Xiuhpōhualli
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Xiuhpōhualli
The ''xiuhpōhualli'' (, from (“year”) + (“count”)) is a 365-day calendar used by the Aztecs and other pre-Columbian Nahua peoples in central Mexico. It is composed of eighteen 20-day "months," which through Spanish usage came to be known as (“scores, groups of twenty”), with an inauspicious, separate 5-day period at the end of the year called the . The name given to the 20-day periods in pre-Columbian times is unknown, and though the Nahuatl word for moon or month, , is sometimes used today to describe them, the sixteenth-century missionary and ethnographer, Diego Durán explained that: In ancient times the year was composed of eighteen months, and thus it was observed by these Indian people. Since their months were made of no more than twenty days, these were all the days contained in a month, because they were not guided by the moon but by the days; therefore, the year had eighteen months. The days of the year were counted twenty by twenty. The calendar (in ...
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Aztec Calendar
The Aztec or Mexica calendar is the calendar, calendrical system used by the Aztecs as well as other Pre-Columbian era, Pre-Columbian indigenous peoples of Mexico, peoples of central Mexico. It is one of the Mesoamerican calendars, sharing the basic structure of calendars from throughout the region. The Aztec sun stone, often erroneously called the calendar stone, is on display at the National Museum of Anthropology (Mexico), National Museum of Anthropology in Mexico City. The actual Aztec calendar consists of a 365-day calendar cycle called (year count), and a 260-day ritual cycle called (day count). These two cycles together form a 52-year "century", sometimes called the "Calendar Round, calendar round". The is considered to be the agricultural calendar, since it is based on the sun, and the is considered to be the sacred calendar. Tōnalpōhualli The ("day count") consists of a cycle of 260 days, each day signified by a combination of a number from 1 to 13, and one of th ...
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