Belgrade City Administration, those arrested were taken to the concentration camp in Bileća on 18 January 1940. Upon arrival at the camp, the prisoners, who were mostly members of the Communist Party of Yugoslavia, formed a party committee headed by Pijade, Milutinović and Todor Vujasinović. During his stay in the camp, Kun was told by Pijade that he had been accepted as a member of the KPJ. Although Kun was admitted to the KPJ in 1940, his activities started in 1939, according to Pijade. Baruh, Pijade and Kun made various pencil drawings depicting prison life while in the camp. After the formation of the camp in Bileća, the Communist Party of Yugoslavia led a fierce public campaign for its abolition. Under pressure from the public and several prominent figures, the authorities of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia gradually released prisoners from the camp, which was officially abolished on 25 November 1940. After returning to Belgrade, Kun and his family settled again with his father-in-law Mihajlo Ratković, where he built his studio in the basement of the house. Moša Pijade visited the home frequently, and for a time they painted together in Kun's studio and exhibited together at the Thirteenth Autumn Exhibition at the
Art Pavilion The Art pavilion in Zagreb () is an art gallery in Zagreb, Croatia. The pavilion is located on the Lenuci Horseshoe, Lower town area of the city, south of Nikola Šubić Zrinski Square, on the northern side of the King Tomislav Square which flank ...
in Kalemegdan. The same year Kun used his prison sketches for his painting ''Waiting'' (Čekanje). In the fall of 1940,
Svetozar Vukmanović Svetozar Vukmanović - Tempo ( sh-Cyrl, Светозар Вукмановић - Темпо; 3 August 1912 – 6 December 2000) was a leading Montenegrin communist and member of the Central Committee of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia. D ...
, who was in charge of the technical department of the KPJ Central Committee, agreed with party activists
Branko Branko (Cyrillic script: Бранко; ) is a South Slavic male given name found in all of the former Yugoslavia. It is related to the names Branimir and Branislav, and the female equivalent is Branka. People named Branko include: * Branko (DJ), P ...
and Danica Maksimović to build a special shelter within a house on Banjički venac where an illegal printing press would be stored and used to print leaflets and other party propaganda material. Construction of the house began in early 1941, but the bombing of Belgrade and the beginning of the occupation of Yugoslavia in April 1941 briefly interrupted the work. In the fallowing months, the Belgrade City Administration police gathered all prominent Belgrade communists under the pretext of "military exercises" and send them to
Smederevska Palanka Smederevska Palanka ( sr-cyr, Смедеревска Паланка, ) is a town and municipality located in the Podunavlje District and the geographical region of Šumadija. According to the 2022 census, the town has 20,345 while the municipality ...
to a
military camp A military camp or bivouac is a semi-permanent military base, for the lodging of an army. Camps are erected when a military force travels away from a major installation or fort during training or operations, and often have the form of large cam ...
. The KPJ managed to expose the plan and communists on the list, including Kun, went into hiding.


