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Xiuhpōhualli
The ''xiuhpōhualli'' (, from (“year”) + (“count”)) is a 365-day calendar used by the Aztecs and other pre-Columbian Nahua peoples in central Mexico. It is composed of eighteen 20-day "months," which through Spanish usage came to be known as (“scores, groups of twenty”), with an inauspicious, separate 5-day period at the end of the year called the . The name given to the 20-day periods in pre-Columbian times is unknown, and though the Nahuatl word for moon or month, , is sometimes used today to describe them, the sixteenth-century missionary and ethnographer, Diego Durán explained that: In ancient times the year was composed of eighteen months, and thus it was observed by these Indian people. Since their months were made of no more than twenty days, these were all the days contained in a month, because they were not guided by the moon but by the days; therefore, the year had eighteen months. The days of the year were counted twenty by twenty. The calendar (in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aztec Calendar
The Aztec or Mexica calendar is the calendar, calendrical system used by the Aztecs as well as other Pre-Columbian era, Pre-Columbian indigenous peoples of Mexico, peoples of central Mexico. It is one of the Mesoamerican calendars, sharing the basic structure of calendars from throughout the region. The Aztec sun stone, often erroneously called the calendar stone, is on display at the National Museum of Anthropology (Mexico), National Museum of Anthropology in Mexico City. The actual Aztec calendar consists of a 365-day calendar cycle called (year count), and a 260-day ritual cycle called (day count). These two cycles together form a 52-year "century", sometimes called the "Calendar Round, calendar round". The is considered to be the agricultural calendar, since it is based on the sun, and the is considered to be the sacred calendar. Tōnalpōhualli The ("day count") consists of a cycle of 260 days, each day signified by a combination of a number from 1 to 13, and one of th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tozoztontli
Tozoztontli is the name of the third month of the Aztec calendar. It means Little Perforation. It is also a festival in the Aztec religion The Aztec religion is a polytheistic and monistic pantheism in which the Nahua concept of '' teotl'' was construed as the supreme god Ometeotl, as well as a diverse pantheon of lesser gods and manifestations of nature. The popular religion te ..., the deities are Centeotl, Tlaloque, Chicomecoatl and Coatlicue. It marks the end of the dry season. It is the season of bird sacrifices and is called The Little Vigil. References Aztec calendars Aztec mythology and religion Religious festivals in Mexico Spring festivals Birds in religion {{Aztec mythology ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Xipe Totec
In Aztec mythology, Xipe Totec (; ) or XipetotecRobelo 1905, p. 768. ("Our Lord the Flayed One") was a life-death-rebirth deity, god of agriculture, vegetation, the east, spring, goldsmiths, silversmiths, liberation, deadly warfare, the seasons, and the earth. The female equivalent of Xipe Totec was the goddess Xilonen- Chicomecoatl. Xipe Totec connected agricultural renewal with warfare. He flayed himself to give food to humanity, symbolic of the way maize seeds lose their outer layer before germination and of snakes shedding their skin. He is often depicted as being red beneath the flayed skin he wears, likely referencing his own flayed nature. Xipe Totec was believed by the Aztecs to be the god that invented war. His insignia included the pointed cap and rattle staff, which was the war attire for the Mexica emperor. He had a temple called Yopico within the Great Temple of Tenochtitlan.Miller & Taube 1993, 2003, p.188. Xipe Totec is associated with pimples, inflammation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cuahuitl Ehua
Tlalcuahuitl or land rod also known as a cuahuitl was an Aztec unit of measuring distance that was approximately ,Jorge, M et al. (2011). ''Mathematical accuracy of Aztec land surveys assessed from records in the Codex Vergara. PNAS:'' University of Michigan. to or long.''Nahuatl Dictionary.'' (1997). Wired Humanities Project. Retrieved September 8, 2012, frolink The abbreviation used for ''tlalcuahuitl'' is (T) and the unit square of a ''tlalcuahuitl'' is (T²). Subdivisions of tlalcuahuitl Acolhua Congruence Arithmetic Using their knowledge of ''tlalcuahuitl'', Barbara J. Williams of the Department of Geology at the University of Wisconsin and María del Carmen Jorge y Jorge of the Research Institute for Applied Mathematics and FENOMEC Systems at the National Autonomous University of Mexico believe the Aztecs used a special type of arithmetic. This arithmetic (''tlapōhuallōtl'' ) the researchers called Acolhua Congruence Arithmetic and it was used to calculate the area o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