World War II in Yugoslavia

After the attack of the Axis Powers on the Kingdom of Yugoslavia and the bombing of Belgrade on April 6, 1941, Kun went to
Bačka Palanka Bačka Palanka ( sr-cyrl, Бачка Паланка, ; ) is a town and municipality located in the South Bačka District of the autonomous province of Vojvodina, Serbia. It is situated on the left bank of the Danube. In 2022 the town had a total ...
to report to the military command. While in
Ruma Ruma (; ) is a town and municipality in the Srem District of the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina, Serbia. As of 2022, the town has a population of 27,747, while the municipality has a population of 48,621. History Traces of organized human life ...
, he received news that his unit had been transferred to
Bosnia Bosnia and Herzegovina, sometimes known as Bosnia-Herzegovina and informally as Bosnia, is a country in Southeast Europe. Situated on the Balkans, Balkan Peninsula, it borders Serbia to the east, Montenegro to the southeast, and Croatia to th ...
, and he subsequently headed to
Han Pijesak Han Pijesak ( sr-cyrl, Хан Пијесак) is a town and municipality in Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina. As of 2013, the municipality has a population of 3,530 inhabitants, while the town of Han Pijesak has a population of 1,820 inha ...
via
Šabac Šabac ( sr-Cyrl, Шабац, ) is a List of cities in Serbia, city and the administrative centre of the Mačva District in western Serbia. The traditional centre of the fertile Mačva region, Šabac is located on the right banks of the river ...
and
Zvornik Zvornik ( sr-cyrl, Зворник, ) is a city in Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina. In 2013, it had a population of 58,856 inhabitants. Zvornik is located on the Drina River, on the eastern slopes of Majevica mountain, at the altitude of ...
, where he received news of the capitulation of the Yugoslav Army. He headed back to Belgrade, and after two weeks of searching for the unit, he returned home at the end of April. His father-in-law's house, where he lived with his family, was damaged in the German bombing and a large number of his paintings were destroyed. Spasenija Cana Babović announced the party's decision to go underground. In order to better mislead the police, Kun grew a mustache, changed his hairstyle and walk, started wearing glasses and started using the
pseudonym A pseudonym (; ) or alias () is a fictitious name that a person assumes for a particular purpose, which differs from their original or true meaning ( orthonym). This also differs from a new name that entirely or legally replaces an individual's o ...
Petar Antonijević. Prior to the war, Kun learned how to create forged documents for the party, including passports, identification cards and stamps. With the help of his friend from Spain Milan Blagojević, who illegally lived in his house throughout 1939, he built his graphic press in the bunker's wall in May of 1941. The German police discovered one of Kun's forged documents, which contained a two-part stamp. Sympathizers of the Partisan movement working for the Belgrade police, managed to hand over a copy of the German report to the KPJ leadership. During the summer of 1941, Kun had a meeting in Belgrade with KPJ General Secretary
Josip Broz Tito Josip Broz ( sh-Cyrl, Јосип Броз, ; 7 May 1892 – 4 May 1980), commonly known as Tito ( ; , ), was a Yugoslavia, Yugoslav communist revolutionary and politician who served in various positions of national leadership from 1943 unti ...
, whom he supplied with forged documents, but whose identity he did not know at the time. At the end of May, the construction of the house continued. In order to disguise the entrance to this room, Milhajlo Ratković made a closet in his workshop from which the hidden area could be entered. The illegal printing house of the KPJ Central Committee in Belgrade began operating in August of 1941. Many publications printed in it were decorated with Kun's woodcuts. He also made letterheads for the newspapers '' Glas'', '' Proleter'' and the '' Bulletin of the Supreme Headquarters.'' Since the beginning of the occupation, Kun lived in his cousin's apartment in Hadži Milentijeva Street, but due to the accidents that happened in the immediate vicinity in early August 1941, he had to change his place of residence. After leaving Nejmar, he moved to
Topčidersko brdo Topčidersko Brdo ( sr-cyr, Топчидерско Брдо; ) is an urban neighborhood and former municipality of Belgrade, the capital of Serbia. It is located in Belgrade's municipality of Savski Venac. Location Topčidersko Brdo (from ...
, where he lived until 1942, when he came to a house on Banjički Venac, which housed an illegal printing press. After that, he lived for a certain time in the immediate vicinity in a house in Činovnička Kolonija, in the basement of which, immediately after his arrival, he made a secret shelter. The legal tenants in the house were the mother and sister of the Spanish volunteer VIajko Begović, while the illegal tenants, besides Kun, were
Svetozar Vukmanović Svetozar Vukmanović - Tempo ( sh-Cyrl, Светозар Вукмановић - Темпо; 3 August 1912 – 6 December 2000) was a leading Montenegrin communist and member of the Central Committee of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia. D ...
and
Ivan Ribar Ivan Ribar ( sr-cyr, Иван Рибар, ; 21 January 1881 – 2 February 1968) was a Croatian politician who served in several governments of various forms in Yugoslavia. Ideologically a Yugoslavism, Yugoslavist and Communism, communist, he w ...
. Later, he returned to the house on Banjički venac, where he stayed until leaving Belgrade. Kun's original plan to leave Belgrade and move to the liberated territory of the
Republic of Užice The Republic of Užice ( sh-Latn-Cyrl, separator=" / ", Užička republika, Ужичка република) was a short-lived liberated Yugoslav territory and the first liberated territory in World War II Europe, organized as a military mini ...
was hindered by the start of Operation Užice in the fall of 1941. As the continued survival of prominent illegals in occupied Belgrade became increasingly difficult, it was decided that in mid-1943 that they would move to the freed territory. This group consisted of
Vladislav Vladislav ( (', '); , ; Russian language, Russian, Ukrainian language, Ukrainian, Bulgarian language, Bulgarian, Macedonian language, Macedonian, sh-Cyrl, Владислав, ) is a male given names, given name of Slavs, Slavic origin. Variatio ...
and Jara Ribnikar, Ljubica Đonović, Brana Perović, Lepa Žujović, Slavka Morić, Milada Rajter, Đorđe Bošković, Lepa Nešić, Nada and Đorđe Andrejević Kun and others. In order not to be noticed by the occupiers and the
Special Police Special police usually describes a law enforcement agency or unit within a such an agency whose duties and responsibilities are significantly different from other forces in the same nation, jurisdiction, or from other personnel within the same agen ...
, members of the group left the city separately starting from May 1943. On 3 June, Nada and Đorde left Belgrade and went to
Obrenovac Obrenovac ( sr-cyr, Обреновац, ) is a municipality of the city of Belgrade. According to the 2022 census results, the municipality has a population of 68,882 inhabitants, while the urban area has 25,380 inhabitants. The old name for Obreno ...
, where they crossed the
Sava River The Sava, is a river in Central and Southeast Europe, a right-bank and the longest tributary of the Danube. From its source in Slovenia it flows through Croatia and along its border with Bosnia and Herzegovina, and finally reaches Serbia, fee ...
to
Srem Syrmia ( Ekavian sh-Latn-Cyrl, Srem, Срем, separator=" / " or Ijekavian sh-Latn-Cyrl, Srijem, Сријем, label=none, separator=" / ") is a region of the southern Pannonian Plain, which lies between the Danube and Sava rivers. It is ...
near the village of Skela. Kun was the first to inform Moša Pijade of his family's death in the
Holocaust The Holocaust (), known in Hebrew language, Hebrew as the (), was the genocide of History of the Jews in Europe, European Jews during World War II. From 1941 to 1945, Nazi Germany and Collaboration with Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy ...
. They headed to the liberated
Jajce Jajce ( sr-Cyrl, Јајце) is a town and municipality in the Central Bosnia Canton of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, an entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina. According to the 2013 census, the town has a population of 7,172 inhabitants, wi ...
from Ozren, which was then the center of the free partisan territory. Kun lived in the grounds of a
carbide In chemistry, a carbide usually describes a compound composed of carbon and a metal. In metallurgy, carbiding or carburizing is the process for producing carbide coatings on a metal piece. Interstitial / Metallic carbides The carbides of th ...
factory, where he housed his studio in the former director's office. According to his designs, the workers made him a special press for printing woodcuts and linocuts. In the fall of 1943, the Second AVNOJ Meeting was held in Jajce, for which Kun, sculptor
Antun Augustinčić Antun Augustinčić (4 May 1900 – 10 May 1979) was a Croatian sculptor active in Yugoslavia and the United States. Along with Ivan Meštrović and Frano Kršinić, he is considered one of the three most important Croatian sculptors of the 2 ...
and painter
Božidar Jakac Božidar Jakac (July 16, 1899 – November 20, 1989) was a Slovene Yugoslavian e xpressionist, realist and symbolist painter, printmaker, art teacher, photographer and filmmaker. He produced one of the most extensive oeuvres of pastels and ...
decorated the hall of the renovated House of Culture, where the meeting was held on 29 and 30 November. Kun, who was a member oft the Propaganda Department of the Supreme staff of NOV and POJ, painted a portrait of
Josip Broz Tito Josip Broz ( sh-Cyrl, Јосип Броз, ; 7 May 1892 – 4 May 1980), commonly known as Tito ( ; , ), was a Yugoslavia, Yugoslav communist revolutionary and politician who served in various positions of national leadership from 1943 unti ...
, as well as portraits of leaders of the Allied countries
Winston Churchill Sir Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill (30 November 1874 – 24 January 1965) was a British statesman, military officer, and writer who was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1940 to 1945 (Winston Churchill in the Second World War, ...
,
Franklin Roosevelt Franklin Delano Roosevelt (January 30, 1882April 12, 1945), also known as FDR, was the 32nd president of the United States, serving from 1933 until his death in 1945. He is the longest-serving U.S. president, and the only one to have served ...
and
Joseph Stalin Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin (born Dzhugashvili; 5 March 1953) was a Soviet politician and revolutionary who led the Soviet Union from 1924 until Death and state funeral of Joseph Stalin, his death in 1953. He held power as General Secret ...
. Two large paintings which depict the partisan struggle were placed at the very entrance to the House of Culture. After the meeting. which he attended as a councilor of the Anti-Fascist Council of the People's Liberation of Yugoslavia, he was entrusted with the task of creating the emblem of New Yugoslavia. At the suggestion of the Supreme Staff, and based on the decisions of the National Committee for the Liberation of Yugoslavia (NKOJ), he started working on the coat of arms and incorporated Moša Pijade's idea to use torches in the design. The final solution of the coat of arms was accepted by the Supreme Staff, and after the war, the final stylization of the coat of arms was carried out by Antun Augustinčić. The design was made official by the Constitution of the FNRJ and adopted on 31 January 1946. During his stay in Jajce and later in
Drvar Drvar (, ) is a town and the seat of the Municipality of Drvar in Canton 10 of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, an entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is situated in western Bosnia and Herzegovina, on the road between Bosansko Grahovo an ...
, in the winter and spring of 1944, Kun worked together with Augustinčić on the creation of conceptual sketches for the first partisan awards established in May 1943. He created conceptual solutions for the
Order of the People's Hero The Order of the People's Hero or the Order of the National Hero ( sh-Latn-Cyrl, separator=" / ", Orden narodnog heroja, Oрден народног хероја; , ), was a Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, Yugoslav gallantry medal, the ...
, the Order of People's Liberation, the Order of Brotherhood and Unity, the Order of the Partisan Star in three rows, the
Order for Courage The Order for Courage () is a Ukrainian award established by Ukrainian president Leonid Kuchma on August 21, 1996. Design by Ukrainian artist Mykola Lebid. Awards of the President of Ukraine for Courage Before August, 1996, personal bravery ha ...
and the Medal for Courage. Augustinčić went to the
Soviet Union The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union, was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 until Dissolution of the Soviet ...
with Kun's drawings and in the summer of the same year the first partisan decorations were produced in Moscow. At the suggestion of
Ivan Milutinović Ivan Milutinović (nickname Milutin; sr-cyr, Иван Милутиновић; 27 September 1901 – 23 October 1944) was a Yugoslav Partisan general and an eminent military commander who participated in World War II. Before the war In October ...
, commissioner for the National Economy in the NKOJ, in April 1944, he produced the first partisan postage stamp in Drvar. During Operation Rösselsprung on 25 May 1944, Kun's residence was burned down and many of his paintings and graphic works were burned. He managed to preserve a couple paintings, sketches and his drawing pad in his bag. After the liberation he made a set of graphics titled ''Partisans'' (Partizani) using sketches made during the war. One of the works from the set is ''Kurir Jovica'', which represents a boy-fighter with an oversized overcoat, boots and a stern facial expression, which over time became a graphic symbol of the youth of Yugoslavia in the War of National Liberation. To create this sketch, Kun was helped by fifteen-year-old Jovan Tolomir, from the village of Podorugla, near
Mrkonjić Grad Mrkonjić Grad ( sr-cyrl, Мркоњић Град, ) is a town and municipality in Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is located in the Bosanska Krajina region, between Banja Luka and Jajce. As of 2013, the municipality has a populatio ...
, who was a courier of the Supreme Headquarters.Partisans'' (Partizani), graphics depicting the National Liberation of Yugoslavia (1943–1945)"> File:Đorđe Andrejević Kun - Briga o partizanima.jpg, alt= File:Đorđe Andrejević Kun - Drvarčanke.jpg, alt= File:Đorđe Andrejević Kun - Držić Drago Čobo.jpg, alt= File:Đorđe Andrejević Kun - Gradnja mosta.jpg, alt= File:Đorđe Andrejević Kun - Gradnja mosta (2).jpg, alt= File:Đorđe Andrejević Kun - Hirurška operacija.jpg, alt= File:Đorđe Andrejević Kun - Juriš.jpg, alt= File:Đorđe Andrejević Kun - Kolona.jpg, alt= File:Đorđe Andrejević Kun - Kurir Jovica.jpg, alt= File:Đorđe Andrejević Kun - Na položaju.jpg, alt= File:Đorđe Andrejević Kun - Odmor.jpg, alt= File:Đorđe Andrejević Kun - Partizani nose.jpg, alt= File:Đorđe Andrejević Kun - Partizani.jpg, alt= File:Đorđe Andrejević Kun - Politički čas.jpg, alt= File:Đorđe Andrejević Kun - Pored poginulog.jpg, alt= File:Đorđe Andrejević Kun - Pored vode.jpg, alt= File:Đorđe Andrejević Kun - Prelaz preko reke.jpg, alt= File:Đorđe Andrejević Kun - Prenošenje.jpg, alt= File:Đorđe Andrejević Kun - Tifusari.jpg, alt= File:Đorđe Andrejević Kun - Čika Vule.jpg, alt=


Controversy

After the liberation of Belgrade, the dean of the Technical Faculty under the German occupation, Branko Popović, was sentenced and executed as a ''national traitor'' by the new Yugoslav authorities in November
1944 Events Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix. January * January 2 – WWII: ** Free France, Free French General Jean de Lattre de Tassigny is appointed to command First Army (France), French Army B, part of the Sixt ...
.Ivan Stevović, Branko Popović and the History of Art. A Writing from a Time of Crisis
/ref> In the official explanation of the verdict, it was stated that "Dr. Branko Popović, professor at the University and dean of the Technical Faculty" was "the closest associate of Minister Jonić," and as such, "denounced to Bećarević a number of freedom-loving students and citizens," who were subsequently sent to German camps, and that he also worked "on the fascistization of the Serbian people through the so-called Serbian Civil Plan." Together with other defendants in the first post-war trial in Belgrade, the Military War Court sentenced him to "the death penalty, to be carried out by shooting, the permanent loss of civil rights, and the confiscation of all property."Srđan Cvetković, WHO ARE THE 105 (104) EXECUTED in Belgrade 1944
/ref> Later, his apartment was assigned to the partisan family Andrejević-Kun, where Đorđe and Nada moved in with their daughter Mira. Based on this, Popović's descendants decades later accused Kun of "taking over the property of his dead colleague," claiming that "Popović's property on Knez Mihailova Street was the real reason behind his execution without a trial."


Post-war work

In 1946, Kun's set of drawings ''Partisans'' (Partizani) were awarded the Yugoslav Federation Prize for Graphics. In 1949 his oil work ''Witnesses of Horror'' (Svedoci užasa) won the Yugoslav Federation Prize for Painting. He created three
mosaics A mosaic () is a pattern or image made of small regular or irregular pieces of colored stone, glass or ceramic, held in place by plaster/Mortar (masonry), mortar, and covering a surface. Mosaics are often used as floor and wall decoration, and ...
, one at the War Memorial in
Ivanjica Ivanjica ( sr-Cyrl, Ивањица, ) is a town and municipality located in the Moravica District of southwestern Serbia. As of 2022 census, the municipality has a population of 27,767 inhabitants. With an area of 1090 km2, it is the eighth ...
, a second on the façade of a public building in
Kragujevac Kragujevac ( sr-Cyrl, Крагујевац, ) is the List of cities in Serbia, fourth largest city in Serbia and the administrative centre of the Šumadija District. It is the historical centre of the geographical region of Šumadija in central Se ...
, and the third at the Holocaust Museum in Paris. In 1947, he obtained the title of master painter and held exhibitions in
Belgrade Belgrade is the Capital city, capital and List of cities in Serbia, largest city of Serbia. It is located at the confluence of the Sava and Danube rivers and at the crossroads of the Pannonian Basin, Pannonian Plain and the Balkan Peninsula. T ...
(1953 and 1959), Kragujevac,
Čačak Čačak ( sr-Cyrl, Чачак, ) is a List of cities in Serbia, city and the administrative center of the Moravica District in central Serbia. It is located in the West Morava Valley. According to the 2022 census, the city itself has a population ...
,
Niš Niš (; sr-Cyrl, Ниш, ; names of European cities in different languages (M–P)#N, names in other languages), less often spelled in English as Nish, is the list of cities in Serbia, third largest city in Serbia and the administrative cente ...
,
Skopje Skopje ( , ; ; , sq-definite, Shkupi) is the capital and largest city of North Macedonia. It lies in the northern part of the country, in the Skopje Basin, Skopje Valley along the Vardar River, and is the political, economic, and cultura ...
and
Sombor Sombor ( sr-Cyrl, Сомбор, ; ; ) is a List of cities in Serbia, city and the administrative center of the West Bačka District in the autonomous province of Vojvodina, Serbia. The city has a total population of 41,814 (), while its adminis ...
, and in
Berlin Berlin ( ; ) is the Capital of Germany, capital and largest city of Germany, by both area and List of cities in Germany by population, population. With 3.7 million inhabitants, it has the List of cities in the European Union by population withi ...
in 1963. His work was further influenced by
George Grosz George Grosz (; ; born Georg Ehrenfried Groß; July 26, 1893 – July 6, 1959) was a German artist known especially for his caricatural drawings and paintings of Berlin life in the 1920s. He was a prominent member of the Berlin Dada and New Obj ...
and
Frans Masereel Frans Masereel (31 July 1889 – 3 January 1972) was a Belgium, Belgian painter and graphic artist who worked mainly in France. He is known especially for his woodcuts which focused on political and social issues, such as war and capitalism. He ...
. From 1945 to 1964 he was a full-time professor at the
Academy of Fine Arts in Belgrade The University of Arts in Belgrade ( sr-cyr, Универзитет уметности у Београду, Univerzitet umetnosti u Beogradu) is a public university in Serbia. It was founded in 1957 as the Academy of Arts to unite four academies. ...
, and, from 1959 to 1963, he was Dean of the Department of Fine Arts of the University of Belgrade, after the academy had been incorporated into the university. From 1950 he was a correspondent, and from 1958 a regular member of the
Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts The Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts (; , SANU) is a national academy and the most prominent academic institution in Serbia, founded in 1841 as Society of Serbian Letters (, DSS). The Academy's membership has included Nobel Prize, Nobel la ...
. From 1957 to 1960 he was the president of the Yugoslav Federation of Artists. He illustrated and furnished numerous literary works, including ''Woman in a Shirt'' (Žena u košulji), ''Column'' (Kolona), ''Red Fish'' (Crvene ribe), ''Fish on White'' (Riba na belom) and others. He was elected as deputy of the National Assembly of SR Serbia and a member of the Central Committee of the
League of Communists of Serbia The League of Communists of Serbia (, abbr. SKS), known as the Communist Party of Serbia (, abbr. KPS) until 1952, was the Ruling party, ruling List of political parties in Serbia, political party of Socialist Republic of Serbia, Serbia from 19 ...
. Kun died of a heart attack on 17 January 1964 in Belgrade. He was buried on 19 January in the Alley of People's Heroes at the New Cemetery in Belgrade.


Accolades


Art awards

* First prize for the
Coat of arms of Belgrade The coat of arms of Belgrade is the official symbol of the City of Belgrade and is stable in three levels - as Basic or Small, Medium and Large. The history of heraldic representation of Belgrade is long and goes back to the time when the city ...
(1931) * Award for graphics of the State Printing Office in Belgrade (1940) * First prize for graphics of the Committee for Culture and Art of the FNRJ government (1947) * First award for painting of the Presidency of the Government of FNRJ (1949)


Orders

*
Order of the People's Hero The Order of the People's Hero or the Order of the National Hero ( sh-Latn-Cyrl, separator=" / ", Orden narodnog heroja, Oрден народног хероја; , ), was a Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, Yugoslav gallantry medal, the ...
* Order of People's Liberation * Order of Brotherhood and Unity * Order of the Partisan Star in three rows *
Order for Courage The Order for Courage () is a Ukrainian award established by Ukrainian president Leonid Kuchma on August 21, 1996. Design by Ukrainian artist Mykola Lebid. Awards of the President of Ukraine for Courage Before August, 1996, personal bravery ha ...
*
Commemorative Medal of the Partisans of 1941 The Commemorative Medal of the Partisans of 1941 (Macedonian language, Macedonian, Slovene language, Slovene and sh-Latn-Cyrl, Partizanska spomenica 1941., Партизанска споменица 1941., separator=" / ") is a commemorative Soci ...


Gallery

File:Small Coat of Arms Belgrade.svg, Kun's design for the
coat of arms of Belgrade The coat of arms of Belgrade is the official symbol of the City of Belgrade and is stable in three levels - as Basic or Small, Medium and Large. The history of heraldic representation of Belgrade is long and goes back to the time when the city ...
, 1931 File:Partizanska spomenica 1941, eksponat u muzeju u Beloj Crkvi.jpg,
Commemorative Medal of the Partisans of 1941 The Commemorative Medal of the Partisans of 1941 (Macedonian language, Macedonian, Slovene language, Slovene and sh-Latn-Cyrl, Partizanska spomenica 1941., Партизанска споменица 1941., separator=" / ") is a commemorative Soci ...
, designed by Kun and
Antun Augustinčić Antun Augustinčić (4 May 1900 – 10 May 1979) was a Croatian sculptor active in Yugoslavia and the United States. Along with Ivan Meštrović and Frano Kršinić, he is considered one of the three most important Croatian sculptors of the 2 ...
, 1941 File:Орден народног хероја 1.jpg,
Order of the People's Hero The Order of the People's Hero or the Order of the National Hero ( sh-Latn-Cyrl, separator=" / ", Orden narodnog heroja, Oрден народног хероја; , ), was a Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, Yugoslav gallantry medal, the ...
, designed by Kun and Antun Augustinčić, 1942 File:235262 1535229574-850x550 width 50.jpg, Order of the Partisan Star, designed by Kun and Antun Augustinčić, 1943 File:Skica za grb nove Jugoslavije.jpg, Sketches for the
emblem of Yugoslavia The Emblem of Yugoslavia featured six torches, surrounded by wheat with a red star at its top, and burning together in one flame; this represented the brotherhood and unity of the six federal republics forming Yugoslavia: Bosnia and Herzegovina, ...
, 1943 File:Emblem of Yugoslavia (1963–1992).svg,
Emblem of Yugoslavia The Emblem of Yugoslavia featured six torches, surrounded by wheat with a red star at its top, and burning together in one flame; this represented the brotherhood and unity of the six federal republics forming Yugoslavia: Bosnia and Herzegovina, ...
, final version File:Prva novčanica Demokratske Federativne Jugoslavije.jpg, Kun's design for the first
Yugoslav dinar The dinar ( sh-Cyrl, динар) was the currency of Yugoslavia. It was introduced in 1920 in the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes, which was replaced by the Kingdom of Yugoslavia, and then the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. Th ...
banknote, 1944 File:The first postage stamp of the new Yugoslavia.jpg, The first postage stamp of the new Yugoslav state, 1945 File:Coat of arms of Serbia (1947–2004).svg, Emblem of SR Serbia, 1947
File:Ivo Lola Ribar govori zatvorenicima u logoru Bileća.jpg, ''
Ivo Lola Ribar Ivan Ribar (23 April 1916 – 27 November 1943), known as Ivo Lola or Ivo Lolo, was a Yugoslavs, Yugoslav Croats, Croat communist politician and military leader. In the 1930s, he became one of the closest associates of Josip Broz Tito, leader of ...
speaking to Bileća prisoners'', 1940 File:Prva šetnja zatvorenika po logorskom dvorištu.jpg, ''The prisoners' first walk around the campyard'', 1940 File:Soba u beogradskoj Glavnjači, 1940.jpg, ''Glavnjača cell'', 1940 File:Đorđe Andrejević Kun - logor Bileća.jpg, ''Gendarmes escorting prisoners to camp Bileća'', 1940 File:Žandarmi tuku Mošu Pijade u logoru Bileća.jpg, ''Gendarmes beating
Moša Pijade Moša Pijade (, alternate English transliteration Moshe Piade; – 15 March 1957), was a Serbian and Yugoslavia, Yugoslav painter, journalist, Communist Party of Yugoslavia, Communist Party politician, World War II participant, and a close ...
at the Bileća camp'',1940
File:Prvi antifašistički miting žena Srbije 1945.jpg, Poster for the first Serbian-held
Women's Antifascist Front of Yugoslavia The Women's Antifascist Front (, Антифашистички фронт жена, abbreviated AFŽ/AФЖ; ; ), was a SFR Yugoslavia, Yugoslav feminism, feminist and anti-fascist mass organisation. The predecessor to several feminist front groups ...
meeting, 1945 File:Plakat za promovisanje petogodišnjeg plana.jpg, Poster promoting the Yugoslav Five-year Plan, 1950 File:Prvi maj, Beograd 1955.jpg, Belgrade
May Day May Day is a European festival of ancient origins marking the beginning of summer, usually celebrated on 1 May, around halfway between the Northern Hemisphere's March equinox, spring equinox and midsummer June solstice, solstice. Festivities ma ...
celebration, 1955 File:For Freedom, Peace and Socialism.jpg, ''For Freedom, Peace and Socialism'' (Za slobodu, mir i socijalizam), 1959
File:Đorđe Andrejević-Kun 1975 Yugoslavia stamp.jpg, Postage stamp with Kun's painting ''Public kitchen #4'', 1975 File:Social graph by Đorđe Andrejević-Kun 1978 Yugoslavia stamp.jpg, Postage stamp with Kun's graphic from the
Spanish Civil War The Spanish Civil War () was a military conflict fought from 1936 to 1939 between the Republican faction (Spanish Civil War), Republicans and the Nationalist faction (Spanish Civil War), Nationalists. Republicans were loyal to the Left-wing p ...
(''Hanged Man and Raped Woman''), 1978


References


Bibliography

* * * * * * * *


External links


Biography
at Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts

(Woodcut set, 1938) {{DEFAULTSORT:Andrejevic-Kun, Djordje 1904 births 1964 deaths Academic staff of the University of Belgrade Artists from Wrocław 20th-century Serbian painters 20th-century Serbian male artists Rectors of the University of Arts in Belgrade Yugoslav painters Serbian male painters Serbian graphic designers German emigrants to Yugoslavia Serbian communists Yugoslav Partisans Yugoslav people of the Spanish Civil War Members of the Anti-Fascist Council for the National Liberation of Yugoslavia